Fog, Mist, Haze and More

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Fog, Mist and more hazy words
Nebel, Dunst


http://iyashi.midb.jp/search/?id=2&mode=word
Oze Swamp in Spring

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Explanation

Fog and mist are well known phenomen, mostly during the whole year, but seasonally special in some areas. The Japanese kigo are well defined, but their translation in English might not bring the same familiar seasonal ring.

As a general rule, the Japanese words kasumi and oboro are haze and mist of spring, whereas kiri is the fog of autumn and winter.

Smog usually builds up in the summer months in big cities.

Misty memory, hazy mind and such use of adjectives are not considered kigo.

For more details, read the extensive explanations here, page 191 - 194:
Haiku World: An International Poetry Almanac
William J. Higginson

All these kigo belong the the category of HEAVEN (天然）.

Let us look at the physical nature of these phenomen first.

Fog, mist and haze are not precipitation as they don't fall to the ground. Reduced visibility near the ground is caused by tiny particles suspended in the air. Water droplets that cause a moderate reduction in visibility are called mist. Those causing a serious visibility problem are called fog. Mists and fogs often form over seas, rivers, and lakes. Particles of dust, smoke or salt that affect the clarity of the air are collectively known as haze.

Fog - visibility below 1,000 m (1,100 yards) - mainly affects aircraft.
Thick fog - visibility 50-200 m (55 - 220 yards) - dangerous for road traffic.
Dense fog - visibility below 50 m (55 yards) - seriously disrupts all forms of transport.



.. .. .. Three types of Fog

Radiation fog occurs when the land radiates heat into space and the air rapidly cools to the dew point. Radiation fog tends to collect in valleys and other ‘frost hollows' causing motorway pile-ups sometimes because drivers do not slow down enough in foggy conditions.

Sea fog - often known as 'steam' fog (over fresh water) or sea smoke (over the sea) forms when cold air is over much warmer water. This is the same effect as cold air turning to steam over a hot bath or hot sink. There needs to be about 9 degrees C difference for this to happen. True steam occurs when the temperature is 100 degrees C.

Advection fog occurs when warm moist air is cooled by a cooler surface, such as over a cool sea in the spring. Fog banks are common in the northwest Atlantic where they form over cold, shallow, offshore waters, such as the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. It also happens when warm moist air blows over a cold sea or lake.

Smog: (smoke-laden fog)
Dirty fog produced by air pollution in cities, and often occurring beneath a temperature inversion. The action of sunlight can produce photo-chemical smog.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/weatherwise/factfiles/basics/precipitation_fog.shtml

Weather Terms Glossary
http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/weatherwise/glossary/

The great Smog of London in 1952
http://weather.about.com/library/weekly/aa121402a.htm

Links about FOG
http://weather.about.com/sitesearch.htm?terms=fog&SUName=weather&TopNode=4018&type=1

Links about HAZE
http://weather.about.com/sitesearch.htm?terms=haze&SUName=weather&TopNode=4018&type=1

Links about MIST
http://weather.about.com/sitesearch.htm?terms=mist&SUName=weather&TopNode=4018&type=1


Malaysia haze
A smokey haze is creating profound problems in Malaysia, according to the Agence France Press. The haze, which is the result of forest fires on the nearby island of Sumatra, is delaying airline flights and creating health problems.


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Graves in Morning Mist
Read the Haiku Collection of Gabi Greve
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2004/10/lonely-graves-in-mist.html


Now let us go back to the kigo related to these words.


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Spring

Mist, Spring mist, Spring mistiness ,
Spring haze, Spring haziness : kasumi　霞　

According to Higginson
Spring haziness focusses on obscured vision at night, whereas Spring haze refers to any haze or mist, usually during daytime hours.
(To complicate things, some refer to haze as "thin mist").

harugasumi 春霞（はるがすみ）spring haze
muragasumi 叢霞（むらがすみ）spots of haze

yaegasumi 八重霞（やえがすみ）many layers of haze
yokogasumi 横霞（よこがすみ）horizontal haze


evening haze : kasumi yo 霞夜

morning haze: asagasumi 朝霞
.... ariakegasumi 有明霞（ありあけがすみ）
hirugasumi 昼霞（ひるがすみ）haze during daytime
yuugasumi 夕霞（ゆうがすみ）haze in the evening
banka 晩霞（ばんか）haze at night


haze in the offing : kasumi no oki　霞の沖
kasumi no umi 霞の海（かすみのうみ）sea, ocean in haze
kasumi no nami 霞の浪（かすみのなみ）waves in haze


kasumi no fumoto 霞の麓（かすみのふもと)
foot of the mountain in haze
kasumi no tani 霞の谷（かすみのたに）valley in haze
kasumi no soko 霞の底（かすみのそこ）
haze at the bottom of the valley
kasumi no sora 霞の空（かすみのそら）sky in haze

kasumi no obi 霞の帯（かすみのおび）belt of haze

thin spring haze : usugasumi 薄霞


veil of haze : kasumi-gakure 霞隠れ
haze in the distance : too-kasumi 遠霞
wild plants in the haze : kusa kasumu 草霞む


kasumi shiku 霞敷く（かすみしく）haze is spreading
..... kasumi wataru 霞渡る（かすみわたる）
kasumi tanabiku 霞棚引く（かすみたなびく）haze is hanging
kasumi tatsu 霞立つ（かすみたつ）haze is building up



Mist could also be used as a translation for for the above terms.

In the following MIST seems the appropriate translation:

sleeves of mist : kasumi no tamoto 霞の袂
kasumi no koromo 、霞の衣（かすみのころも）
kasumi no sode 霞の袖（かすみのそで）

nets of mist : kasumi no ami 霞の網


. Saho-Hime 佐保姫 Princess Sahohime
and the spring mist and wind 　


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sitting on a
blanket of mist,
stone buddha

Robert Wilson

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Spring haziness, Spring mistiness , haze, hazy
oboro 朧

kigo with OBORO are usually refering to evening and night phenomenon.
When the temperatures rise during daytime, some moisture in the air shows a hazy landscape in the evening, especially when the moon is bright.



hazy moon : oborozuki, tsuki oboro 朧月(all spring)
hazy evening : oboroyo 朧夜
hazy moonlight evening : oborozukiyo 朧月夜
looking hazy : oboro meku 朧めく
distant mulled sound of the temple bell : kane oboro 鐘朧, kane kasumu 鐘霞む
Here the feeling of haze includes the deep sound of a distant Japanese temple bell.

The hazy Spring moon, the cloudy moon in a veil of clouds is a well-loved expression in Japanese literature since ancient times.


http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~nr8c-ab/zzz.htm

おぼろ月松出ぬけても出ぬけても
oboro-zuki matsu denukete mo denukete mo

hazy moon--
the pine passing through
passing through

Issa
http://cat.xula.edu/issa/searchissa.php?colors=T&show_c=T&haiku_id=081.15a


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Summer

summer fog, summer mist :
natsu no kiri, natsugiri 夏霧
summer haze, summer mist : natsugasumi 夏霞


Thick fog often builds in the Sea of Ohotsk in Hokkaido.　To find their way ships use their horns and whistles.
fog at sea, sea fog : umigiri, jiri 海霧
ship's whistle in the fog, fog horn (foghorn),
Nebelhorn : muteki 霧笛

Look at a photo of the FOGHORN by Paul Conneally


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Autumn


http://www.uroncha.com/04wata/04wata11/0411-1.html


Fog : kiri 霧 (きり)
morning fog : asagiri 朝霧 （あさぎり）
evening fog : yuugiri　夕霧（ゆうぎり）
night fog : yogiri　夜霧 （よぎり）

usugiri 薄霧（うすぎり）light fog
noomu 濃霧（のうむ）thick fog
..... sagiri 狭霧（さぎり)

kiri no umi 霧の海（きりのうみ）fog on sea

kiri no tani 霧の谷（きりのたに）fog in the valley
kiri no tobari 霧の帳（きりのとばり）fog on the curtains
kiribusuma 霧襖（きりぶすま）fog on the sliding doors
kiri no magaki 霧の籬（きりのまがき）fog around the fence


kirisame 霧雨（きりさめ） "fog and rain"
kirishigure 霧時雨（きりしぐれ）"fog and sleet"

kirishizuku 霧雫（きりしずく） "fog and a drop"
a drop of dew in the fog



scent in the fog, smell :
kiri no ka, kiri niou 霧の香、霧匂う
The scent is often from fires burning fallen leaves or weeds.

.....


kiri ni noru metsuki shite iru karasu kana

looking to ride
the mist...
a crow
Tr. David Lanoue



雨を分て夕霧のぼる外山哉
ame o wakete yuugiri noboru toyama kana

pushing through rain
evening mist climbs
a low mountain
Tr. Chris Drake

This autumn hokku was written in 1792, probably when Issa was traveling around on the island of Shikoku. It is a highly tactile hokku, with the autumn evening mist rising upward against the momentum of the falling rain, and the physical contact between the flow of the mist and the flow countless raindrops in the opposite direction can be almost felt, as if the two were rubbing against each other (wakete, "push through," is often used when someone pushes through a group of people or a crowd). A feeling of exertion strangely mixes with a sense of lightness and effortless movement as the mist follows the slope of a nearby low mountain until it reaches either the mountaintop or the bottoms of the low-hanging rain clouds.

Chris Drake



. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .



autumn sunset -
on the misty mountain
a final sunray

Gabi Greve
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/happyhaiku/message/638


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- - - - - Yosa Buson, 1769 - - - - -

朝霧や画にかく夢の人通り
asagiri ya e ni kaku yume no hitodoori

morning mist;
a dream in paints
of people passing
Tr. Haldane


Morning mist--
A dream-like picture drawn
Of pedestrian traffic
Tr. Nelson/Saito


quote
You will recall that Buson was a painter, and he often strives for painterly effects in his hokku, which makes them a bit artificial. It is worth remembering that Buson — not Bashō — was the favorite of Masaoka Shiki, the fellow who nearly destroyed hokku by his revisionistic creation of the haiku near the beginning of the 20th century. It was the “painter” aspect of Buson that Shiki liked, which contributed to Shiki’s notion that his new “haiku” should be a kind of illustration or sketch from life.
But let’s look now at Buson’s verse:

Morning fog–
A painting of people passing
In a dream.

It is really too intentionally beautiful for hokku, and is somewhat like an impressionist painting.

Literally, what Buson wrote was:

Asagiri ya e ni kaku yume no hito dōri
Morning-fog ya picture in painted dream ‘s people pass

So if we moved things around a bit, we could translate it more literally as

Morning fog:
Painted in a picture –
Dream people passing.

Either way, however, it does what hokku should not do — it pulls our attention in two different directions by comparing one thing with another. Instead of just telling us that people are passing in the morning fog, he goes beyond and tells us that it is like a picture of people passing in a dream — of dream-people passing. Any time we have to use the word “like” to explain something in hokku, it is a warning sign. Hokku should let things just be themselves, not be “like” this or “like” that.
source : David Coomler


. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .


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Look at a great collection of Morning Fog photos from Japan.
http://iyashi.midb.jp/search/?id=2&mode=word


asagiri ya shashin o mireba genki no deru

morning mist -
just looking at the photos
makes me happy

Gabi Greve


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Yuugiri, Yugiri, Evening Fog
is a famous character in the Genji Monogatari.

Fragment of the Takeya Edition of the Yûgiri Chapter of The Tale of Genji
http://www.emuseum.jp/cgi/bunsyutu.cgi?SyoID=5&ID=w027&SubID=s029&Link=w027x001


http://www.pref.kyoto.jp/2008genji/1183089639569.html : 夕霧（ゆうぎり）


夕霧や馬の覚し橋の穴
yuugiri ya uma no oboeshi hashi no ana

evening fog -
the horse remembers
the holes in the bridge

Issa
Tr. Gabi Greve
Discussing the translation



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Winter

winter fog : fuyugiri 冬霧 , fuyu no kiri 冬霧（ふゆぎり）

winter mist : fuyugasumi 冬霞
... fuyu no kasumi 冬の霞（ふゆのかすみ）
... fuyu kasumu 冬霞む（ふゆかすむ）、

winter haze : fuyu no moya 冬の靄
cold haze : kanai 寒靄


itegasumi 凍霞（いてがすみ）freezing mist

sumogu スモッグ smog
... enmu 煙霧（えんむ）


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New Year


hatsugasumi 初霞 (はつがすみ) first mist (of the year)
... niigasumi 新霞（にいがすみ）


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More Haiku

草霞み水に声なき日ぐれかな
kusa kasumi mizu ni koe naki higure kana

grasses in mist
waters with silence;
evening
Tr. Michael Haldane


Grasses in a mist
and water flowing silently,
daylight fading!
Tr. anonymous


Grasses are misty,
The waters silent --
A tranquil evening.
Tr. anonymous



Misty grasses,
Quiet waters,
It's evening.
Tr. anonymous



The meadow is in mist
The water voiceless--
The sunset
Tr. anonymous

source : Terebess Asia Online (TAO)


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Haze at a distance-
flock of storcks are threading
one's way southwards

Vasile Moldovan

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Some placenames in Japan contain fog and mist, since this is the main feature of the local weather.

Kasumi-ga-Ura 霞ヶ浦
Kasumigaura is located in the southeastern section of Ibaraki Prefecture.
As a single lake, Kasumigaura is second only to Lake Biwa in size in Japan, and provides the basis for the region's residential and industrial development.



About 200,000 years ago in the middle of the Pleistocene Epoch, the area surrounding Kasumigaura was a part of the ocean referred to as Old Tokyo Bay that extended across the Kanto region. Over time the shallow sea floor that accumulated in Old Tokyo Bay changed into land, forming a plateau 20-40m above sea level that extends across present-day Kasumigaura.
English Reference


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. WKD : FOG in Kenya 　

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California, USA

tule fog



quote
Tule fog
is a thick ground fog that settles in the San Joaquin Valley and Sacramento Valley areas of California's Great Central Valley. Tule fog forms during the
late fall and winter (California's rainy season)
after the first significant rainfall. The official time frame for tule fog to form is from November 1 to March 31.
This phenomenon is named after the tule grass wetlands (tulares) of the Central Valley. Accidents caused by the tule fog are the leading cause of weather-related casualties in California.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


tule fog
a cotton field as far as
I can't see

- Shared by Jimmy ThePeach -
Joys of Japan, 2012


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. SAIJIKI - - HEAVEN in all seasons 　



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Firework Display (hanabi)

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Firework Display (hanabi)

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: Late Summer
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation




hanabi 花火 はなび firework display
..... agehanabi 揚花火（あげはなび）
..... shikake hanabi 仕掛花火（しかけはなび）


senkoo hanabi 線香花火 (せんこうはなび)
"incense stick firework"
..... hanabi senkoo 花火線香（はなびせんこう）
tehanabi 手花火（てはなび）firework to hold in your hand
nezumi hanabi 鼠花火（ねずみはなび）"mouse firework"
niwa hanabi 庭花火（にわはなび）firework in the garden
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

線香花火製造職 craftsmen making senko hanabi

. Edo no shokunin 江戸の職人 Edo craftsmen .

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Ryoogoku no hanabi 両国の花火（りょうごくのはなび）
firework display at the Ryogoku Bridge in Edo
(see below)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


. Ryōgoku　両国 Ryogoku district and bridge 両国橋　 .
Edo / Tokyo


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Every summer Japan prepares for its numerous
fireworks (hanabi 花火) festivals held throughout the nation. The biggest of these is the display over the Sumida River which is a major event on the cultural calendar of Tokyo, with spectacular multicoloured layers that blossom into the night sky to awe the millions of spectators gathered along the banks or in boats on the river. Many dress in traditional kimono and festival wear for the occasion. The highlight of the display is a dazzling competition between highly acclaimed fireworks manufacturers.
http://www.wordtravels.com/Attractions/Countries/Japan/Events/Sumida+River+Fireworks+Festival/


The center of the activities is Sumida River Park and the banks of the river in its immediate vicinity where, from early in the day, spectators gather to secure a good spot for fireworks’ viewing. Others make reservations at office tower restaurants or with tour boat operators often as much as a year in advance. It is popular for spectators to attend the festival wearing the cotton summer kimono, the yukata, and to bring traditional Japanese food and drink. Hundreds of vendors sell refreshments, sparklers and souvenirs of the event.

The Japanese word for fireworks, ‘hanabi’ is made up of two kanji characters – ‘hana’ for flower and ‘bi’ for fire. They were first introduced to Japan from China in the late sixteenth century and at the time, were enjoyed almost exclusively by the ruling class. Gradually, firework displays were held for the amusement of the common people and by the 18th century, they had become popular throughout Japan. There are over 7,000 fireworks festivals held throughout Japan each year. Many of today’s fireworks are being manufactured by the same families who began making them generations ago.
http://www.japancorner.com/news/festival.asp?story=37


Great Fireworks Display, Waterborn Fireworks at Kamakura


http://japan-fireworks.com/gallery/sanka/kamakura.jpeg

This display done this way : Fired shells droped into the sea by pyrotechnists from rear of running motorboat one after another. Each shells sink once time and come up to the near surface again and blooming in the sea water.
It look like gigantic half-doom. display at every August 10 .
http://japan-fireworks.com/gallery/sanka/ekamakura.html


Here is the complete list of Japanese Fireworks in English
"Photos by K.Onozato"
Fireworks!
They color the night sky beautifuly. Fireworks displays and events are held various places in Japan throughout the year not only on summer nights. This page attempts to introduce attractiveness of Japanese fireworks and gives information of various fireworks. I hope you have the opportunity to enjoy Japanese fireworks.
Take your time to surf through this one !
http://japan-fireworks.com/eindex.html


Here is a list of his fireworks pictures.
You can see the different types of firework displays.
Here are all the chrysanthemums, for example
http://japan-fireworks.com/gallery/regular1/obatamie.gif
http://japan-fireworks.com/gallery/regular1/egallery1.html

See all the different types.
http://japan-fireworks.com/gallery/egallery.html

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx


Japan Fireworks Calendar
http://japan-fireworks.com/calendar/calendar.html


http://japan-fireworks.com/tamura.gif


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. Edo craftsmen　江戸の職人 - shokunin .

The Hanabi season in Edo lasted from the 28 of May to the 28 of August (the Summer season in Edo).
Every evening there were firework displays from the Ryogokubashi bringe and people on the river sides and on boats enjoyed to watch them
. . . The Summer in Edo was very hot and humid and people could not work much during such hot days . . .

hanabishi, hanabi shi 花火師 firework makers
kagiya 鍵屋弥兵衛 Kagiya Yahei
tamaya 玉屋 Tamaya

hanabi uri 花火売り street vendors of small firework
They started to roam the streets of Edo from around 1650, selling mostly small fireworks for children (senko hanabi), calling out
hanabi hanabiii senko senkooo.
One simple set was only about 25 Yen, more elaborate contraptions were 100 Yen.


source : edoeten.cocolog-nifty.com


gangu hanabi 玩具花火 firework toys for children


弥兵衛


source : studyenglish.at.webry
線香花火 Child playing with Senko Hanabi



quote
HANABI - Japanese Fireworks
The first fireworks in Japan had been made in the 16th century, soon after guns were brought into the country. The oldest record of fireworks as a source of entertainment is said to be 1613, when Japan’s first shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu viewed fireworks in the Edo Castle. However, there are resources that also tell us that Date Masamune enjoyed viewing them back in 1589, or on April 14th of 1582 the Portuguese Jesuit Missionaries used fireworks at the church in Oita Prefecture. Furthermore, there is even a record that says fireworks were already used at a seasonal festival in either 1558 or 1560 at Yoshida Shrine in Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture. Hence, the history of fireworks display has not been made clear in its origin.

As Japan entered the Edo Period – a closed and fairly peaceful era that lasted for 260 years – and the need of guns and gunpowder decreased dramatically, the unemployed people in the gunpowder industry made re-starts as fireworks factories. Fireworks back then were so popular among people from lay people to warriors, bureaucrats and shogun, that the government even issued a law that bans fireworks other than at Sumida River.

The most popular fireworks craftsman in those days was the Sr. Yahei (n.b. the name and thus master title “Yahei” has been succeeded in the following generations) of Kagiya. It is told that Sr.Yahei was not from Edo (present day Tokyo) but from Nara Prefecture (mid-western Japan) and was known for having excellent fireworks creating skills from when he was small.
In 1659, Yahei became successful in Edo with toy fireworks in which he filled a reed-made cylinder with hoshi (gunpowder). Yahei continued to study and improve his skills, and opened a store called Kagiya in Ryogoku.

In the following years, Yahei studied large-scale fireworks and showed his marvelous works at the Water God Festival in 1717. When the country suffered many deaths due to famine in Kansai (west) and cholera in Edo, the 8th shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune held a Water God Festival at Sumida River to console the souls of the dead, with Yahei’s fireworks. This is said to be the beginning of Sumidagawa Fireworks that continues to attract millions of people in Tokyo today.

Another fireworks company that became famous and popular in Edo alongside of Kagiya was Tamaya. Tamaya was opened in 1810 by Seikichi, one of Kagiya’s assistant managers, as an independent branch of Kagiya.

By latter Edo Period both Kagiya and Tamaya had made impeccable success in the fireworks industry in Edo. The Sumidagawa Fireworks was left to these two companies, the upper stream to Tamaya and the lower to Kagiya. When the fireworks spread in the night sky, the audience started to call out “Tah-ma-yaah” and “Kah-gi-yaah” on top of their cheers accordingly to which side of the river the fireworks were shot from, saying “this is Kagiya’s hanabi,” or “this is Tamaya’s.” This is the very origin of the famous phrase “Tamaya, Kagiya” that the Japanese shout out when viewing fireworks.

However in 1843, an accidental fire spread out from Tamaya and burnt not only the store but also half the town. Back then accidental fire was considered a very serious crime, and because it was the night before the shogun left for a visit to a family shrine, Tamaya was given heavy punishment with all of its property taken and the master expelled from Edo.

In those days, fireworks companies like Kagiya were called chonin-hanabi (townsmen fireworks). Besides those townsmen fireworks, there were private fireworks displays competed among feudal lords who had their servant craftsmen make hanabi for them. These are called buke-hanabi (warrior’s fireworks). Warrior’s fireworks were especially popular and gorgeously held in the three domains Kii, Owari and Mito where there were no restrictions in fireworks productions for the domains were ruled by the Tokugawa (shogun) family. The warrior’s fireworks of the Date Clan was also known to be great, reflecting how the clan prospered the most for the first time after the historical figure Date Masamune. It was so popular that in fact, the reputation spread to Edo and people flooded over destroying a bridge nearby the site.
Warrior’s fireworks originated in war signals, therefore developed as fireworks that shoot up high in the sky. As compared to the rather flat fireworks of Edo which were more art-oriented (colors, shape, tricks) the warrior’s fireworks were more plain but grander in scale. Fireworks that Japan enjoys today have taken in both these elements, and developed into a unique high-skilled art.

According to Muto Teruhiko (1921 – 2002), the founder of Japan Fireworks Artists Association (JFAA) and a writer of innumerous documents related to fireworks, uchiage-hanabi (the kind that goes high in the sky and is meant to be displayed in the air) was developed in 1751. What people may have believed to be uchiage-hanabi before then were smaller fireworks that shot out sparks and smoke. On a side note, Kagiya’s 13th generation owner and master Amano stopped producing hanabi (handheld fireworks) during WWII, and has become a uchiage-hanabi-only company since then.
- source : jmode.com/madeinjapan -


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Worldwide use

Canada

The world's leading fireworks manufacturers consider the HSBC Celebration of Light international fireworks competition to be the most prestigious events of its kind in the world and an exciting arena where they can unveil the latest pyro-musical techniques and the most innovative fireworks materials.
http://www.celebration-of-light.com/Event-Information/Canada.php

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None in Kenya.

They are only used quite exceptionally, and the noise frightens the population (it sounds too much like an explosion... which of course it is...)...

In Belgium, it would be a strong kigo for Independence Day (21 July), which is also the King's official birthday and a public holiday for all. Fireworks are held in the Royal Park, opposite the city palace, and everyone is invited to watch. Every commune also holds its own fireworks and, as they take place at staggered intervals, one could theoretically move from fireworks to fireworks that night (I did watch two sets one year...!). Fireworks play a big part in the New Year's celebrations (midnight for the start of the new year) and would be another kigo then. Only public fireworks are allowed.

In Ireland, fireworks are rare and, if they take place at all, they are public fireworks. We had a wonderful display for new year 2000, and more recently on 1 May 2004 for the enlargement of the European Union (Ireland had the Presidency of the EU).
Fireworks would not be a kigo in Ireland, but are much liked.

Isabelle Prondzynski

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USA

Fireworks in the US are H-U-G-E for the 4th of July celebration, but are rarely used at other times. On the 4th, however, there are at least 6 fireworks celebrations that can be seen with the naked eye from atop Signal Hill near Long Beach California, and probably 2-3 times that if you used binoculars.
As you can see from the following link, almost all the fireworks displays that they list are within a week of July 4th.
http://www.fireworksfun.com/fireworks-locations.asp


Some of the theme parks, like Disneyland, do nightly fireworks during the summer, but the Queen Mary here in Long Beach quit doing their nightly fireworks.Fireworks do get used for special celebrations such as the Olympics' opening and closing ceremonies (e.g. 1984 Los Angeles Olympics).
gK September 2004


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summer play -
sparklers move in circles
after dark

- Shared by Elaine Andre -
Joys of Japan, 2012


A sparkler is a type of hand-held firework that burns slowly while emitting colored flames, sparks, and other effects.
In the United Kingdom, a sparkler is often used by children at bonfire and fireworks displays on Guy Fawkes Night, the fifth of November, and in the United States on Independence Day (United States).
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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Things found on the way



Oni Daruma 鬼だるま
Daruma Fireworks in three different colors


. my LIST of Japanese Firework Displays


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In Kyoto there is a special firework, tebotan, te-botan 手牡丹
"peony in the hand", a kind of "incense stick firework".



The sparks seem to fall like raindrops from an umbrella, first in a silver tinge, than changing into a golden tinge.

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The Tengu from 倉尾村 Kurao in Chichibu, Saitama often launch a firework from their rock called 天狗岩 Tenguiwa. But it does not make a sound at all, just beautiful colors like chrysanthemums in the sky.

. Tengu 天狗 "heavenly dogs" from Chichibu .

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. kitsune 狐 fox legends .

From 御殿場 Gotenba in Shizuoka an old farmer could see something like a firework up on the fifth station of Mount Fuji 富士山の五合目, and even hear the noise of its popping. But he knew he was only bewitched by a fox and begun to pee on the roadside to get rid of the bewitchment, as was custom in this area.
Indeed, when he finished his pee, a fox showed up at the side of the road . . . and he was healed.

In 中津川村 Nakatsugawa in Yamagata in the hamlet of 大別 Owakari there are foxes stealing the special food for the New Year. From near and far they play pranks on people for about 30 minutes, showing up like a firework.

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In 福島県 Fukushima before a fire of a home there is often a sort of firework to be seen. It looks like a comet falling from the sky, sparkling and dancing and disappears quickly.


In 瀬戸内村 Setouchi village in Kagoshima there is a special mysterious red fire ball called ヒジャマ hijama. It is about 20 cm in diameter. It appears above the ocean and sparks around like a round firework, but it never has a trail at its end. Before it falls, it becomes like a long pole, slipping into the sea.


In 城山町 Shiroyama in Kanagawa there sometimes appears a fire ball 火の玉 like a firework during a funeral service. It seems to come from afar and gets closer and closer, until it is almost above the stubble of an old mulberry tree. But it never makes a sound. If someone calls out:
化かすんじゃない - Don't fool us! it disappears soon.

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


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HAIKU

花火師を描写した句 Haiku about the Fireworks Makers
- source : hagafireworks.jp/archives -

花火を描写した句　 Haiku describing directly

心象についての句 Haiku discribing the feeling about it

観客としての句 Haiku from a visitors point

花火のある風景 Landscape with fireworks

遠花火聞こえて消えし元の闇　
寅彦　

far-away fireworks,
now to be heard and gone
then silence again

Torahiko
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

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Another link to a beautifully illustrated Haiku and Hanabi page by students.

hanabi mite kokoro mo kirei na niji iro ni

Looking at fireworks.
My heart is also rainbow‐colored.
It is beautiful.

Erika
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hanabi mite egao no kimi ga kokoro uchi

Looking at fireworks
your smile
strikes my heart.

Emi
http://www.sakuragaoka.ac.jp/student/haiku/c03/hanabi/

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Here is another way of looking at things

And so they're flying
Launched by the hands of the fools
With money to burn

07 February 2001 Ashley Frieze
http://www.incredible.org.uk/haiku/fireworks.html

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American Fireworks Haiku

July 4
Vicksburg skies
silent

(Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA fell to the forces of General Ullyses S. Grant on July 4. They haven't had much heart for fireworks celebrating the American Revolution since...)

against the full moon
the fireworks
somehow closer

an hour
after the fireworks
the surf luminescent

(I vacation in a spot where the surf is made lumenescent by certain algae. The effect doesn't appear until well after dark...)

susan delphine delaney md

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Fireworks fade
To darkness, leaving only
This full moon

Mark Snyder (Fayetteville, NC)
June 2009, my facebook


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Daruma san -
high in the sky
a firework dances


© Photo: http://www.ldt.co.jp/hanabi/hanabi003.html

Read more about Daruma Haiku by Gabi Greve
http://darumasan.blogspot.com/2005/12/haiku-and-daruma-san.html


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一文の花火も玉屋玉屋哉
ichimon no hanabi mo Tamaya Tamaya kana

even the cheap fireworks
are best from Tamaya!
Tamaya! Tah-ma-yaah!

Kobayashi Issa
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

「鍵屋, 鍵屋弥兵衛 Kagiya Yahei」「玉屋 Tamaya」
Kagiya and Tamaya were famous firework producers during the Edo period, see above.
ichimon no hanabi refers to the small sticks or paper stripes (senkoo hanabi 線香花火 "incense stick firework") which children can hold in their hands and swing around to form patterns.



両国川開きの大花火 Great Firework at Ryogoku Bridge
Utagawa Hiroshige


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. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


川舟や花火の夜も花火売
kawabune ya hanabi no yoru mo hanabi-uri

river boats hire
fireworks boats even on
nights with big fireworks

This hokku is from the 9th month (October) of 1821, when Issa was living in his hometown. It seems to be a hokku based on a memory of what he saw in Edo. The hokku is about the great love Edoites have for various kinds of fireworks. By implication, it's also about their strong desire to experience all sorts of new forms of innovative entertainment. In addition to the many commercial boats that constantly crisscross the Sumida River in Edo, every evening in late summer and early fall the great river is covered with hundreds if not thousands of pleasure boats hired by people wanting to cool off after a hot, humid day, while even more people crowd onto the banks of the river and onto the various bridges that cross it in order to see the sights and catch some cool breeze. Between the passenger pleasure boats constantly pass other boats selling food, sake, personal goods, and fireworks. The fireworks boats row here and there, stopping whenever a pleasure boat hires them to perform a program of small and medium-sized fireworks.

On some nights between 5/28 and 8/28 (July-September) there were periodic and spectacular displays of large-sized fireworks sent up over the Sumida River at Ryogoku Bridge, near the largest entertainment district in Edo. Two different groups of fireworks artists competed with each other, resulting in long displays of fireworks exploding high over the river in many complex patterns and colors. Even on nights when these displays are held in the sky, however, Issa writes that the ordinary fireworks boats continue to do a good business down on the river. Their more modest explosions seem to be just as exciting when seen from nearby at water level, and they are viewer-friendly, since customers can ask for the types of fireworks they like best. The hokku presents a double vision of both the sky and the water being lit up simultaneously.

Chris Drake


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Related words

***** . Arai Handheld Fireworks
(Enshu Arai tezutsu hanabi 遠州新居手筒花火) 　
Arai was the 31 station of the Tokaido road.

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- CLICK for more Ukiyo-E about Edo fireworks ! -


. Join the Ukiyo-E friends on facebook ! .




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Flower and Hana

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Flowers, blossoms and translating "hana" (花)

The Japanese character for hana 花
can be translated in various ways in to other languages.
In haiku it refers only to the cherry blossoms.


Photo Gabi Greve
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A word of caution :

hana 花 translated as:

The English words flower, blossom, bloom or the German Blume, Blüte with no further addition does not convey this strong meaning of the Cherry blossoms.
So if you use only the word "FLOWER" in an English haiku, it is not synonym for "cherry blossoms" and thus NOT a kigo.

ブロッサム【blossom】burossamu, flowers on a tree
ブルーム【bloom】 buruumu
フラワー【flower】furawaa


In "Haiku World", William Higginson
advises for Renku linked poetry that the participants have to decide to accept the word
blossom as any spring-blossoming tree or not.

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As a kigo, "hana 花" always represente the
Cherry Blossoms (sakura no hana) .

Hana can of course also be a beautiful lady and Hanako　花子, Flower Girl, is a common name.

A clouded sky during the Cherry blossom season, blossom haze, is "hanagumori", 花曇, only in this season used as a kigo for late spring and never used for other flowers in haze or clouds.

Viewing flowers, hanami, 花見, is of course only used for viewing the Cherry flowers and is a pleasure enjoyed in daily life in Spring.


... ... ... ... Do not mix up these two in Japanese

spring flowers, haru no hana 春の花
kigo for spring

"spring of the flowers", hana no haru　花の春
kigo for the New Year

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summer flowers -
not knowing your names
do I know less ?

© Photo and Haiku by Gabi Greve

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Snow, Moon and Blossoms, Setsugekka 雪月花
setsugetsuka
Japanese Art and the Japanese View of Nature

To the Japanese mind, nature is more than just physical scenery.
The Japanese love of the imperfect stems from an acknowledgment of the inherent limitations of human creative powers.

© SETSUGEKKA, by Isamu Kurita, MOA
..... Do not miss to read the full essay .

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Here are some more compounds with HANA, the Cherry Blossoms.

花の雨 はなのあめ blossom rain [i.e., rain falling on cherry blossoms, or at cherry blossom time]
花の山 はなのやま hana no yama blossoming mountains/hills
花便り はなだより hanadayori blossom news / tidings of blossoms [whether carried in person or by media]

花の昼 はなのひる hana no hiru blossoms at midday
花の雲 はなのくも hana no kumo clouds of blossoms / blossom clouds [figurative]
花盛り はなざかり hanazakari blossoms in full bloom / blossoms at their peak
花埃 はなぼこり hanabokori blossom dust / blossom pollen
花の宿 はなのやど hana no yado blossom inn [i.e., an inn where people go to see the cherry blossoms in the region; an inn nestled among blossoming cherry trees]



"capital of blossoms", hana no miyako 花の都
Read : Edo or Kyoto, a discussion of the meaning


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a different temple
for each season -
flowers of Kamakura

Look at the Flower Calendar of Kamakura !


Gabi Greve, former resident of Kamakura
- Backup Copy - !


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http://www.hana300.com/nanoha.html

Other flowers use "hana" in the name too, but only in context with other words, for example the rape flower, celery cabbage, na no hana 菜の花.

Daphne (Jinchooge, Japan) is written 沈丁花、where the character for flower is read GE.

Peach blossoms (momo no hana 桃の花) and others are especially mentioned too, nashi no hana 梨の花　(Japanese pears), anzu no hana 杏の花　(apricots) and so on.

. momo no hana　桃の花 peach blossom art motives .


The Pine (matsu, Japan) has flowers, matsu no hana 松の花, but also delivers its pollen to us, especially in 2005 in the spring causing a lot of allergies. The pollen is called "Matsu kafun", here KA is the character for flower 松花粉.


blogs.dion.ne.jp/cafe_m/archives/cat_43147.html

... ... ... ... ...

Another lovely spring flower, almost a weed in the rice fields before plowing in my area of Okayama, is the milk vetch with its pink patches providing food for our local bees. The Astralagus family of clover is also called
gegebana 五形花 or rengesoo 蓮華草.
Here the character used for GE, indicating the flower, is a beautiful old traditional Chinese one.
Rengesoo has been wrongly translates as "Lotus Flower" by some translators unfamiliar with this haiku name, but that is of course not correct. Just imagine honey from the real lotus flowers!

Even if RENGE 蓮華　means lotus,
the lotus flower is something else, as you can see below.



© Photo Gabi Greve

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We also have fiery flowers in the summer sky, hanabi, 花火,
Firework Display (hanabi, Japan )


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In Autumn,

the fields are filled with flowers, hanano 花野, flower moors.
Here HANA is a general name for all the different plants flowering in autumn.
花野道 hananomichi flower-field path and
花野風 hananokaze, flower-field wind/breeze(s) belong to these Autumn flowers.

The Autumn wildflowers are also called
kusa no hana 草の花 . "Flowers of the weeds",
"Flowers of the grass" is another translation.
chigusa no hana 千草の花 "a thousand wild flowers"


道問はば微笑み返る草の花

Asking how to go,
she smiles at me
by the flowers of weeds.

© Wada Yoshio

Check out this page for more bilingual Haiku and superb photos.
http://wadaphoto3.web.infoseek.co.jp/haiku.htm

..... .....

空に迄仏ましまして草の花
sora ni made hotoke mashimashite kusa no hana

even in the sky
Buddha dwells...
wildflowers

Issa
Issa and the Wildflower Haiku, tr. David Lanoue=

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One of the "kusa no hana" is the
wild pink carnation, nadeshiko.
草の花は、なでしこ 撫子.
Used already by Sei Shonagon　清少納言 (Sei Shoonagon) in her Poetry.


. Flowers and plants in AUTUMN

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Wild flowers from Uruguay, flowering now in April.
Haiku by Carlos Fleitas.

wild flowers -
spreading yellow and pink
why call it autumn?

colorful noon -
leaves wither and pass by
yet wild flowers

Read more of Carlos' wildflower haiku here:
- yahoo.com/group/happyhaiku/message/1440

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. The seven flowers / herbs of autumn,
aki no nanakusa 秋の七草 .

Flowers blossoming
in autumn fields -
when I count them on my fingers
they then number seven.
The flowers of bush clover,
eulalia, arrowroot,
pink, patrinia,
also, mistflower
and morning faces flower.

Yamanoue Okura (C. 660 - 733)
Manyoshu: 8:1537-8
http://www.urasenke.org/flowers/


Nora ni saku na wa kore made zo kusa no hana

Flowers of the grass:
scarcely shown, and withered
name and all.

Asei
http://www.ski.org/SPMcKee_lab/yury/index.html?Hobbies_files/haiku_engl.html


Haru no Nanakusa 春の七草
. The Seven Flowers / Herbs of Spring .

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Early winter

Sometimes, the cherries and others start flowering in winter again

nidozaki, nido zaki 二度咲（にどざき）
"flowering for a second time"

these crazy flowers, kurui-zaki 狂い咲き.
kaerizaki, kaeri-zaki 帰り咲 (かえりざき) crazy blossoming
They are also called "flowers coming back"　or
"retruning flowers" kaeribana　帰り花 / 返り花 (かえりばな)
forgetful flowers, wasurebana 忘れ花 (わすればな)

. . . . .


The soft fluttering snowflakes are sometimes called "wind flowers", kazahana 風花.



© Photo Gabi Greve
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2005/04/sunbeam-for-us-all.html

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Flowers and Renku
Chris Drake

The following are regarded by renku poets as "true flowers/blossoms, 正花 (shooka)" although they are not what we ordinarily call flowers. This is because they express the basic life force that makes botanical flowers possible:

* Spring: hana-guruma, a cart carrying or decorated with flowers, also a blossom-viewing carriage; hana-gokoro, or flowers' heart-mind, that is, the heart/mind of blossoms, and also the heart/mind of humans when it blooms with creative, blossom-like thoughts and actions; hana-goromo, a blossom-robe, that is, a flowery or floral-design robe; hana-ikada, or flower raft, a dense area of fallen blossoms that remains floating on the surface of a body of water, etc.

* Summer: hana-midoo, or flower hall, a stand with a base, four pillars, and a small roof covered with flowers in which a statue of the baby Buddha is placed and displayed on his birthday; yoka, or late blossoms of certain cherries and other flowering trees and bushes; wakaba no hana or blossoms among new green leaves; hana-goza, a reed mat woven with a colored floral design in it; hana-goori, or ice with a flower frozen inside it, etc.

* Autumn: hanabi, 'fire flowers,' or fireworks (now mainly a summer word); hana-odori, or flower dance, that is, a dance done with flowers in your hat (also spring); hana-momiji, 'blossoms and colored leaves,' that is, the concept of beauty that includes both, and also colored leaves that are as beautiful as spring blossoms; hana-zumoo, or blossom sumo, that is, a special sumo match outside the regular schedule in which the wrestlers are rewarded only with gifts of flowers/blossoms, a metaphor for wrapped gifts of money from fans; hana-tooroo, or stone lantern towers that are decorated with flowers, etc.

* Winter: kaeri-bana, or flowers that bloom out of season during a winter warm spell; mochi-bana, or rice-cake flowers, that is, small, usually round brightly colored rice cakes placed on sticks or bush or tree limbs in early spring as a prayer for a good crop during the coming year, etc.

* Non-seasonal: hana-yome/-muko or flower bride/groom, that is, brides and grooms at the height of their attractiveness and fertility; hana-gatsuo, flower bonito, that is, broth containing pieces of dried bonito shaved as thinly as blossoms; hana-mushiro, flower mat, that is, a straw mat woven with a colored floral design in it; tsukuri-bana, or artificial flowers (often said to be loved by the gods); hana-nuri, or flower finish, a method of applying lacquer without polishing; hana-kairagi, or flower stingray skin, a method of decorating sword handles and sheaths; hana-gata, a) a flower design and b) a famous actor who is the "flower" of the kabuki troupe; tooka no hana, the flower-like tip of a lantern flame, etc.

* "False blossoms" that can be used as "true blossoms": hana no nami, waves of blossoms; hana no taki, a waterfall of blossoms, that is, a tree with many flowering branches hanging downward like a willow, and also: a falls as beautiful as falling petals or one with many petals floating in it at the bottom; hana no yuki, snow or blizzard of falling blossoms; cha no de-bana, first flower tea, that is, the delicious, fragrant tea made from the first fresh leaves of the year; ai no debana, the beautiful first dyeing of cloth using fresh, new indigo dye.

* There are also some borderline images, such as hi-bana, fire flowers, that is, sparks, that are often given as false blossoms that shouldn't be used.

To sum up, as Basho is quoted as saying in Nijuugo kajoo (二十五箇条), On Haikai: Twenty-Five Points,

"Blossoms (hana) are the flowering (hana)
of the heart-mind of all the myriad things."

So perhaps "true blossoms," both seasonal and non-seasonal, could be paraphrased as heart-mind blossoms as opposed to botanical blossoms.

- - - - - - - - - -

Further Reading in our Library :

Plants of Greek Myth

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The complete PLANT SAIJIKI - - - start from HERE
. Plants in Spring ... SAIJIKI 　

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. Doing Business in Edo 江戸 .

hana-uri, hana uri 花うり / 花売り flower vendor


. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

Flowers were grown in the outskirts of Edo and carried to the townspeople for sale.
The six most loved flowers of Edo
tsubaki 椿 camellia, shakuyaku 芍薬 peony, hanashoobu 花菖蒲 iris, asagao 朝顔 morning-glory, kiku 菊 chrysanthemum, sasanka 山茶花 camellia sasanqua

The Tokugawa clan preferred Tsubaki, the Lord of Kumamoto loved 菖 Ayame iris . . .
Seasonal flowers were used for Ikebana and as offerings at temples and shrines.


花売の花におくや露の玉
hanauri no hana ni oku ya tsuyu no tama

on the flower vendor's
flowers...
pearls of dew


花うりのかざりにちるや今朝の露
hana uri no kazari ni chiru ya kesa no tsuyu

dripping from
the flower vendor's display
morning dew
Tr. David Lanoue

. . Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 .



source : runomi.at.webry.info/201502
Photo from the early Meiji Period.

hanayasan 花屋さん flower vendor, flower shop
uekiyasan 植木屋さん gardener

. uekiya　植木屋, niwashi　庭師　gardener .
Edo no engei　江戸の園芸 Gardening in Edo

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Flood, flooding (koozui)

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Flood, flooding (koozui)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Mid-autumn and see below
***** Category: Earth

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Explanation

Since floods mostly happen in autumn with the typhoons, the main kigo is for mid-autumn. For spring, you have to add the word "SPRING".


flood, koozui 洪水（こうずい）
"inquiry after the water situation" 水見舞（みずみまい）
mimai is a word also used for visit in a hospital or a seasonal greating.


autumn floods, aki demizu 秋出水 (あきでみず)


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kigo for mid-spring

spring floods, haru demizu 春出水 (はるでみず)

flood in spring, haru no koozui 春の洪水（はるのこうずい）


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Floods in Asia are often related to the
Monsoon ..(India, South Asia)



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Worldwide use


Ghana

In my country (Ghana) the floods start in July.

Fredua-Agyeman Nana

GHANA Saijiki


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Kenya

flooding
kigo for the long and short rainy season

KENYA Saijiki


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Philippines

Floods come during the onset of the rainy season in July until October.

Haiku see below.

PHILIPPINES Saijiki

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Trinidad and Tobago


There is acute flooding during the August September months during the Wet Season, these are the months when there are likely Tropical Atlantic storms also.
source : Gillena Cox



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Yemen

Floods caused by monsoon rain/-time; july-august.

I just came back from Du'an - a green valley in Hadhramaut with flood water irrigation. Du'an is not only the name of the most famous river in Hadhramaut - also for a group of villages. I visited Chourejba for one week.


flood water -
Duan's palm grove
a paddy

Heike Gewi, Yemen

quote
The Wadis of Hadhramaut

Legend maintains that Hadramaut`s history begins with the Flood
and that once upon the time, the area was inhabited by giants. Today, the area, together with the south coast and Aden, constitutes one of the great and extraordinary regions of Yemen. It covers an extensive area of varied landscape, from the coastlands of the Indian Ocean, through a complex series of valleys, to the southern edge of the Rub AlKhali desert. It includes a massive and magnificent wadi system, probably one of the largest in the Arabian Peninsula, which runs for about 160 km west to east with numerous tributary valleys, such as Wadi Doan, Amd, AlAin, Sark, Bin Ali, and Idm, and an easterly extension into the less fertile Wadi Masila.

Due to elaborate irrigation systems, the land is covered with green vegetation, groves and trees. Irrigation both by control of the twice yearly seasonal floods and, especially, from wells, is carefully managed. Vast areas of date-palm trees grow alongside wheat, vegetables, dates and tobacco. The Hadhramis live in densely built towns along the traditional watering stations of the wadis. Here they harvest crops of wheat, millet, tend dates and coconut groves, and grow some coffee.

The Hadhrami architectural history represents a dialogue between cultures both within and outside. Yemen`s diverse built environment has remained vibrant in the face of recent transitions. But as Yemen and with it Hadhramaut is further incorporated into regional and global economic patterns, many of its traditional occupations, materials and architectural forms are being abandoned.

If you travel to Hadhramaut you should visit the two cities of Shibam and Seyun, cities of melodious talk, breathtaking poetry, and unique architectural masterpieces. It is here, that the Hadhrami poet and song writer Hussein AboBakr AlMehdar wrote

Say hello or wave it by hand
Oh, princess of my heart
Take me slave and hold me in your possession
As you passed by on the festival day
You dazzled the whole procession
He who saw your beauty praised God for his make.
Had your eye seen what mine saw of her beauty

Read more HERE
source : 　www.buzzle.com


YEMEN Saijiki


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Things found on the way


Flooding worldwide in August 2010

Asia flooding : Pakistan, China, Korea
Rescuers searched Monday for an estimated 1,300 people left missing after rubble-strewn floodwaters tore through a remote corner of northwestern China, ...
In neighboring Pakistan, an estimated 4 million people faced food shortages amid their country's worst-ever flooding, while rescuers in Indian-controlled Kashmir raced to find 500 people still missing in flash floods that have killed 132. North Korea's state media said high waters destroyed thousands of homes and damaged crops.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100809/ap_on_re_as/as_asia_floods


Leh, Ladakh flash floods: Over 150 dead, 200 still missing
Due to the landslides, the Manali-Leh road is blocked at Patsio, Serchu and Pang. The Srinagar-Leh road is blocked at Kargil, Boodh Kharbu and Nimu.
For the survivors, the nightmare is only just beginning.
Read more at: http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/leh-150-dead-400-missing-relief-planes-for-stranded-tourists-42820?cp
http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/leh-150-dead-400-missing-relief-planes-for-stranded-tourists-42820


Flood situation turns critical in Germany, central Europe
Flooding brought on by strong rainfall in central Europe and a burst dam in Poland have caused widespread damage and the deaths of at least ten people in the area near the borders of Poland, Germany and the Czech Republic.
In the border town of Goerlitz, where almost 1,500 people had to be evacuated, water levels reached a record of 7.07 meters before falling back slightly on Sunday evening.
The eastern German states of Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg are now bracing for the arrival of flood waters.
http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5877059,00.html


Flooding in Pakistan
ISLAMABAD – The number of people suffering from the massive floods in Pakistan exceeds 13 million — more than the combined total of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the 2005 Kashmir earthquake and the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the United Nations said Monday.
The comparison helps frame the scale of the crisis, which the prime minister said Monday was the worst in Pakistan's history. It has overwhelmed the government, generating widespread anger from flood victims who have complained that aid is not reaching them quickly enough or at all.
One affected resident, Manzoor Ahmed, said Monday that although he managed to escape floods that submerged villages and destroyed homes in Sindh, the total lack of government help meant dying may have been a better alternative.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100809/ap_on_re_as/as_pakistan_floods




brown waters
the reaching hands
of thousands

Dawn Bruce, Australia


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HAIKU

洪水は去年のけふ也小夜砧
koozui wa kozo no kyoo nari sayo-ginuta

a year ago today
the flood -- pounding cloth
in the night
Tr. Chris Drake

This hokku is from the 28th of the 7th month (Sept. 13) of 1803.
A year earlier there was terrible flooding in many parts of Japan, and in greater Edo the low-lying area east of the Sumida River where Issa was staying was badly inundated, although the place where Issa was staying was not washed away. There was flooding throughout the 7th month in 1802, so 7/28 may be the memorial date of the worst part of a terrible series of floods. Perhaps there has been a requiem service held on this day at one or more temples in the area that weren't washed away.

On the night of the memorial day Issa hears one or several people in the area -- probably women -- using a round mallet to full or pound clothes washed and stretched on a wooden roller in order to soften the cloth. It is a hard, wet, smacking sound, and it carries in the autumn night, when darkness comes earlier and the work of beating cloth continues after nightfall. The sound has connotations of loneliness, sadness, and hard work, and tonight it also probably suggests that the people pounding piece after piece of cloth may be saying prayers for loved ones they lost in the flood a year earlier. Even with the losses they must have suffered they must go on and on, like the beat of their mallets.

In 1802, at the time of the big floods, Issa wrote several hokku about the floods, including this one:

tasuke-bune ni oya-ko ochioute hoshi-mukae

parents, children
reunited in a rescue boat
pray for star lovers

People in a family have been separated by the flood but are at last able to get together again in a rescue boat. It is 7/7, and tonight will be the Tanabata Festival in which the Weaving Woman star and the Oxherd star cross the Milky Way and meet for one night -- the only night they are able to meet each year. If it rains or is cloudy on this night, however, the lovers won't be able to meet, and it looks as if tonight there will only be more rain to add to the floodwaters, so in spite of their travails the members of the reunited family worry about the loneliness of the stars. During their short separation the family members suffered, and they -- especially the children? -- try to imagine the even greater suffering of the star lovers who've been waiting a year but must probably wait another. The family's prayers for clear skies by the time night comes don't look as though they have much chance of being answered.

Chris Drake

. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


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floodwater
rushes down the road -
a red slipper floats

floodwater rustles
as the cars cut through -
the air smells fishy

rush hour -
pedestrians soaking wet
from the heavy rain

Ao-Suzume, Manila, July 2008
Kigo Hotline

Amihan and Habagat Monsoon Philippines

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Related words

***** .. .. .. .. Rain in various KIGO (Japan)

***** Rainy Season (tsuyu) Japan


***** . Flood Prevention Parade 水防出初式
suiboo dezomeshiki 　
July 6 in Edo



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First Snow (hatsuyuki)

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First Snow (hatsuyuki)

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: Early or Mid-Winter
***** Category: Heavens

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Explanation


first snow, hatsu yuki 初雪
new snow, shinsetsu　新雪
first snow on a mountain top, hatsu kansetsu 初冠雪

First snow falls at various times according to the hight of the place and its Northern location, reaching from Okinawa to Hokkaido, from 4000 meters at Mt. Fuji to zero meters on the long coastline.




Look at our first snow while the red leaves are still on the branches.


More WINTER pictures here:
Winter in Ohaga, Japan

First Snow in 2005, on red leaves

First Snow in Ohaga, 2005 -

. First Snow in 2008 .

Gabi Greve

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First Snow on Mount Fuji, fuji no hatsuyuki
富士の初雪 ふじのはつゆき
kigo for mid-autumn


hatsuyuki no shirase arite fuji no yama

first snow
late on Mount Fuji ...
says the news

　©　Gabi Greve, 2007. With more Photos !




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Worldwide use

France

première neige
See below.

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Things found on the way

I don't think any of us had expected snow today, though the steps were slippery as I left my home this morning. By afternoon the air was full of white and by evening traffic moved slowly down white streets. As I walked up the hill my footsteps melted holes in the white, but the steps to my home were untouched, still slippery under the thick, cold blanket.


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First Snow, a brandname for ricewine !



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HAIKU

first snow
on the branches
dripping down

Michael Baribeau
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初雪や水仙の葉のたわむ迄　
hatsuyuki ya suisen no ha no tawamu made

The first snow,
Just enough to bend
The leaves of the daffodils

Takase Studios
http://www.takase.com/Haiku/Haiku.htm

The very first snow!
Up to where the leaves of the
daffodils do bend.

- Tr. James Karkoski - fb 2016 -


. Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉 .

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. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

初雪の底をたたけば竹の月
hatsu yuki no soko o tatakeba take no tsuki

Once the first snow
runs to the bottom of itself....
moon over bamboo.

'Soko o tataku" is an idiom that means "to run out of something that is within a container." It literally means "to hit the bottom of".
"Ba"'is a conjunctive particle that indicates an hypothetical situation, 'if...., when...., once....'

It's hard to imagine that there is another poet in any other language who has been able to manipulate time and space like Buson does in many of his haiku. In this haiku he has packed the past, the present and the future all into one. The first snow is falling and he talks about what the future will be after it by remember something in the past. I moved the last syllable of the first line to the second to keep the integrity of the line length together.
- Tr. James Karkoski - fb 2016 -

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. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

hatsu yuki ni kizo no taimatsu no hokori kana

in first snow
last night's pine torch
remnant

Kobayashi Issa

Issa uses the word hokori ("dust") in its older sense as "remnant": in the new-fallen snow he sees the charred remains of last night's torch. A nice example of both juxtaposition and seasonal mood in haiku.
See Kogo dai jiten (Shogakukan 1983) 1483.
http://webusers.xula.edu/dlanoue/issa/index.html

in first snow
the dog goes first...
two-penny bridge-

Issa, 1812
http://cat.xula.edu/issa/


はつ雪やといえば直ぐに三四尺
hatsu yuki ya to ieba sugu ni sanshi shaku

The year's first snowfall!
Speaking of which, it's already
a meter or more.

The year's first snowfall!
Speaking of which, it's already
at three feet or more.

'Shaku' is the measure of length the 30.3 centimeters.
'Sanshi' is '3 or 4'.

It is often said in Japan that Issa wrote senryū. The going definition of a what separates a haiku from a senryū is that if the sole purpose is to make the reader laugh then it is a senryū. There isn't any doubt that Issa was after a laugh here. Any Saijiki will tell you that 'first snow' is usually written about as being the kind of snow mixed with rain. Yet, here is Issa over exaggerating telling you that it is major blizzard that will leave more snow. Since I am an American, the second version with the 'feet' brings out the ridiculousness that the phrase 'speaking of which' buffers and makes me laugh more.

- Tr. James Karkoski - fb 2016 -

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初雪をじっと見ている窓辺の娘
hatsuyuki o jiito miteiru madobe no ko

A girl by the window
stares at the first snow
of the year

Nakai
http://web.kyoto-inet.or.jp/people/ahn01370/K/HC/lk3.html

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early snow ~
so much brighter
are the red leaves

last red leaves
bleeding
on early snow

Ed Schwellenbach

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Brussels November 26, 2005
by Isabelle Prondzynski

This week-end, we had heavy snowfall which continued for many hours -- unexpected at this time of year. Bicycle paths became unusable, rubbish remained uncollected, and our calligraphy exhibition was almost cancelled!

As I write, there is the drip-drip-drip of thawing slush in the street, a damp patch in the kitchen shows where there must be a fault in the gutter above, and my plants will spend another night on the balcony, as it does not look like frost.

Seasons mingled in an unusual way ... and here are the haiku, just for fun...

fresh snow
on street cafe tables --
bad for business

autumn leaves
fall on fresh snow --
a haiku rises


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A sequence from Daniel Py
(WHCfrench editor)

Neige / est si fine / première de l'année !
Sneeuw / o zo licht / de eerste van het jaar !

(in french and dutch; appeared in
Spreeuwenagenda 2000 Holland)

.....

More haiku about the first snow to fall in Paris,
at the end of November (26th) 2005

secouer les oreillers / par la fenêtre / la première neige

to shake the pillows
out the window -
first snow
>
> °°°
rentrer la jardinière / de géraniums / - première neige

bring inside
the window-box of geraniums -
first snow
>
> °°°
sur le balcon / restent seuls / racines et fossiles / - première
neige

on the balcony / only remain roots and fossils / - the first snow
>
> °°°
le compotier / regorgeant d'oranges / - première neige

the fruit-bowl
laden with oranges -
first snow


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Related words

***** Snow (yuki) Japan

***** Snowman (yuki Daruma) Japan (yuki-botoke)

***** First Things (hatsumono) in Japan


***** . Closing the North-Window 北窓塞ぐ kitamado fusagu .



. SAIJIKI - HEAVEN in all seasons 　

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