Flood, flooding (koozui)

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Flood, flooding (koozui)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Mid-autumn and see below
***** Category: Earth

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Explanation

Since floods mostly happen in autumn with the typhoons, the main kigo is for mid-autumn. For spring, you have to add the word "SPRING".


flood, koozui 洪水（こうずい）
"inquiry after the water situation" 水見舞（みずみまい）
mimai is a word also used for visit in a hospital or a seasonal greating.


autumn floods, aki demizu 秋出水 (あきでみず)


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kigo for mid-spring

spring floods, haru demizu 春出水 (はるでみず)

flood in spring, haru no koozui 春の洪水（はるのこうずい）


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Floods in Asia are often related to the
Monsoon ..(India, South Asia)



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Worldwide use


Ghana

In my country (Ghana) the floods start in July.

Fredua-Agyeman Nana

GHANA Saijiki


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Kenya

flooding
kigo for the long and short rainy season

KENYA Saijiki


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Philippines

Floods come during the onset of the rainy season in July until October.

Haiku see below.

PHILIPPINES Saijiki

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Trinidad and Tobago


There is acute flooding during the August September months during the Wet Season, these are the months when there are likely Tropical Atlantic storms also.
source : Gillena Cox



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Yemen

Floods caused by monsoon rain/-time; july-august.

I just came back from Du'an - a green valley in Hadhramaut with flood water irrigation. Du'an is not only the name of the most famous river in Hadhramaut - also for a group of villages. I visited Chourejba for one week.


flood water -
Duan's palm grove
a paddy

Heike Gewi, Yemen

quote
The Wadis of Hadhramaut

Legend maintains that Hadramaut`s history begins with the Flood
and that once upon the time, the area was inhabited by giants. Today, the area, together with the south coast and Aden, constitutes one of the great and extraordinary regions of Yemen. It covers an extensive area of varied landscape, from the coastlands of the Indian Ocean, through a complex series of valleys, to the southern edge of the Rub AlKhali desert. It includes a massive and magnificent wadi system, probably one of the largest in the Arabian Peninsula, which runs for about 160 km west to east with numerous tributary valleys, such as Wadi Doan, Amd, AlAin, Sark, Bin Ali, and Idm, and an easterly extension into the less fertile Wadi Masila.

Due to elaborate irrigation systems, the land is covered with green vegetation, groves and trees. Irrigation both by control of the twice yearly seasonal floods and, especially, from wells, is carefully managed. Vast areas of date-palm trees grow alongside wheat, vegetables, dates and tobacco. The Hadhramis live in densely built towns along the traditional watering stations of the wadis. Here they harvest crops of wheat, millet, tend dates and coconut groves, and grow some coffee.

The Hadhrami architectural history represents a dialogue between cultures both within and outside. Yemen`s diverse built environment has remained vibrant in the face of recent transitions. But as Yemen and with it Hadhramaut is further incorporated into regional and global economic patterns, many of its traditional occupations, materials and architectural forms are being abandoned.

If you travel to Hadhramaut you should visit the two cities of Shibam and Seyun, cities of melodious talk, breathtaking poetry, and unique architectural masterpieces. It is here, that the Hadhrami poet and song writer Hussein AboBakr AlMehdar wrote

Say hello or wave it by hand
Oh, princess of my heart
Take me slave and hold me in your possession
As you passed by on the festival day
You dazzled the whole procession
He who saw your beauty praised God for his make.
Had your eye seen what mine saw of her beauty

Read more HERE
source : 　www.buzzle.com


YEMEN Saijiki


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Things found on the way


Flooding worldwide in August 2010

Asia flooding : Pakistan, China, Korea
Rescuers searched Monday for an estimated 1,300 people left missing after rubble-strewn floodwaters tore through a remote corner of northwestern China, ...
In neighboring Pakistan, an estimated 4 million people faced food shortages amid their country's worst-ever flooding, while rescuers in Indian-controlled Kashmir raced to find 500 people still missing in flash floods that have killed 132. North Korea's state media said high waters destroyed thousands of homes and damaged crops.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100809/ap_on_re_as/as_asia_floods


Leh, Ladakh flash floods: Over 150 dead, 200 still missing
Due to the landslides, the Manali-Leh road is blocked at Patsio, Serchu and Pang. The Srinagar-Leh road is blocked at Kargil, Boodh Kharbu and Nimu.
For the survivors, the nightmare is only just beginning.
Read more at: http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/leh-150-dead-400-missing-relief-planes-for-stranded-tourists-42820?cp
http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/leh-150-dead-400-missing-relief-planes-for-stranded-tourists-42820


Flood situation turns critical in Germany, central Europe
Flooding brought on by strong rainfall in central Europe and a burst dam in Poland have caused widespread damage and the deaths of at least ten people in the area near the borders of Poland, Germany and the Czech Republic.
In the border town of Goerlitz, where almost 1,500 people had to be evacuated, water levels reached a record of 7.07 meters before falling back slightly on Sunday evening.
The eastern German states of Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg are now bracing for the arrival of flood waters.
http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5877059,00.html


Flooding in Pakistan
ISLAMABAD – The number of people suffering from the massive floods in Pakistan exceeds 13 million — more than the combined total of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, the 2005 Kashmir earthquake and the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the United Nations said Monday.
The comparison helps frame the scale of the crisis, which the prime minister said Monday was the worst in Pakistan's history. It has overwhelmed the government, generating widespread anger from flood victims who have complained that aid is not reaching them quickly enough or at all.
One affected resident, Manzoor Ahmed, said Monday that although he managed to escape floods that submerged villages and destroyed homes in Sindh, the total lack of government help meant dying may have been a better alternative.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100809/ap_on_re_as/as_pakistan_floods




brown waters
the reaching hands
of thousands

Dawn Bruce, Australia


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HAIKU

洪水は去年のけふ也小夜砧
koozui wa kozo no kyoo nari sayo-ginuta

a year ago today
the flood -- pounding cloth
in the night
Tr. Chris Drake

This hokku is from the 28th of the 7th month (Sept. 13) of 1803.
A year earlier there was terrible flooding in many parts of Japan, and in greater Edo the low-lying area east of the Sumida River where Issa was staying was badly inundated, although the place where Issa was staying was not washed away. There was flooding throughout the 7th month in 1802, so 7/28 may be the memorial date of the worst part of a terrible series of floods. Perhaps there has been a requiem service held on this day at one or more temples in the area that weren't washed away.

On the night of the memorial day Issa hears one or several people in the area -- probably women -- using a round mallet to full or pound clothes washed and stretched on a wooden roller in order to soften the cloth. It is a hard, wet, smacking sound, and it carries in the autumn night, when darkness comes earlier and the work of beating cloth continues after nightfall. The sound has connotations of loneliness, sadness, and hard work, and tonight it also probably suggests that the people pounding piece after piece of cloth may be saying prayers for loved ones they lost in the flood a year earlier. Even with the losses they must have suffered they must go on and on, like the beat of their mallets.

In 1802, at the time of the big floods, Issa wrote several hokku about the floods, including this one:

tasuke-bune ni oya-ko ochioute hoshi-mukae

parents, children
reunited in a rescue boat
pray for star lovers

People in a family have been separated by the flood but are at last able to get together again in a rescue boat. It is 7/7, and tonight will be the Tanabata Festival in which the Weaving Woman star and the Oxherd star cross the Milky Way and meet for one night -- the only night they are able to meet each year. If it rains or is cloudy on this night, however, the lovers won't be able to meet, and it looks as if tonight there will only be more rain to add to the floodwaters, so in spite of their travails the members of the reunited family worry about the loneliness of the stars. During their short separation the family members suffered, and they -- especially the children? -- try to imagine the even greater suffering of the star lovers who've been waiting a year but must probably wait another. The family's prayers for clear skies by the time night comes don't look as though they have much chance of being answered.

Chris Drake

. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


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floodwater
rushes down the road -
a red slipper floats

floodwater rustles
as the cars cut through -
the air smells fishy

rush hour -
pedestrians soaking wet
from the heavy rain

Ao-Suzume, Manila, July 2008
Kigo Hotline

Amihan and Habagat Monsoon Philippines

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Related words

***** .. .. .. .. Rain in various KIGO (Japan)

***** Rainy Season (tsuyu) Japan


***** . Flood Prevention Parade 水防出初式
suiboo dezomeshiki 　
July 6 in Edo



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First Snow (hatsuyuki)

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First Snow (hatsuyuki)

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: Early or Mid-Winter
***** Category: Heavens

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Explanation


first snow, hatsu yuki 初雪
new snow, shinsetsu　新雪
first snow on a mountain top, hatsu kansetsu 初冠雪

First snow falls at various times according to the hight of the place and its Northern location, reaching from Okinawa to Hokkaido, from 4000 meters at Mt. Fuji to zero meters on the long coastline.




Look at our first snow while the red leaves are still on the branches.


More WINTER pictures here:
Winter in Ohaga, Japan

First Snow in 2005, on red leaves

First Snow in Ohaga, 2005 -

. First Snow in 2008 .

Gabi Greve

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First Snow on Mount Fuji, fuji no hatsuyuki
富士の初雪 ふじのはつゆき
kigo for mid-autumn


hatsuyuki no shirase arite fuji no yama

first snow
late on Mount Fuji ...
says the news

　©　Gabi Greve, 2007. With more Photos !




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Worldwide use

France

première neige
See below.

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Things found on the way

I don't think any of us had expected snow today, though the steps were slippery as I left my home this morning. By afternoon the air was full of white and by evening traffic moved slowly down white streets. As I walked up the hill my footsteps melted holes in the white, but the steps to my home were untouched, still slippery under the thick, cold blanket.


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First Snow, a brandname for ricewine !



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HAIKU

first snow
on the branches
dripping down

Michael Baribeau
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初雪や水仙の葉のたわむ迄　
hatsuyuki ya suisen no ha no tawamu made

The first snow,
Just enough to bend
The leaves of the daffodils

Takase Studios
http://www.takase.com/Haiku/Haiku.htm

The very first snow!
Up to where the leaves of the
daffodils do bend.

- Tr. James Karkoski - fb 2016 -


. Matsuo Basho　松尾芭蕉 .

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. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

初雪の底をたたけば竹の月
hatsu yuki no soko o tatakeba take no tsuki

Once the first snow
runs to the bottom of itself....
moon over bamboo.

'Soko o tataku" is an idiom that means "to run out of something that is within a container." It literally means "to hit the bottom of".
"Ba"'is a conjunctive particle that indicates an hypothetical situation, 'if...., when...., once....'

It's hard to imagine that there is another poet in any other language who has been able to manipulate time and space like Buson does in many of his haiku. In this haiku he has packed the past, the present and the future all into one. The first snow is falling and he talks about what the future will be after it by remember something in the past. I moved the last syllable of the first line to the second to keep the integrity of the line length together.
- Tr. James Karkoski - fb 2016 -

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. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

hatsu yuki ni kizo no taimatsu no hokori kana

in first snow
last night's pine torch
remnant

Kobayashi Issa

Issa uses the word hokori ("dust") in its older sense as "remnant": in the new-fallen snow he sees the charred remains of last night's torch. A nice example of both juxtaposition and seasonal mood in haiku.
See Kogo dai jiten (Shogakukan 1983) 1483.
http://webusers.xula.edu/dlanoue/issa/index.html

in first snow
the dog goes first...
two-penny bridge-

Issa, 1812
http://cat.xula.edu/issa/


はつ雪やといえば直ぐに三四尺
hatsu yuki ya to ieba sugu ni sanshi shaku

The year's first snowfall!
Speaking of which, it's already
a meter or more.

The year's first snowfall!
Speaking of which, it's already
at three feet or more.

'Shaku' is the measure of length the 30.3 centimeters.
'Sanshi' is '3 or 4'.

It is often said in Japan that Issa wrote senryū. The going definition of a what separates a haiku from a senryū is that if the sole purpose is to make the reader laugh then it is a senryū. There isn't any doubt that Issa was after a laugh here. Any Saijiki will tell you that 'first snow' is usually written about as being the kind of snow mixed with rain. Yet, here is Issa over exaggerating telling you that it is major blizzard that will leave more snow. Since I am an American, the second version with the 'feet' brings out the ridiculousness that the phrase 'speaking of which' buffers and makes me laugh more.

- Tr. James Karkoski - fb 2016 -

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初雪をじっと見ている窓辺の娘
hatsuyuki o jiito miteiru madobe no ko

A girl by the window
stares at the first snow
of the year

Nakai
http://web.kyoto-inet.or.jp/people/ahn01370/K/HC/lk3.html

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early snow ~
so much brighter
are the red leaves

last red leaves
bleeding
on early snow

Ed Schwellenbach

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Brussels November 26, 2005
by Isabelle Prondzynski

This week-end, we had heavy snowfall which continued for many hours -- unexpected at this time of year. Bicycle paths became unusable, rubbish remained uncollected, and our calligraphy exhibition was almost cancelled!

As I write, there is the drip-drip-drip of thawing slush in the street, a damp patch in the kitchen shows where there must be a fault in the gutter above, and my plants will spend another night on the balcony, as it does not look like frost.

Seasons mingled in an unusual way ... and here are the haiku, just for fun...

fresh snow
on street cafe tables --
bad for business

autumn leaves
fall on fresh snow --
a haiku rises


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A sequence from Daniel Py
(WHCfrench editor)

Neige / est si fine / première de l'année !
Sneeuw / o zo licht / de eerste van het jaar !

(in french and dutch; appeared in
Spreeuwenagenda 2000 Holland)

.....

More haiku about the first snow to fall in Paris,
at the end of November (26th) 2005

secouer les oreillers / par la fenêtre / la première neige

to shake the pillows
out the window -
first snow
>
> °°°
rentrer la jardinière / de géraniums / - première neige

bring inside
the window-box of geraniums -
first snow
>
> °°°
sur le balcon / restent seuls / racines et fossiles / - première
neige

on the balcony / only remain roots and fossils / - the first snow
>
> °°°
le compotier / regorgeant d'oranges / - première neige

the fruit-bowl
laden with oranges -
first snow


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Related words

***** Snow (yuki) Japan

***** Snowman (yuki Daruma) Japan (yuki-botoke)

***** First Things (hatsumono) in Japan


***** . Closing the North-Window 北窓塞ぐ kitamado fusagu .



. SAIJIKI - HEAVEN in all seasons 　

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First Dream (hatsu-yume)

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First Dream (hatsuyume)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

First Dream, hatsu-yume　初夢 Erster Traum
Pillow with a picture of a tapir under it (see below) baku-makura 獏枕



First waking up, hatsu-nezame 初寝覚め

sleeping during New Year holidays
寝正月 (ねしょうがつ) neshoogatsu, ne-shoogatsu


ine tsumu 稲積む いねつむ "picking rice" = sleeping long..... ine tsumu 寝積む（いねつむ）
..... ine aguru 寝挙ぐる（いねあぐる）

This is a pun with the sound of INE い（寝）ぬ, to sleep.

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Hatsuyume (初夢)
is the Japanese word for the first dream had in the new year. Traditionally, the contents of the dream would fortell the luck of the dreamer in the ensuing year. In Japan, the night of December 31 was often passed without sleeping, thus the hatsuyume was often the dream seen the night of January 1. This explains why January 2 (the day after the night of the "first dream") is known as Hatsuyume in the traditional Japanese calendar.

It is considered to be particularly good luck to dream of Mount Fuji, a hawk, and an eggplant. This belief has been in place since the early Edo period but there are various theories regarding the origins as to why this particular combination was considered to be auspicious.

One theory suggests that this combination is lucky because Mount Fuji is Japan's highest mountain, the hawk is a clever and strong bird, and the word for eggplant (nasu or nasubi 茄子) suggests achieving something great (nasu 成す). Another theory suggests that this combination arose because Mount Fuji, falconry, and early eggplants were favorites of the shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Although this superstition is well known in Japan, often memorized in the form Ichi-Fuji, Ni-Taka, San-Nasubi (一富士、二鷹、三茄子 / 1. Fuji, 2. Hawk, 3. Eggplant), the continuation of the list is not as well known.

The continuation is as follows: Yon-Sen, Go-Tabako, Roku-Zatō (四扇、五煙草、六座頭 - 4. Fan, 5. Tobacco, 6. Blind Musician). The origins of this trio are less well known and it is unclear whether they were added after the original three or whether the list of six originated at the same time.

The first coming together of a loving couple on the night of January 2 is called
"First Princess", "Hime Hajime　姫初め" and sometimes used in senryu.
©　Quote from the WIKIPEDIA


The best view of Mount Fuji is from 三保松原 Miho no Matsubara in Shizuoka.
There were also the eggplants grown and brought to Ieyasu as an offering of "hatsumono", first things of the season.
The special round eggplants grew well in the volcanic soil of this area.


Orido nasu 折戸ナス Eggplants from Orido

During the Edo period, the eggplant was quite small, but now grown in hothouses, they get big and delicious.

- reference : buratamori NHK 2018 -


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Lucky Dream for the New Year: Mount Fuji, Falcon and Eggplants
Suzuki Harunobu (1725–1770)

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白隠慧鶴「一冨士二鷹三なすび」 Painting by HAKUIN
Fuji, Hawk and Eggplant


©　www.mainichi-art.co.jp

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Remembering one's dream during the first three days of the New Year is important in Japan.
There are various explanations as to why Mt. Fuji, the hawk and the eggplant are considered auspicious items to dream about.

The first dream of the New Year (generally on January 2nd since people often stay up all day New Year's Day) is regarded as an omen about how the rest of the year will go. The belief goes back at least as far as the fourth century because a historical document refers to a this type of dream by Emperor Suinin.

The three best dreams you can have, in order, are about Mount Fuji, hawks and eggplants. Mount Fuji is the tallest mountain in Japan and is considered sacred. Hawks refer to another mountain called Ashitaka that is about half as tall as Mount Fuji. The eggplants, oddly enough, were added to the list to poke fun at high prices in ancient Japan.
http://www.bookmice.net/darkchilde/japan/jjan.html

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The first dream of the new year is supposed to foreshadow one's fortunes for the next twelve months. Dreams of Mt.Fuji, a hawk or an eggplant are considered auspicious, because all three of them were said to be high: Fuji being high in altitude, hawks high in flight, and the price of eggplants extaordinarily high when this tradition began 400 years ago.
http://www8.plala.or.jp/y-naka/jiten-h.html

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To induce an auspicious dream, you put a picture of this object under your pillow.
Symbolism about the three items:

Fuji .. Buji ... safty, to stay safe
Taka(hawk) .. takaku ... higher
Nasu (eggplant)...nasu ..to do well




Isoda Koryuusai (act.1764-1788) Koryusai
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

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To dream about the Seven Gods of Good Luck (shichi fukujin) was also considered auspicious. Visiting the temples of these gods (shichi fukujin mairi) was a practise during the New Year Holidays.

On New Years Eve the deities enter port on a takarabune (treasure ship) to bring happiness to everyone. Tradition says that sleeping with a picture of the shichifukujin aboard the takarabune under your pillow on January first ensures your first dream of the New Year will be a lucky one. Maybe the dreamer will even end up in seventh heaven.

More information about these gods
http://www.onmarkproductions.com/html/seven.shtml

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MORE：
DREAM used in Kigo

yumemi zuki, 夢見月（ゆめみづき）month of seeing dreams
kigo for late spring
the lunar month of yayoi.


haru no yume, 春の夢 (はるのゆめ) dream in spring
kigo for all spring


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Worldwide use

kiss on the forehead ~
my little girl asks blessings
for a good dream

- Shared by Sarbjit Singh Khaira -
Joys of Japan, August 2012


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Things found on the way


clay bells with the three symbols of the first dream
Aichi, Nagoya Toshogu Shrine 名古屋東照宮 初夢土鈴

. Folk art from Aichi .


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HAIKU

Dream　夢 haiku by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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Mt Fuji's picture
under my pillow
thinking to eat eggplant

Etsuko Yanagibori
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/cherrypoetryclub/message/21261

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his first dream
of the new year
a labyrint

dreaming of her -
Playboy magazine
under his pillow

Geert Verbeke
Read more of his first dreams here:
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2004/01/friends-geert-verbeke.html

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2012 - Year of the Dragon

初夢や辰の上に立つ富士の山
hatsu yume ya tatsu no ue ni tatsu Fuji no Yama

first dream -
a dragon at the foot
of Mount Fuji

. Gabi Greve, January 2012 .


first dream of the year
on a grassy moor wondering
which way Basho went

Abigail Friedman


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Related words

***** More Japanese kigo of Daily Life
in the New Year Season:
http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/06/first-things.html



***** Tapir Pillow, baku makura 獏枕


source :　www.iroha.to

What do you do if you have a nightmare or a dream about being poor during the first three days of the New Year? You put the picture of a tapir under your pillow. A tapir (baku) is said to eat bad dreams and therefore especially helpful during this season.

Here is another picture of the pillow in form of a tapir


The BAKU is not a living animal of Japan, but during the Edo period became known through the talk of travellers. Pure imagination painted this fabulous BAKU, later identified as a tapir.

Facts about the BAKU
by Mark Schumacher


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yume makura omamori 夢枕お守り
amulet for a good dream

yumemakura, yume makura　夢枕 "dream pillow"





from the shrine Tsumagoi Jinja 嬬恋神社 in Tokyo
source :　kotaro zonu

It is a set for the New Year, with the Seven Gods of Good Luck in the Treasure Boat on one and the Tsurukame Crane and Turtoise for long life on the other.
The Treasure Boat hangs outside of the entrance to lure in Good Luck, the Tsurukame hangs in the sleeping room.
If for some reason the first dream of the year was not auspicious, you could float the paper with the boat down the river and get rid of the bad luck this way.
The woodblock for these prints dates back to the Edo period and has been treasured over many years.

. Amulets and Talismans from Japan .　


. yumemakura 夢枕
legends about makuragami 枕神 "god of the pillow" .


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first dream . . .
the images frozen
on my pillow

The New Year started with quite a cold spell ...

Gabi Greve, January 2010



. makura 　枕　（まくら)　pillow and haiku 　


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. yumemizuki 夢見月（ゆめみづき）month to see dreams 　
kigo for late spring


. Sleep and Dream in Spring Kigo 　




. Takarabune with the seven gods of good luck .
宝船と七福神


kigo for the New Year

takarabune 宝船 (たからぶね) treasure ship
takarabune shiku 宝船敷く（たからぶねしく）placing a treasure ship (under the pillow)
takarabune shiki ne 宝船敷き寝（たからぶねしきね）


takarabune uri 宝船売（たからぶねうり）
vendor of treasure ships

They were very popular in Edo and even walked through the pleasure quarters.



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KENYA

. All kinds of dreams, March 2012 .

Winners from the Shiki Monthly Kukai
. Shiki Monthly Kukai, March 2012 .


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. Legends from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

legends to explore
獏 - 03
バク - 06
- source : nichibun yokai database -


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. Dreams and Nightmares .


[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
- #hatsuyume #eggplant #fujisan #hawk -
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February

[ . BACK to Worldkigo TOP . ]
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February (nigatsu 二月）

***** Location: Worldwide
***** Season: Early Spring
***** Category: Season

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Explanation

nigatsu - the second lunar month

Haiku nigatsu in the Edo period relates to the climate of present-day March,
but some festivals are dated in our present-day February.

. Names of Japanese months and their meanings .


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February - Footsteps of Spring
Nigatsu 二月

Spring is believed to start on about February 4th, which is said to be the first day of spring. Even if we hear only the sound of the word haru (spring), we become happy and have great expectations for the coming days,though the temperature of this month is still low and it remains the coldness of winter.

　We feel excited to hear the word harusamu (cold spring), even if it is cold. But the word yokan (the lingering cold of early spring) emphasizes the coldness of winter which is lingering on. As the snow begins to melt and the ice is getting thinner and thinner, the workings of animals and plants become active as shown by seasonal word neko-no-koi (a cat in heat).

Such seasonal words as shirauo (whitebait, icefish), wakasagi (pondsmelt), erisasu (a kind of fishing device put up in the water) are the good examples which show the relationship between the human beings and these fishes. For people have been related to fish which begin to be active in spring and have lived through the means of fishing. And also in this season there start noyaki and yamayaki (burning the withered grass of the field or the mountain to vitalize) every place in the country.

　People feel like to be released from the closed winter life, which makes them open the windows and go out.

　Everyone feels the revival of life and is filled with joy,looking the scenes in which nekoyanagi (pussy willow), crocuses, katakuri (flower of dogtooth), yukiwarisou (mealy primrose), fuki-no-tou (butterbur sprout) are glittering in the sun of early spring. It is not too much to say that people have been admiring ume-no-hana (ume flower) the best since the old days. Being not only noble and beautiful but also sweet-scented, ume-no-hana, which is the first to bloom in spring, has been composed in many poems as the symbol of early spring. By seeing ume flowers, perhaps the Japanese people feel the footsteps of spring close to them.
Inahata Teiko
http://www.kyoshi.or.jp/12month/12month-2.htm

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Photo by Gabi Greve

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kigo for early spring

nigatsu jin 二月尽 (にがつじん)
second month comes to an end
..... nigatsu hatsu 二月果つ（にがつはつ）
..... nigatsu tsuku 二月尽く（にがつつく）
..... nigatsu owaru 二月終る（にがつおわる）
..... nigatsu yuku 二月逝く（にがつゆく） second month is going


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Japan in February

. February 3rd or 4th: Setsubun .
Japan is a country with four separate seasons and the term setsubun originally referred to the days marking the change from one season to the next but now only the day before risshun is called by that name.

On the night of setsubun many households perform mame-maki, or a bean-throwing ceremony. They fill a small measuring cup with roasted soybeans and throw the beans around the room shouting Oni wa soto! Fuku wa uchi!" which means, roughly, "out with the goblins and in with fortune!" They also open windows and throw beans outside.
When they are done with that they then eat the same number of beans as their age which supposedly will allow them to be free of sickens during the coming year.


. February 4th or 5th: Risshun .
Risshun is the first day of spring in the traditional Japanese calendar. No special events are held on this day, though.
The time between the end of January and Risshun is generally the coldest time of the year.

. February 8: Hari-kuyoo for needles .
This is the day when Buddhist masses are sung for needles broken during the past year since it is thought that the needles' lives were sacrificed in service.
A small three-step altar is set up and hung with a sacred rope and strips of cut white paper which indicate a sanctified area. On the top step are offerings of fruit and sweet cakes. On the middle step is a cake of tofu and on the bottom step are various sewing accessories.

February 11: National Foundation Day
This originates in a celebration marking the enthronement of the first Japanese emperor, Emperor Jimmu. After World War II the holiday was abolished, basically for political reasons, but it was reestablished in 1966 due to popular support.


February 14: Valentine’s Day
Valentine's Day differs considerably from our Western version. In the west boys and men give their girlfriends/wives/etc. boxes of chocolate and/or flowers.
In Japan, on the other hand, it is the females who give the chocolates.
There are also two types of giving. One is honmei chocolate which is given to true sweethearts of the girls and there is "giri" or obligation chocolate given to male classmates, colleagues at work and friends.

. February 16: Bonden.
This is at the Asahiokayama-jinja Shrine , Yokote-shi, Akita.
Special shrine decorations called bonden, each carried by 20 to 30 young men are taken to a shrine for consecration. Rival groups shake and spin the bonden and compete to become the first group to set them in place.
The bonden consists of three meter long poles wound with cloths of five different colors and some form of decoration at the top.
Another BONDEN is at Izuyama-jinja Shrine, Omagari-shi, Akita.

February 21, nearest Sunday to this date
. O-Taue-Matsuri (御田植祭) .
at Kagami-tsukuri-jinja Shrine, Taramoto-cho, Nara. Another rice-planting festival with its own special dance.

http://www.bookmice.net/darkchilde/japan/jfeb.html


Japanese Festivals of all months
January .. .. February .. .. March .. .. April .. .. May .. .. June .. .. July .. .. August .. .. September .. .. October .. .. November .. .. December
http://www.bookmice.net/darkchilde/japan/jfestival.html

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Worldwide use

Southern Hemisphere, Tropics ...
Adjustments for each region must be made.

Calendar reference kigo

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Quotes ... Links ... References ... Chores

Compiled by Michael P. Garofalo
http://www.egreenway.com/months/monfeb.htm


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Things found on the way

The name February is believed to have derived from the name 'Februa' taken from the Roman 'Festival of Purification'. The root 'februo' meaningto 'I purify by sacrifice'. As part of the seasonal calendar February is the time of the 'Ice Moon' according to Pagan beliefs, and the period described as the 'Moon of the Dark Red Calf' by Black Elk. February has also been known as 'Sprout-kale' by the Anglo-Saxons in relation to the time the kale and cabbage was edible
- Mystical WWW

If apples were pears
And peaches were plums
And the rose had a different name.
If tigers were bears
And fingers were thumbs
I'd love you just the same.
Valentine's Day Songs and Poems

February Photos Collection
http://www.acclaimimages.com/search_terms/february.html

February Calendar & Holidays worldwide

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HAIKU



February ends -
snowflakes fly to the earth
hugging each other

Haiku by Origa (Olga Hooper)
Haiga by Nakamura Sakuo

Russian:

конец февраля ...
снежинки летят к земле
обнявшись
http://www.livejournal.com/users/origa/2004/04/28/

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Wishing and wanting
to see you,
I step on thin ice.

Madoka Mayuzumi
http://www.egreenway.com/months/monfeb.htm


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February haiku
by Victor P. Gendrano
http://www.geocities.com/vgendrano/febhaiku.html

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Haiku from February 2003
by Gary Warner

yesterday's paper
frozen in a puddle
Groundhog's Day

http://www.haikuworld.org/gary/feb2003.gar.html

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Aozora haiku publication : February 2003
Editor : Jasminka Nadaskic Diordievic, and submissions (s)
http://www.tempslibres.org/aozora/en/hpub/pub0302.html


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Related words

***** Calendar reference kigo

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still feeling cold, remaining cold, yokan 余寒 (よかん)
lingering cold, nokoru samusa 残る寒さ（のこるさむさ）
. COLD kigo for spring .


. . . . SPRING
the complete SAIJIKI


. WKD : February - KIGO CALENDAR .

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO　　TOP . ]

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Fan (oogi and uchiwa)

[ . BACK to Worldkigo TOP . ]
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Fan (oogi 扇　- uchiwa　団扇）

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: All Summer and others, see below
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

hand fan, folding fan, oogi 扇
folding fan, sensu 扇子
white fan, hakusen 白扇
fan with a picture, e-oogi　絵扇

kinu oogi 絹扇（きぬおうぎ）hand fan from silk
kooogi, ko-oogi 小扇（こおうぎ）small folding fan
furuoogi, furu-oogi 古扇（ふるおうぎ）old folding fan
oogitsukai 扇使い（おうぎつかい）user of a folding fan

oogiuri, oori-uri 扇売（おうぎうり）vendor of folding fans
oogiten 扇店（おうぎてん） shop selling folding fans

suehiro 末広（すえひろ）"to fold out", an opened folding fan
auspicious play of words with something lasting for a long time

oogi no kaname 扇の要（おうぎのかなめ） rivet of a fan






The hand fan, folding fan is often used as a prop in Japanese traditional dance, kabuki and no performances and comes in many forms and varieties. Since its original purpose is to bring some cool air to the person, it is used as a kigo for summer.
The sight of a mother fanning her baby with a round fan (uchiwa) is still a very sweet memory of the good old times.
The impregnated fan was impregnated with the juice of the persimmon (shibugaki). Nowadays they are coated with plastic and used as commercials at summer festivals.

A white fan could later be painted by a friend or famous person. To get such a present is quite an honour and you can display such a fan with a special stand in your home.

The culture of using fans is quite old, since the Japanese summer can be quite hot and humid and even a little breeze could be a refreshment.

uchiwa, see below

Gabi Greve


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observance kigo for early summer

mooka no jun 孟夏の旬 (もうかのじゅん)
"ritual of the first summer"
..... oogi o tamau 初夏 扇を賜う（おうぎをたまう） giving away fans
..... oogi no hai 扇の拝（おうぎのはい） "audience with fans"

Court ceremony on the first day of the fourth month (of the lunar calendar), dating back to the Heian period.
After the banquet, the emperor gives away hand fans to the participants.
During the coming hot summer months, ogi were put into a box (yanai bako やないばこ【柳筥】) made of willow tree wood, so the fans could be freely used.

moo 孟 siginifies the beginning of a season.




庭の余花扇の拝に罷(まか)り出づ

Aoki Getto 青木月斗


. . . . .


. ooginagashi 扇流し（おうぎながし）floating handfans
Ogi nagashi during the Mifune Festival in Kyoto
Mifune matsuri 三船祭



.SAIJIKI ... OBSERVANCES, FESTIVALS
Kigo for Summer 　


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The following copy from a store in Kyoto selling fans will give you an impression of the long and detailed cultural value of a simple thing like a hand fan.

In addition to fans for cooling yourself in the hot weather, there is a great variety of traditional Japanese folding fans which are used for ceremonial occasions, traditional drama and dance performances, and also used decoratively.

*Shimai-sen(ougi)　　



There are five different styles and schools (called Nougaku-goryu) in Noh performance, the oldest Japanese form of drama, and each school uses its own distinct type of fans, which differ in framework shape and engravings. The paintings on fans also vary according to the Noh school: Kanzemizu (flowing water) is for the Kanze school, Mitsugumo (three clouds) for the Kita school, Itsutsugumo (five clouds) for the Houshou school, Gosei (five stars) for the Konparu school, and Kuyousei (nine stars) for the Kongou school.

*Mai-sen　　(See the link quoted below to look at the sample)
Used in Japanese traditional dance performances. Mai-sen take several different forms:Ryugi-mono (Featuring the symbol of each dance school).Muryu (No symbol printed, so usable by all schools.)Butai-mono (Used in stage performances, with the design depending on the program of dance and music to be performed.)

*Natsu-sen　　
This kind of fan is generally about 23 cm in size for the men's version, with a smaller type for women, usually about 20 cm across. A great variety of Natsu-sen have developed over the years: some have curved main frameworks to go well with kimono, or are made by pasting silk on a framework instead of paper, or by pasting washi (Japanese traditional paper) and silk together on the framework.

*Byakudan-sen　　
These fans are made of sandalwood, and keep their unique fragrance of sandalwood for a long time. This fan is usually made by binding thin plates of sandalwood with strings in the same way as the hi-ougi (described below), or by pasting washi on a sandalwood framework.

*Chaseki-sen　　
A fan for taking to the tea ceremony. The size is generally about 15 cm for women and about 18 cm across for men. Decorated with a variety of designs, including passages quoted from the 100 poems about the rules of preparing and serving tea by Rikyu, the founder of the Japanese tea ceremony; emblems of the Sen-ke school, founded by Rikyu, or symbols of flowers and sweets suitable for the tea ceremony.

*Shikifuku-sen (for formal ceremonies)　　
Shu-u-gi-sen fans are formally exchanged between a man and woman at meetings with a view to marriage, or used in wedding ceremonies. There are two types of Shu-u-gi-sen for men: a traditional hoso-hone Haku-sen type (thin-framework white fan), and a type for use with Western dress suits. Mourning fans are dark gray with a black-colored framework and are used only at funerals.

*Kazari-sen (Decorative fans)　　
Decorating your alcove or wall with this type of fan creates a distinctly Japanese mood. Fans with India-ink paintings or drawings make very good gifts.

*Hi-ougi (traditional ceremony fans)　　



Made by binding thin strips of Japanese cypress with silk strings. A very classical Japanese fan, now mainly used in Buddhist temples, Shinto shrines, or in traditional ceremonies at the Imperial Court. The hi-ougi for Buddhist or Shinto priests is not decorated with paintings and has no accessories, but those for court ladies or used in the Urayashi-mai (Japanese traditional court dances) are very richly colorful and have accessories, such as decorative flowers and five-color fringes.

*Chu-u-kei, Bonbori and Onatsu-sen　　
Ceremonial fans for monks. The chu-u-kei is a fan whose head part is wider than its grip part when folded. A bonbori is a simplified form of chu-u-kei and is mainly used by Buddhist missionaries. The onatsu-sen was designed as a daily-use fan and its head part is unfolded to only about half the size of a chu-u-kei.

*Mame-sen, small fans for dolls　　
Fans for dolls. The size is between about 3 - 9 cm. Selectable according to the type of doll.

http://www.kyosendo.co.jp/english/shurui_frm-e.html


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Picture of a round fan, Uchiwa
http://homepage2.nifty.com/hyousube/so66.htm

A whole page with samples of round fans.
http://homepage2.nifty.com/hyousube/oki5.htm

For Children
http://homepage2.nifty.com/hyousube/oki4.htm


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kigo for early summer

uchiwa maki 団扇撒 (うちわまき) "scattering fans"
..... bonmoo-e 梵網会（ぼんもうえ)

At Temple Toshodai-Ji 唐招提寺 on the 19th of may, the death anniversary of the temple founder Ganjin 鑑真和尚.
Small insects are driven out from under mosquito nets and out of the temple, to show mercy for them and not kill them.

. tama oogi 宝扇 treasure-fan .

. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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kigo for all summer

uchiwa 団扇 (うちわ) round hand fan
..... 団（うちわ）
shirouchiwa, shiro uchiwa 白団扇（しろうちわ）white hand fan
euchiwa, e-uchiwa 絵団扇（えうちわ) round fan with a picture
kinu uchiwa 絹団扇（きぬうちわ）round fan made from silk
shibu uchiwa 渋団扇（しぶうちわ）round impregnated fan

mizu uchiwa 水団扇 / 水うちわ（みずうちわ）"water fan"
made from impregnated washi paper
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


Nara uchiwa 奈良団扇（ならうちわ）round fan from Nara
Kasuga uchiwa 春日団扇 from 春日神社 Kasuga Shrine
They were first made by the Kasuga Shrine for its festival, and soon became a trade-mark item for Shrine festivals all over Japan.

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Kyoo uchiwa, kyoouchiwa 京団扇（きょううちわ）round fan from Kyoto
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Gifu uchiwa 岐阜団扇（ぎふうちわ）round fan from Gifu
. . . CLICK here for Photos !




Fukakusa uchiwa 深草団扇（ふかくさうちわ）
with patterns of grasses, made in Kyoto

furuuchiwa, furu uchiwa 古団扇（ふるうちわ）old round fan

uchiwakake 団扇掛（うちわかけ）stand for many fans
often in restaurants




uchiwa uri 団扇売（うちわうり）vendor of round fans
uchiwauri, uchiwa-uri 団扇売り


A Fan Peddler Showing his Wares to a Young Woman
Suzuki Harunobu 鈴木 春信 (1725-1770)



CLICK for more photos !



source : edokurashi.hatenablog.com/entry - 渡辺京二

. Doing Business in Edo - 江戸の商売 .

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Worldwide use

Fächer; Faltfächer
uchiwa : blattförmiger Fächer


*****************************
Things found on the way

A True Story from China
Travelling by Air in China to the desert oasis of Dun Huang, each passenger got a small folding fan made from sandalwood, with a lovely smell, upon entering the aircraft. "What a nice present" I thought and packed it in my bag. I should have known better after traveling extensively in Asia ...

Soon after takeoff it became quite hot inside the aircraft, after all the Gobi Desert was below our eyes, a breathtaking sight, but that is a different story.
The stewardess anounced: "Our airconditioning is out of order, so please use the hand fan we provided for you to keep comfortable."

I still keep this little one (or rather two, my husband got one of course) to tell the story of non-electric happiness. And it did not loose its nice smell even after more than 20 years.
Gabi Greve , 2004





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source :　poco-toma

Self-made uchiwa from strong washi paper and handpainted


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Hand Fan (uchiwa) with Daruma san.



There are more to be seen in my Photo Album
PHOTOS gabigreve



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oogi uri, oogi-uri 扇売り vendor of fans

In the town of Edo he walked around before the New Year and sold cheap fans with auspicious symbols for the New Year (mount Fuji, a hawk, eggplants or the 7 Gods of good luck) in small wooden boxes. They were used as "obligatory presents" to teachers, doctors and other important people (it is said to be the fore-runner of the famous "o-toshidama" money presents of our day).
The recipient of these boxes would pile them up at the gate to his home to show how much he was honored. (Some say they even bought them for themselves to show off.)
Anyway, after the New Year there was no more use for these boxes, so the vendors came back and called for collecting them

o-harai oogibako お払い扇箱 "Buying back fan boxes"

and payed a small sum. They kept the boxes till next year to start another round of business.

A senryu from Edo

　売るうちにもう買いに来る扇箱
uru uchi ni moo kai ni kuru oogibako

while selling them
they already buy them back -
the fan boxes

o haraibako ni suru お払い箱にする - dismiss, fire, sack
o haraibako ni sareta お払い箱にされた -
be get fired, to be dismissed, be sacked


. Doing Business in Edo　- 江戸の商売 .

- - - Not to mix with
. O-haraibako 御祓箱 box to transport talismans .

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CLICK for enlargement !

The Fan Shop Mieidô 「美影堂」　
「すゑひろ」　扇屋美影堂店先
by Utagawa Toyokuni I
The real name of the fan shop, 美影堂 Mieidô, is partly visible on the signboard in the shape of a giant fan overhead. As a joke, the name and trademark of the publisher, Eijudô, are substituted for the shop name elsewhere in the picture.

- source :mfa.org/collections - boston -

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. Edo shokunin　江戸職人 craftsmen of Edo .

uchiwashi, uchiwa shi 団扇師 making handfans
Handfans were used all year to start and keep the kitchen fire in Edo. These fans were especially strong and the paper was coated with kakishibu　柿渋 persimmon extract to make them some kind of water-proof.
They were also useful to hit flies and mosquitos.

Since the late Edo period women used to carry a handfan all the time, especially as a fashion item when going out.

江戸前の風は団扇で追い出され
Edo-mae no kaze wa uchiwa de oidasare

wind from the Edo Bay
is driven away
by all the hand fans
- Senryu of Edo -

sensu shokunin 扇子職人 craftsman making folding fans


source : edoichiba.jp..sensu..


uchiwa shokunin 団扇職人 craftsman making hand fans


source : edoichiba.jp..sensu..

azuma uchiwa 東団扇 made in Tokyo
made with bamboo from Chiba

Edo uchiwa 江戸団扇

- quote
Edo Uchiwa is a type of uchiwa, a traditional Japanese fan.
Uchiwa is often used by a person to create a breeze to keep cool in hot weather. They are part of Japanese seasonal traditions and are often given as gifts at these times. Originally, a big leaf and an animal hair were used as an uchiwa, to purify and pray. Over time they have changed, and are now made from one piece of bamboo and paper.



It is said that uchiawa originally came from China. During the Edo period in Japan, there were uchiwa's that was called Edo Uchiwa which used the Ukiyo-e technique with printing such as kabuki actors, landscapes, and portrait of beautiful women. Nowadays, in summer, you will see uchiwa everywhere in the street, which have not a printing of Ukiyo-e, but an advertisement of companies or products.
- source : tokyopic.com/image



CLICK for more photos !

There are many Uchiwa with illustrations of 浮世絵 ukiyo-e
and also Ukiyo-e with people using an Uchiwa in the Edo period. They show many aspects of the daily life in Edo and will be a source of further study.

. Join the Edo friends on facebook ! .




. 与謝蕪村　Yosa Buson in Edo ! .

褌に 団扇さしたる 亭主かな
fundoshi ni uchiwa sashitaru teishu kana

In his loincloth
Bearing a round fan,
Household head
Tr. Shoji Kumano



ｆundoshi senu shiri fukareyuku haru no kaze

There's no loincloth
on that butt blown in view--
in the spring breeze.
Tr.　Steven D. Carter


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Boshu uchiwa 房州団扇 / 房州うちわ Handfans from Boshu



- quote -
With the high temperatures and similarly high humidity of Japanese summers, the uchiwa, or Japanese fan, has long been a vital summertime accessory. Uchiwa are even distributed on the streets as advertising tools when the temperature rises. As a common item in daily life, Chiba Prefecture’s one and only government-designated traditional craft, the Boshu uchiwa, is widely known across the nation.

The history of Boshu uchiwa can be traced back to the Edo Period (1603-1868). Back then, Boshu – now the southern region of Chiba Prefecture – was a producer of medake, a thin and supple form of bamboo that’s used as the main constituent of uchiwa. According to a document compiled in Chiba Prefecture in 1911, uchiwa production in the Boshu region started in the southern town of 那古町 Nagomachi in 1877. In a document published in 1918, it’s mentioned that in 1884 a man called 岩城惣五郎 Iwaki Sogoro of Nagomachi invited craftsmen from Tokyo to come develop uchiwa production as the major industry of Chiba Prefecture’s southern region. Boshu uchiwa output reached its heyday around 1935, with annual production reaching roughly 8 million units. Today, it is crowned as one of the three major uchiwa brands of Japan, and is considered a representative brand of Japan on the whole

Boshu uchiwa take various forms: the standard round-shaped type; the “egg type,” which features a unique, smooth curve; and a long-shafted type, which allows the wielder to see the design move when it’s spun with the palms of the hands. Boshu’s status as a bamboo production district allows the use of high quality bamboo to achieve these various shapes, conjoined with unique shafts that make the most of bamboo’s natural roundness.

Boshu uchiwa are hand-manufactured in a 21-step process that starts from the peeling of the bamboo. The handle is light and durable, and has a bone structure made by dividing one end of the shaft into 48 to 64 equal parts, woven together by yarn. Combined with a beautiful semicircle lattice design known as a mado, or window, this is an uchiwa that highlights the refined skill of the craftsperson. Visitors to the area should enjoy cooling down in the summer with a storied Boshu uchiwa.
- source : japan-brand.jnto.go.jp/crafts -


. Chiba Folk Art - 千葉県 .
Booshuu 房州 Boshu Southern part of Chiba

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Kyoo uchiwa 京団扇
Kyo Uchiwa, round fan from Kyoto



- quote
Kyo uchiwa fans are believed to have developed after Korean fans brought to Japan by pirates between 1336 and 1392 influenced the designs of the fans used by the Japanese imperial household. These were then brought from Kyshuu to Yamato Province, and from there to the Fukakusa area of Kyoto. It is here that Kyo uchiwa fans became established.

As the generations passed, these fans became more and more a ubiquitous element of Kyoto life. Today, new ideas and creative variations continue to be incorporated, producing new items of elegance and beauty that cannot be seen elsewhere in Japan.

The primary point that sets Kyo uchiwa fans apart from others are their embellishments and rich, beautiful designs. However, a more concrete difference is that Kyo fans feature a body inserted into an independently made handle.

The number of spokes varies from 50 to 100, with more spokes indicating a higher class of fan. Those with 100 spokes are considered decorative fans. Bamboo handles are common, but cedar is also employed. The handles of some fans are given a lacquer finish.
- source : www.jcrafts.com/eg/shop


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HAIKU

singing a song
and slapping his butt...
with a fan


えどの水呑とて左り団扇かな
Edo no mizu nomu tote hidari uchiwa kana

living in comfort in Edo
his left hand
fanning

Or: "her left hand fanning."
Edo is present-day Tokyo. Shinji Ogawa explains that the phrase, edo no mizu nomu ("to drink Edo's water"), is equivalent to "being in Edo" or "living in Edo."
The phrase, "left hand fanning" (hidari uchiwa) is an idiom in Japanese for "living comfortably." Shinji believes that "this haiku is Issa's cynical remark about his contemporary haiku-poets living in Edo."

Kobayashi Issa

and another way to use the oogi as a light shade

umi no tsuki oogi kabutte netari keri

moon on the sea--
he's under his fan
sleeping

Issa

There are 37 haiku about the fan by Issa.
http://www.xula.edu/cat/issa/



松に腰かけて土民も扇哉
matsu ni koshi kakete domin mo oogi kana

on the pine
sits also a farmer
with a folding fan

Considering the use of MO, this might refere to the famous pine where Minamoto no Yoshitsune rested. There are some places in Japan that claim this pine.


The Pine Tree Where Yoshitsune Rested
quote
Takamatsu
Near Yashima Station there is a small area with a pine tree beside a small shrine. The pine tree is famous, because it is believed to be the spot where Yoshitsune, the leader of the Minamoto clan during the Genpei War, rested prior to the Battle at Yashima. It is said that he rested at this location and placed his saddle on the pine tree.
It is a historical site that a traveller who is interested in the history of the Genpei Wars (or the famous Tales of Heike, which was written about this war) should visit. Because it is near the station, visiting the famous pine tree is also a nice way to pass the time while waiting for the bus that takes you up to Yashima Island and Yashima Shrine.

source : www.virtualtourist.com


kurakake matsu 経鞍掛松


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Related words

***** electric fan, ceiling fan,
ventilator (senpuuki　扇風機）
kigo for all summer

An electric appliance used in many homes now. In the hotter areas of Japan and the USA, it might be used the whole year round, but as a kigo, it refers to summer non the less. Its effect, the cooling of rooms, evokes the heat of summer days.

diner night --
the ceiling fan twirling
in our teaspoons

Barry George Philadelphia, PA, USA
http://mdn.mainichi.co.jp/haiku/03/selection2002.html


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siesta time -
the gentle humming
of my fan

Gabi Greve
Summer 2010

- - - - -


Лепеза, вентилатор / lepeza, ventilator (Fan, Ventilator)
. WKD : Serbia Saijiki .


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Kigo for other seasons


***** Folding fan and handfan in autumn



fuyu oogi 冬扇 (ふゆおうぎ) "handfan in winter"
kigo for all winter

This refers to a saying about "useless things" from Matsuo Basho:
a brazier / fireplace in summer and a fan in winter
karo toosen かろとうせん【夏炉冬扇】
toosen karo とうせんかろ【冬扇夏炉】
He was referring to himself, his poetical activities were useless compared with the wishes of other people.


予が風雅は夏炉冬扇のごとし
yo ga fuuga wa karo toosen no gotoshi

my elegance
is like a fireplace in summer
like a fan in winter


There was a kind of oogi made from thin pieces of pine wood.



quote
Haiku is a useless thing, a haiku poet is a useless person.

Karo-tosen is an old Chinese saying which has been adopted in Japan, though seldom, if ever, used nowadays. Karo means a fireplace in summer and tosen means a fan in winter. What is the use of a fireplace in hot summer? What is the use of a fan in bitter winter? The saying should now be self-explanatory. Yes, it is to describe something useless or uselessness of things. And we haiku poets had better be, and are, karo-tosen.

Towards the end of April (lunar calendar) of the year 6 Genroku (1693), one of Basho’s disciple, Morikawa Kyoriku (1656-1715), was preparing for his return journey to Hikone Domain (in today’s Shiga Prefecture) where he served as a high-ranking retinue. Kyoriku had been staying in Edo since August of the previous year. He was in company with his Lord, who was serving sankin-kotai obligations in the seat of the Tokugawa government. Sankin-kotai was a duty imposed on feudal lords requiring them to live part-time in Edo and part-time back in their provincial domains, while their wives and children were required to permanently live in Edo. This arrangement was a key policy of Tokugawa to keep his retinues under tight control.

In the early August of 1692, Kyoriku met Basho for the first time, formally becoming his disciple. For the following nine months, the two kept in close contact, becoming important for each other, not least because Kyoriku taught Basho art. So close they were that Basho took the trouble of writing a long farewell letter to him on his departure from Edo, which happens to have become one of the most important documents to study Basho’s thoughts. Called Kyoriku Ribetsu no Kotoba, the letter provides us with an insight into the deepest feelings of Basho. One key sentence goes: yo ga fuga wa karo tosen no gotoshi, or
‘My haikai is like karo tosen’, namely ‘useless’.

What are we to do if Basho says that his poetry is useless? His was not an idle remark of self-mockery or of amusing Kyoriku in a light-hearted way. It was mentioned after a long and hard navel-gazing reflection on his life. There have been numerous academic studies on this point. Quite apart from them, it certainly provides us with enormous food for thought. Let us look at some of its ramifications.

MORE
source : Susumu Takiguchi, 2005

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MORE oogi ōgi hokku by Matsuo Basho

富士の風や扇にのせて江戸土産
. Fuji no kaze ya oogi ni nosete Edo miyage .
a gift from Edo



ひらひらと挙ぐる扇や雲の峰
hira hira to / aguru ōgi ya / kumo no mine

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扇にて酒くむ陰や散る桜
oogi nite sake kumu kage ya chiru sakura


With my fan
I mime sipping sake – shaded by
falling cherry blossom.
Tr. McAuley


In the shadow of a tree
scooping sake with a fan –
scattering cherry blossoms
Tr. Shirane


Pretending to drink
sake from my fan,
sprinkled with cherry petals.
Tr. Stryk



quote Bill Higginson
Different seasons, one dominates:
When season words relate to topics in different seasons, usually one or the other obviously governs, and the poem will be placed under that topic in its season. Sample:

oogi nite sake kumu kage ya chiru sakura

with a fan
I drink sake in the shade . . .
falling cherry blossoms

Here Basho mimics a noh actor; when the play calls for drinking sake (rice wine), the actor mimes the motions using a closed folding fan as a prop.
Since FALLING CHERRY BLOSSOMS (chiru sakura) is not only a topic appropriate to spring but actually happens in spring, the poem is definitely placed in spring. A FAN (ogi), normally a summer seasonal topic, can easily be present at other seasons

. WKD : POEMS WITH TWO SEASON WORDS .


Written in 1688, Oi no Kobumi


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団扇もてあふがん人のうしろむき
uchiwa mote / aogan hito no / ushiro muki

. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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kigo for the New Year

. oogi nage 扇投（おうぎなげ）
Fan-throwing competition


. hatsu oogi 初扇 (はつおうぎ) first use of the folding fan .
during a Noh performance


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kigo for all spring

uchiwa tsukuru 団扇作る (うちわつくる)
making uchiwa
..... uchiwa haru 団扇張る（うちわはる）papering uchiwa
..... oogi haru 扇張る（おうぎはる）
oogi hosu 扇干す（おうぎほす）drying oogi fans
after they are papered


. HUMANITY KIGO
for all seasons

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observance kigo for late summer

. oogi matsuri 扇祭（おうぎまつり) hand fan festival .
Nachi no himatsuri 那智の火祭り Fire Festival at Nachi
main festival at shrine Nachi Taisha, July 14.



. karasu uchiwa 烏団扇（からすうちわ）"craw fan".
sumomo matsuri すもも祭 Sumomo plum festival
July 20 at the shrine Ookunitama 大国魂神社 Okunitama Jinja


. Tengu no ha-uchiwa 天狗の羽団扇
"feather fan of a Tengu" .


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. tsurushibina つるし雛 / 吊るし雛 small hanging hina dolls .



Added with the wish for "suehiro" 末広（すえひろ）"to fold out", an auspicious play of words with something good lasting for a long time. May the girl lead a plentiful life.


. SAIJIKI ... HUMANITY - - - Kigo for Summer 　


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yakuyoke uchiwa 厄除けうちわ handfan to ward off evil influence



at the summer festival for the god of
Tooka Daimyoojin 稲荷大明神 Toka Daimyojin
at Enryuji Temple, Mikawa-cho, Hiroshima City.

- quote
Tookasan Yukata Festival
Toukasan [とうかさん], the most festive of Hiroshima’s downtown festivals, dates back around 400 years. It signals the start of summer and locals mark the occasion by giving traditional lightweight summer kimono, called yukata, their first outing of the year. Everyone from young punks to pensioners loves toukasan and the streets are packed and ablaze with color.
Most will line up at Enryu-ji Temple at the end of Chuo-dori – recognizable by the many many read lanterns that hand over the forecourt (not to mention the long line that spills out and down the street during the festival) – to pray to Touka Daimyoujin for good fortune, but Toukasan is as much about showing off your yukata, sampling the street food and playing festival games as it is about religious ritual.

Touka is an alternative reading for the characters of the Shinto god Inari – the kami of rice, prosperity, fertility as well as other good stuff like tea and sake. Inari shrines are distinguished by multiple torii gates and statues of foxes – the most famous being Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto – and you’ll often find them within the grounds of a Buddhist temple, as at Enryu-ji, among other temples, here in Hiroshima.

The festival was originally held on the day on which Boys’ Day fell according to the old lunar calendar. As that could be anywhere from early May to late June in the Gregorian calendar it was decided that it would be held around the 10th of June (the 10th of the month also being referred to as touka in Japanese). Pressure from traders saw the festival extended to two and then three days – Inari is the god of prosperity after all. Since 1999 the festival has started on the first Friday of June, ensuring a full weekend of enlightened cash flow.

After paying your respects, make a ¥300 offering and get a yakuyoke uchiwa fan. According to the temple website these fans are the embodiment of Touka Daimyoujin herself, and the most effective talisman for warding off misfortune in all of Japan. Guaranteed to be effective aid to health, wealth and longevity. Quite a bargain.
- source : www.gethiroshima.com




- とうかさん大祭 Tookasan big festival
- source : www.toukasan.jp


Yakuyoke 厄除お守り warding off evil
personal yakudoshi 厄年 "years of personal calamity"
yakubarai 厄払い casting off the old impurities and sins


. WKD - Hiroshima Festivals .


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source :　rakuten.co.jp/raimdo

. Fudō Myō-ō, Fudoo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
Acala Vidyârâja - Vidyaraja – Fudo Myoo .


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. chuukei 中啓 Chukei, ceremonial fan of a priest .

Many shine in brilliant silver and gold color coating.
It is not used to fan for fresh air, but sometimes hit to make a sound.
Sometimes it can be opened and a rosary or sutra book placed on it during ceremonies when sitting on Tatami mats.
This fan can also be placed in the collar when both hands are needed.

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