January

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January

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Late Winter
***** Category: Season

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Explanation


Haiku ichigatsu in the Edo period relates to the climate of present-day February,
but some festivals are dated in our present-day January.

. . Names of Japanese months and their meanings . .


the first lunar month is

. Mutsuki 睦月 (むつき) - Sociable Month 　


shoogatsu,　正月 the New Year
January 1 till 15, the first half of the first lunar month
. New Year ... a Haiku season of its own


. The First Lunar Month　一月 ichigatsu - 睦月 mutsuki - in Edo .


. . . . WINTER - the complete SAIJIKI


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Facing to the Coldest Season ... January
ichigatsu 一月

January is the first month of a year. The meaning of the word, "the first" gives us a new and strong impression. Accordingly, the arrival of a new year makes us feel ourselves refreshed. And also we are conscious that all the things surrounding us come to be fresh. If you refer to the "Saijiki", you will find many seasonal words about the New Year listed in the book, and you can easily understand what I have said in the above phrases.

It is supposed that perhaps the Japanese people have respected all the creations as to be pure and to be revived in the New Year, and have made up their mind to start their own new life with a new resolution. Through pious praying, they strongly hope to be happy and to lead a full life in the new year by clearing up the past which they could not be satisfied with. For this reason we pay special attention to some words by putting suffix of hajime, hatsu or zome, which mean first, on the head or the end of the words of daily work or life, such as Shigotohajime(first working), Kuwahajime(first farming), Ryohajime(first fishing), Nuihajime(first sewing), Urihajime(first selling). We put hatsu onto the words of nature, such as Hatsuhi(first Sun), Hatsuzora(first sky), Hatsuhikari(first light of the Sun) so as to express our respect to Nature of the New Year.

January is also the extremely cold season in a year. Shoukan(less cold) fall on the 15th day after Touji(winter solstice). It is on about January the 6th. Kan(cold season) continues from Shoukan to the day before of Risshun(the first day of spring). So we refer to the period of these 30 days as Kan-no-uchi(midwinter) from Kan-no-iri(beginning of midwinter) to Kan-ake(the end of cold season). Daikan(great cold) is on the 15th day, around January 20th after Shoukan. It is by far the coldest through the year. It is wrong to refer to these 15 days between Shoukan and Daikan as Shoukan. Either Shoukan or Daikan shows only one day of the twenty four designated seasonal days, so now let's learn correctly how to use each word.

The seasonal words of January are almost connected with Kan-no-uchi except those of the New Year. So we feel severe coldness from the seasonal words even if they sound enjoyable and lovely, such as Kazahana(snow flakes), Yukibare(clear sky between snowfall), Kangetsu (cold moon), Fuyusoubi(winter rose), Kanbeni(rouge of winter). And also we feel the coldness from the clear sound of seasonal words such as sayuru(make clear) and iteru(freeze), which beautifully and accurately express its feeling even if they are apart from their original meanings.
Inahata Teiko
http://www.kyoshi.or.jp/12month/12month-1.htm

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Japan in January

Great link with many customs and events
http://www.bookmice.net/darkchilde/japan/jjan.html

Japanese Festivals
January .. .. February .. .. March .. .. April .. .. May .. .. June .. .. July .. .. August .. .. September .. .. October .. .. November .. .. December
http://www.bookmice.net/darkchilde/japan/jfestival.html

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Worldwide use

Australia
kigo for summer

Southern Hemisphere, Tropics ...
Adjustments for each region must be made.

Calendar reference kigo


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Things found on the way

Poems, Quotes, Folklore Sayings, Links, References, Lore Ideas, Garden Chores

January is here, with eyes that keenly glow,

A frost-mailed warrior

striding a shadowy steed of snow.

Edgar Fawcett

Compiled by Michael P. Garofalo
http://www.egreenway.com/months/monjan.htm

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HAIKU

The cut in this haiku gives it the space to create a great image. When it was first published in 1969, many traditional haiku poets rejected it because of this cut in the middle of line two.
Maybe he was too early for his time. Now this haiku is well accepted.

It seems Ryuuta was talking about a small brook behind his estate.


一月の川 一月の谷の中
ichigatsu no kawa
ichigatsu no tani no naka


river in January
in the middle of a valley in January

Iida Ryuta (Ryûta) 飯田龍太
Tr. Gabi Greve


Il n'y a qu'un fleuve
Au milieu de la vallée...
Premier mois de l'année.

　©　tr. Laurent Mabesoone


январская
река по январской
долине

　© Haiku Mena


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January first -
the children teased by
sparse snowflakes

Carole MacRury, WHCworkshop

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Here in texas, we get snow rarely and little. it makes it all the more remarkable.

january snowstorm
snow epaulettes
on the stone eagle

january morning
lawn chairs crosshatched
with snow

january sunrise
a loaf of snow
on the strawberry jar

january sunrise
turning thin fog
golden

susan delphine delaney

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January noon
muezzin's call to prayer
rises and floats

That was in the city centre today -- a most beautiful call, which seemed to evaporate into the noontime heat and spread all over the city.
Isabelle Prondzynski (Nairobi, Kenya)

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Haiku for January
by Victor P. Gendrano
http://www.geocities.com/vgendrano/janhaiku.html

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Haiku from January 2003
by Gary Warner
http://www.haikuworld.org/gary/jan2003.gar.html

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Aozora haiku publication : January 2003
Editor : Jasminka Nadaskic Diordievic, and submissions (s)
http://www.tempslibres.org/aozora/en/hpub/pub0301.html


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A Japanese Garden of Verse

january snow
memories of years gone by
rain and warm winds blow

Lotus
http://www.webcom.com/~erique/haiku/haiku199.html

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a rose is
a rose is a rose -
January rose

Gabi Greve, January 2006

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Related words


***** January in Kenya

***** New Year
a Haiku season in itself


. WKD : January - KIGO CALENDAR .

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Jacaranda (tropical tree)

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Jacaranda (tropical tree)

***** Location: Tropics
***** Season: Tropical Long Rain (Kenya)
.....................various in other regions
***** Category: Plant

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Explanation

The Jacaranda tree puts on a breathtaking floral display. Its vivid lilac-blue clusters of trumpet shaped blossoms appear in the summer, later falling to the earth carpeting the ground with a mass of color. It is said that if you are walking underneath the Jacaranda tree and one of the trumpet blossoms falls on your head you will be favored by fortune.

The Jacaranda tree is striking when it’s lilac-blue floral show dominates the landscape, December in Melbourne. Many people believe this tree to be native to Australia but its origin is Brazil and other parts of tropical and sub-tropical South America. It is naturally found in the high and dry deserts of Brazil thus in Melbourne after a dryer year floral displays are better.

Jacarandas prefer a warm coastal climate that is frost-free or where light frost occurs. J. mimosifolia will grow well in the suburbs of Melbourne where the average rainfall exceeds about 650mm.
http://www.hellohello.com.au/Jacaranda.html

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Pretoria -- the Jacaranda City

The administrative capital of South Africa, Pretoria / Tshwane lies about 50 km north of Johannesburg. The population, just under a million, consists mainly of officials, and in Pretoria life goes at a much slower pace than in the hectic Johannesburg. It is quite easy for the visitor to find his or her way through the city, which is laid out like a chess board. Pretoria lies 1367 m above sea level, which makes it about 400 m lower than Johannesburg. It is surrounded by protecting mountains. The climate is subtropical with hot, wet summers and relatively mild, dry winters.

The nicest time for a visit is spring, when in October more than 70,000 Jacaranda trees are in full bloom. Then the whole town is one big purple-coloured and sweet-smelling sea of blossoms. The exotic trees were imported from South America some 100 years ago and gave the town its nickname: "Jacaranda City."

http://www.southafrica-travel.net/north/a1pret02.htm

Pretoria is the capital of South Africa.
Every year in mid October 68000 jacaranda trees bloom in a riot of lilac colors.

The city's center piece is the beautifully situated Union Building, where the Presidents offices are located. The beautiful gardens surrounding it are a great tourist attraction. They are often used concert with famous name musicians.

http://www.africatickets.com/africapages/jensen/pretoria.shtml
http://www.pta.co.za
http://www.jacaranda.suite.dk/serv02.htm




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..... Some Biological Facts

Taxonomy
Current name: Jacaranda mimosifolia
Authority: D. Don
Family: Bignoniaceae
Synonym(s)
Jacaranda acutifolia Humb. & Bonpl.
Jacaranda ovalifolia R. Br.

Common names
(Amharic) : yetebmenja zaf
(Creole) : flabwayan ble, jakaranda
(English) : Brazilian rose wood, jacaranda, mimosa-leaved jacaranda
(French) : flambouyant bleu
(Spanish) : flamboy·n azul, gualanolay, jacarand, tarco
(Tigrigna) : palasandro

Botanic description
Jacaranda mimosifolia is a deciduous tree up to 20 m in height with spreading branches making a light crown. Bark pale brown and furrowed, transverse cracks dividing the ridges between the furrows into long, narrow scales. The bole almost always short and malformed, and up to 40-50 cm in diameter. Leaves compound and feathery on a stalk to 40 cm; up to 30 pairs of pinnae bearing small, pointed leaflets. Flowers striking blue-violet, in clusters, each flower bell shaped, to 4 cm, usually on the bare tree before leaf growth.

Fruit a rounded woody capsule to 7 cm across with a wavy edge, brown-black when mature, splitting on the tree to set free many light-winged seeds. Capsules may hang on the tree for up to 2 years. The generic name is a latinized form of an aboriginal name used in Brazil.

..... Ecology and distribution
History of cultivation
Jacaranda is native to Brazil and Argentina but has been introduced as an ornamental in most parts of the tropics, though in many tropical climates its flowering is light, irregular and disappointing. It was introduced to Kenya in 1907 to the Nairobi Arboretum and is now an outstanding ornamental tree of the city and district, where it flowers when leafless.

Natural Habitat
J. mimosifolia prefers highland areas but can also grow in some drier ones. It is frost tender when young. A deep-rooted, greedy feeder so that few plants or crops can grow below it; therefore, best planted away from flowerbeds. Leaf fall is also considerable.

Geographic distribution
Native : Argentina, Brazil
Exotic : Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, French Guiana, Ghana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, South Africa, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Surinam, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela, Virgin Islands (US), Zambia, Zimbabwe

Biophysical limits
Altitude: 500-2400 m, Mean annual temperature: Approximately 20 deg. C, Mean annual rainfall: 900-1300 mm or more. Soil type: Grows best on well-drained sandy loam soils, although it will also survive on poor shallow soils. It does not tolerate waterlogged or clay soils.
http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/AF/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=1011

And another botanical page with illustrations of seed pod (often made into jewellery) and bark :
http://www.cuyamaca.net/oh170/Characteristic%20Pages/Jacaranda%20mimosifolia.asp

More photos :
http://www.botanical-online.com/florjacarandamimosifolia.htm

Several African cities are at their finest at the start of the Long Rains, October / November, when the jacarandas lining their main streets are in full bloom. Nairobi is spectacular at that time of year, having been planted with jacaranda in 1907, only a few years after its foundation. Whole valleys appear as though swathed in purple clouds.


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- Shared by Rosie Mann -
Joys of Japan, 2012



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Worldwide use

Australia
"People in Australia sing a Christmas song about Jacaranda trees, as the purple blooms are only seen in summer time - as the song explains,
"When the bloom of the jacaranda tree is here, Christmas time is near.""
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacaranda
kigo for summer

Australia's Tambourine Mountain
http://www.lanerealty.com.au/picJacaranda.html


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California
In California the jacaranda blooms in the wetter Winter.
Michael Baribeau
.............................. other haiku friends quote
Jacaranda really is a late spring-early summer kigo
also called
Green Ebony or Brazilian Rose Wood.

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Central America
"...blooming in March and April (the dry season, often called 'verano'- "summer" in Spanish-speaking Central America, and most equivalent to the season in temperate zones)."
Haiku World
An Internation Poetry Almanac
by William Higginson
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/WHCworldkigo/message/736


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Europe
Jacaranda tree in Europe = southern part of Europe a season word in April till June, spring to summer.
Erika Schwalm

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Hawaii
Beautiful Photos !
http://www.mauigateway.com/~donjusko/jacarandaphotos.htm


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Kenya

jacaranda blossoms
topic for haiku



jacaranda shedding its leaves
kigo for the cold dry season


a sea of gold
around my feet --
jacaranda leaflets

ripples of gold
against the sky --
jacaranda leaflets

Isabelle Prondzynski, August 2010



jacaranda leaves
golden on the roadside--
a sudden breeze

Patrick Wafula


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Mexico

kigo for these seasons

early spring - blue flowers, Jacaranda blossoms
late spring, summer and autumn - tiny green leaves
winter - bare braches

israel balan

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Uruguay
jacarandas bloom in spring (september-december) .
In my neighborhood there are plenty of them.
Carlos Fleitas


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Things found on the way

A touching story

The Jacaranda Tree
by Oenone Still
http://www.bbc.co.uk/drama/babyfather/stories/jacaranda_tree.shtml




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Jacaranda wood
made into beautiful furniture in Brazil and Portugal, and carved into figures such as these in Zimbabwe.




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HAIKU

Slum roof
showered in purple petals --
jacaranda spreading above.

Jacaranda road,
trees light and green -- and always
one out of season.

Autumn loneliness –
jacaranda blossom time
fnds me in my dreams...

Isabelle Prondzynski

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jacarandáa
ti también te gusta
la luz de otoño

... ... ... early evening stroll
... ... ... among the jacaranda flowers
... ... ... the crescent moon

Carlos Fleitas

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the sky
interlaced in deeper blue -
jacaranda

hortensia anderson

There are more haiku about this flower in the Shiki Archives.
http://haiku.cc.ehime-u.ac.jp/~shiki/shiki.archive/html/0006/0250.html

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a vase
of jacaranda blossoms-
the rosewood table

Michael Baribeau

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blue sky -
jacaranda blue flowers
fall...

Israel Lopez Balan

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Haiga by Shanna Moore, Hawaii
WKD : Hawaii Saijiki


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Related words


KENYA SAIJIKI


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Additions September 2005

safekeep copy

..................................................................... September 2005Wolf (ookami) (05) JapanTyphoon, Hurricane Part IIWild Boar (inoshishi) (05) JapanAum (阿吽) A-Un, Om. IndiaApple (ringo)(05) JapanFruit Cricket. Prayer Gong Cricket (kanetataki) (05) JapanInsects (mushi) (05) Autumn insects, aki no mushi, JapanNozaki Pilgrimage, Japan (05)..... Gyoki Bosatsu Memorial Day, Gyooki 行基菩薩Daruma Flower (Darumasoo, Zazensoo, Japan (05)Crappie (Pomoxis), North America (05)Rice wine (ricewine) sake (05)Japan Reiswein


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Please send your contributions to Gabi Greve
worldkigo .....

Back to the WHC Worldkigo Index
http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/

Iris (ayame)

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Iris (ayame, shoobu, kakitsubata, airisu)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Mid-Summer
***** Category: Plant

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Explanation

Iris Flower (hanashoobu 花菖蒲)　Iris　ensata

ayame あやめ Ayame iris
hana ayame 花あやめ（はなあやめ)
shiro ayame 白あやめ（しろあやめ）white iris
kuruma ayame くるまあやめ
chabo ayame ちゃぼあやめ
Iris sanguinea


hanashoobu 花菖蒲 (はなしょうぶ) Shobu iris
shoobu mi 菖蒲見（しょうぶみ）viewing Shobu
shoobu en 菖蒲園（しょうぶえん）Shobu park
shobu ta 菖蒲田（しょうぶた）field with Shobu
Iris ensata


shiro shoobu 白菖蒲（しろしょうぶ）white Shobu
ki shoobu 黄菖蒲（きしょうぶ） yellow Shobu


shoobu 菖蒲 (しょうぶ ) Japanese Shobu iris
..... ayame あやめ、ayamegusa あやめ草（あやめぐさ）
noki ayame 軒あやめ（のきあやめ）iris under the eaves"
hakushoo 白菖（はくしょう） white Ayame iris
Acorus calamus


ichihatsu 鳶尾草 (いちはつ) Ichihatsu iris, "wall iris"
..... ichihatsu 一八（いちはつ）"one eight"
koyasugusa こやすぐさ
suiran 水蘭（すいらん） "water orchid"
Iris tectorum


. Blue Flag (kakitsubata 杜若) .
and Matsuo Basho about Hokku

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いずれあやめかかきつばた - more photos
- reference source : edococo.exblog.jp... -

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kigo for early summer

airisu アイリス Iris
seiyoo ayame 西洋あやめ（せいようあやめ）"Western Iris"
Fam. Iris


niwazekisho 庭石菖 (にわぜきしょう) Niwazekisho Iris
Sisyrinchium rosulatum


sekishoo 石菖 (せきしょう) "stone iris"
ishiayame,ishi ayame 石菖蒲（いしあやめ）
Japanese Sweet Flag, Grassy-leaved Sweet Flag
Acorus gramineus



shaga no hana 奢莪の花 (しゃがのはな) Shaga iris
kochooga 胡蝶花（こちょうか）
Iris japonica Thunb.


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Hanashobu park

There are many more words in Japanese to differentiate between the many kinds of iris that flower mostly during the rainy season, giving a special elegance to an otherwise dreary season. In Japan, there are many famous Iris Parks and Iris fields, which I will introduce below.
Gabi Greve




Nisaburo Ito (1910-1988) 伊藤仁三郎


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Famous Iris Fields in Itako
Itako Town in Ibaraki Prefecture lies beside the river Tonegawa. During the Edo period (1603-1868) it flourished as a relay port for the shipment of cargo from the north of Japan by water to the nation's capital, Edo. The beautiful scenery on the waterfront was much admired by writers and artists, many of whom visited the town.

Today, the Ayame (iris) Festival in June is the biggest tourist attraction. Along the sides of the river iris flower park has been set up, and as the season approaches, as many as one million individual plants of around 500 colorful varieties come into bloom in purple, white and yellow. During the festival season every year the town attracts about half a million visitors. Boatmen ply the waters in rowboats, taking sightseers on trips redolent of the past. If you are lucky, you might be able to see a beautiful bride going out to meet her bridegroom on one of these boats.
Have a look at some pictures of the area too.
http://web-japan.org/atlas/nature/nat23.html

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The famous Meiji Shrine Iris Garden


Meiji Shrine in Tokyo is famous for its splendid Iris Garden, which was designed by the Emperor Meiji himself.
People take joy in painting and making haiku about these plants.

Look at many more beautiful pictures here:
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/mako/dojikko/01_scene/200106/200106.htm
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More photos of the many Iris Festivals (ayame matsuri) in many areas of Japan.
Mizumoto Park, Horikiri Park and more in Ibaragi Prefecture.
http://avenir.pekori.jp/album/mizumoto/mizumoto2001-1.html
http://itp.ne.jp/i-town/chugoku/yamaguchi/photo.html
http://f27.aaacafe.ne.jp/~takaji/bistaliall_009.htm
http://www.geocities.jp/thitosh/nikki/2003/nikki0306.html

Toyotsu City
http://pinebooks.cool.ne.jp/sanpomiti/01/toyotushobu.html

Look at an Iris Garden in Yokosuka, Japan.
http://hamakko.info/fgarden/egar06.html


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An Iris called TRILLION



Shared by Elaine Andre
Joys of Japan, February 2012


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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way

Story about Daruma Dolls with Iris Design


http://darumadollmuseum.blogspot.com/2004/11/kashiwa-daruma.html

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Ayamegusa 菖蒲草 - The words of Ayame
by the first Yoshizawa Ayame (1673? - 1725)



Yoshizawa Ayame I (初代 吉沢 菖蒲)(1673-15 July 1729)
was an early Kabuki actor, and the most celebrated onnagata (specialist in female roles) of his time. His thoughts on acting, and on onnagata acting in particular, are recorded in Ayamegusa (菖蒲草, "The Words of Ayame"), one section of the famous treatise on Kabuki acting, Yakusha Rongo (役者論語, "The Actors' Analects").
. . . Ayame is famous for advocating that onnagata behave as women in all their interactions, both onstage and off. In Ayamegusa, he is quoted as saying that "if [an actor] does not live his normal life as if he was a woman, it will not be possible for him to be called a skillful onnagata."
Following his own advice, Ayame cultivated his femininity throughout his offstage life, and was often treated as a woman by his fellow actors. His mentor, Arashi San'emon, and others are said to have praised him on many occasions for his devotion to his art.
. . . Though most commonly known as Ayame, Yoshizawa took on the stage names of Yoshizawa Kikunojō during a brief stint performing in Edo, and Yoshizawa Gonshichi when performing as a tachiyaku (in male roles). He also used the name "Gonshichi" as a nickname (替名, kaena) used when patronizing a brothel or restaurant. His haimyō (俳名, poetry name) was Shunsui, and his guild name (家名, kamei) Tachibanaya, after his mentor Tachibana Gorozaemon.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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ayame　あやめ was a way to call the cheaper prostitutes at the hatago hostels along the various kaido-roads of the Edo period.
Most came from poor farming families, had to do hard work in the hostels and died at a young age.
They were also called "women to put rice on the plate", meshimori onna　
飯盛り女。


四谷新宿馬糞の中で アヤメ咲くとはしおらしい
Yostuya Shinjuku bafun no naka de ayame saku to wa shiorashii
. prostitutes flowering in Yotsuya and Shinjuku, Edo .


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HAIKU

In 1689 Matsuo Basho (松尾芭蕉) crossed the Natori River and entered Sendai, Miyagi on ‘ The Narrow Road to Oku.’ It was the day they celebrate by converting their roofs with ‘Sweet flags’, or Calami’ (あやめ). He visited there around the time of the Sweet Flags Festival (あやめの節句)(5th day of Fifth Month, also called the Boy’s Festival), when sweet flags were displayed on the eaves of houses to drive away evil spirits, or they took “Shobuyu, or 菖蒲湯 (bath with floating sweet flag leaves)” baths. The leaves keep mosquitoes and snakes away with strong fragrance. As the strong fragrance was believed to drive away bad air, people began to take baths with sweet flag leaves. Furthermore, the plant ‘Sweet Flag’ was believed to be a symbol of the samurai’s bravery because of its sharp sword-like leaves. Even now many families with young boys enjoy “Sweet Flag Bath(shobu yu)” in the Boy’s Festival on May 5.
source : Akita Haiku



CLICK to see more stamps from Oku no Hosomichi.

Basho on his way from Sendai to Hiraizumi.

あやめ草足に結ん草鞋の緒
ayamegusa ashi ni musuban waraji no o

irises in bloom
let me tie around my feet
the cords of the sandals


Matsuo Basho,
Sendai, Oku no Hosomichi
. . . cirje/research



I shall tie
irises to my feet -
sandal thongs

Grass of the sweet flag -
I shall use them to tie
my straw sandals
Tr. Shirane


I will bind iris
Blossoms round my feet―
Cords for my sandals!
Tr. Keene



It looks as if
Iris flowers had bloomed
On my feet -
Sandals laced in blue.
Tr. Yuasa

. the Matsuo Basho Archives 松尾芭蕉 .

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asatsuyu no hajike furueru ayame kana

morning dew
shaking it off trembling
the iris

Gabi Greve
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/happyhaiku/message/61

from the tallest iris
he partakes of the sunset
the tiny frog



Photo and Haiku from Gabi Greve
My Iris and the voice of Buddha (2005)


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われもさす照り降り傘や花菖蒲
ware mo sasu terifurigasa ya hana shoobu

I will also put up
an all-weather umbrella -
iris flowers

Mitsuhashi Takajo 三橋鷹女

. terifuri-gasa 照り降り傘
umbrella for rain and shine .


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In the archives of Shiki you find a collection of haiku about iris from 99.

through the picket fence
the thin blades
of irises
Yu Chang

Evening sunshine
after the rain –
yellow irises
Alison Williams

Read more here:
http://shiki1.cc.ehime-u.ac.jp/~shiki/kukai/kukai63-1.html

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blue irises -
grandmother walks along
without her cane

- Shared by Cristina-Monica Moldoveanu -
Joys of Japan, March 2012


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Watching the iris,
The faint and fragile petals ―
How am I worthy?

Amy Lowell


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紫のさまで濃からず花菖蒲

久保田万太郎 Kubota Mantaroo
http://www.kyoto-np.co.jp/kp/koto/96plant/june/3/hanasyobu.html

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.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Kakitsubata



summer again -
friends of two colors
side by side

© Photo and Haiku by Gabi Greve

Read more of my stories about Kakitsubata:
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2005/06/summer-iris.html


The literal meaning of the Chinese characters 燕子花 is
"Child of the Swallow", because the form of the flower looks like a baby swallow starting its first flight.


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tsubakura mo shoobu fuku hi ni aeri keri

swallows too
the day eaves are thatched with irises
show up

-Issa, 1809

The night before the annual Boy's Festival (fifth day, Fifth Month), eaves of houses were thatched with grafts of blooming irises; Kiyose (Tokyo: Kakugawa Shoten, 1984) 122. The return of the swallows coincides with the human celebration.
Tr. David Lanoue


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Katsushika Hokusai, 1834

stirred by wind
along the wayside
iris bows to strangers

Shared by Isabelle Loverro
Joys of Japan, February 2012





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Related words

The long leaves of the iris (shoobu) reminded the samurai of their swords.
The word SHOOBU　勝負 also means a fight, usually to the death.

***** . seasonal festival of the iris .
菖蒲の節句 shoobu no sekku
The Boy's Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, now May 5.

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kigo for late spring


neji ayame 捩菖蒲 (ねじあやめ) "twisted iris"
barin 馬蘭（ばりん）、baren ばれん、nejibaren ねじばれん
Iris lactea

Grows to about 1 m long. Originated in China, with twisted leaves and light purple flowers.

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Actor Matsumoto Koshiro

. Utagawa Toyokuni . (1769-1825)

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Indian Summer (koharubi)

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Indian Summer, koharubi 　小春日

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: Early winter
***** Category: Season

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Explanation

koharubiyori 小春日和、
ko rokugatsu 小六月"small June"

koharunagi 小春凪（こはるなぎ）no wind at Indian summer time
koharuzora 小春空（こはるぞら) sky at Indian sumer time

Koharu 小春　means a little spring and biyori (hiyori　日和) a fine day any time of the year, literally meaning the sun is at peace. This word has a very gentle ring to the Japanese.
We can add the suffix "biyori" at many other words, like a fine day for an excursion "ensokubiyori"　遠足日和.
According to the Asian Lunar calendar, this was October, but now it is November, when we have a stroke of fine days with bright sunshine.


A warm day in winter, feeling like the coming spring, is quite common, especially after the New Year.

We also have

fuyu atataka 冬暖か (ふゆあたたか) winter is warm
..... fuyu nukushi 冬ぬくし（ふゆぬくし）
toodan 冬暖（とうだん） warm winter
..... dantoo 暖冬（だんとう）

. Winter, the season (fuyu) 　



CLICK for more photos !



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Worldwide use

Why INDIAN ?

The first reference that we have is from a book with the title A Snow Storm as it affects the American Farmer, which was written by a French-American farmer named J H St John de Crèvecoeur in about 1777. In it he said “Then a severe frost succeeds which prepares it to receive the voluminous coat of snow which is soon to follow; though it is often preceded by a short interval of smoke and mildness, called the Indian Summer”.

There are several explanations for where the phrase came from, mostly put forward in the early nineteenth century, which suggested the term was of sufficient antiquity by then that its origin had gone out of living memory. William and Mary Morris suggest it came about because the word “Indian” had been adopted as a term among early colonists to describe something false, or a poor imitation of the real thing, as in Indian corn or Indian tea.

Whatever the reason, this name for a short period of fine weather at the end of autumn is now the standard term, even in Britain, where older names such as St Luke’s summer, St Martin’s summer or All-Hallown Summer are now obsolete or rare.

©　www.worldwidewords.org. /Michael Quinion

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Indian summer

"spell of warm weather after the first frost," first recorded 1778, Amer.Eng., perhaps so called because it was first noted in regions inhabited by Indians, or because the Indians first described it to the Europeans. No evidence connects it with the color of fall leaves or a season of Indian attacks on settlements. It is the Amer.Eng. version of British All-Hallows summer, Fr. été de la Saint-Martin (feast day Nov. 11), etc. Also colloquial was St. Luke's summer (or little summer), period of warm weather occurring about St. Luke's day (Oct. 18).
©　www.etymonline.com

..................................

The term Indian summer has been used for more than two centuries.
The earliest known use was by French American writer St. John de Crevecoeur in rural New York in 1778. There are several theories as to its etymology:

* It may be so named because this was the traditional period during which early North Americans First Nations/Native American harvested their fall crops.
* It may be of Asian Indian origin rather than North American Indian. H. E. Ware, an English writer, noted that ships traversing the Indian Ocean loaded their cargo most often during the Indian summer, or fair weather season. Several ships actually had an "I.S." on their hull at the load level thought safe during Indian summer.

© More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Germany



In German, the Indian summer is called "Altweibersommer", which is a slightly less polite way of saying "old ladies' summer". Interesting though that it should be almost the same in Hungarian, which is a very different language!

We had a few days of Indian summer here in Europe -- October has been a somewhat more "summery" month than anything we have had since the end of April! I exaggerate but infinitely slightly...

Indian summer --
settling to smoke and drink
on the doorstep
(2006)


Indian summer --
walking down the sunny side
of the street
(2007)

Isabelle Prondzynski, October 2007


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Hungary

falling leaves sound
invite to meditation
old ladies' summer

hulló falevelek hangja
meditálásra késztet
vénasszonyok nyara

In Hungarian, the equivalent to the USA "Indian Summer" is the idiom translated "old ladies' summer", vénasszonyok nyara. In this poem it is the last line in the English version and the Hungarian version.

　©　Julianna Kádár

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Russia

"Women's summer" (bahbia leto)


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU


古家のゆがみを直す小春かな
furu-ie no yugami o naosu koharu kana

he repairs the slant
of my old home
during a warm spell in early winter . . .

The cut marker KANA is at the end of line 3.

Buson talks about a carpenter, who had come to repair his home before the winter starts. Since it is a warm day, he works leisurely and we can almost hear the sound of his hammer and saw.

. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .


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小春日やお茶のけむりを眺めをり
koharubi ya ocha no kemuri o nagame-ori

indian summer afternoon -
watching the steam rise
from hot green tea

Etsuko Yanagibori
(Tr. Gabi Greve)
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/cherrypoetryclub/message/20609

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Indian summer –
the rattle of cornstalks
in a windy field

Indian summer -
earth-scented breeze strokes
my daughter’s hair

Indian summer –
all the windows on the street
open

Indian summer –
a new bird
at my window

Indian summer –
overhead an airplane
rocks its wings three times

Zhanna Rader

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indian summer--
in the patches of sunlight
schoolgirls bundle up

Angèle Lux

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Indian summer --
balcony spider weaves
between the rails

Isabelle Prondzynski, 2005


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Indian summer
the acupuncturist brings his cactus
back outside

From my new book “the canary funeral”
- Shared by Alan Pizzarelli -
Joys of Japan, 2012



*****************************
Related words

***** Goose summer

In the days of Middle English, a period of mild weather in late autumn or early winter was sometimes called a "gossomer," literally "goose summer." People may have chosen that name for a late-season warm spell because October and November were the months when people felt that geese were at their best for eating.
"Gossomer" was also used in Middle English as a word for filmy cobwebs floating through the air in calm clear weather, apparently because somebody thought the webs looked like the down of a goose. This sense eventually inspired the adjective "gossamer," which means "light, delicate, or tenuous" - just like cobwebs or goose down.

goose summer--
many colors fill
forest and field

"chibi" (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes)
Ocotober 2007



Origin:
Gossomer, gossummer, gosesomer, gosamer, gossamer, perh. For goose summer, from its downy appearance, or perh. For God's summer, cf. G. Mariengarr gossamer, properly Mary's yarn, in allusion to the Virgin Mary. Perhaps the E. Word alluded to a legend that the gossamer was the remnant of the Virgin Mary's winding sheet, which dropped from her when she was taken up to heaven.
For the use of summer in the sense of film or threads, cf. G. Maedchensommer, Altweibersommer, fliegender Sommer, all meaning, gossamer.

Source: Websters Dictionary

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. . . . WINTER - - the complete SAIJIKI

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Ikebana

[ . BACK to worldkigo TOP . ]
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Ikebana / Flower Arrangement

***** Location: Japan, other countries
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation


Origa (Olga Hooper)


ikebana 生け花,　いけ花, 生花　literally "living flowers"
活花、活け花
hana o ikeru　花を活ける literally maybe: "to bring the flowers to life"
the way of the flowers, kadoo　花道

In Japan, one of the oldest uses of arranging flowers in special vases was used by Buddhist monks to decorate the altar. Flowers were one of the special offerings to a Buddhist deity, apart from light (candles) and incense.

Obviously ancient China influenced Japan strongly, just as we in the West were influenced by Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. This is also true of Ikebana, "The Way of the Flower" (kadoo 花道）. The early ideas travelled to Japan with Chinese monks but the formalisation of the Art occured through many generations of devoted Japanese Masters.They developed progressive new forms from basic principles that had been set. Schools were set up to pass on the heritage to new generations and these became the workshops where the art was distilled to its essence.


The origin of Ikebana stretches back over 500 years. The oldest Ikebana manuscript, "Kao irai no Kadensho" dates from 1486. The famous "Senno Kuden" manuscript, by the founder of the Ikenobo School of Ikebana, was written in 1542. Since this time, many styles have appeared, disappeared and developed.
When Buddhism was introduced to Japan in about 538A.D, monks started to arrange flowers to decorate the altars of temples. In the Heian period (794-1192), appreciating flowers in a vase unrelated to religious worship also became popular. There are number of novels, essays and poems of that time which describe the aristocracy enjoying flower arranging and admiring arrangements of flowers.
In the Kamakura period (1192-1333), the Samurai (elite warrior class) wrested the power of government from the aristocrats and brought great lifestyle and fashion changes into the whole of Japanese society.

Read more about the history of Ikebana and the different schools in Japan.
- Reference -



Flower arrangement フラワー‐アレンジメント
is a word also used for other types of Western floral arrangements,
not in the way Japanese ikebana is done.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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kigo for the New Year

ikezome 生初 (いけぞめ) first flower arrangement
..... seika hajime 生花始（せいかはじめ）
..... sooka hajime 挿花始（そうかはじめ）


. NEW YEAR - KIGO for HUMANITY


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Sogetsu-School of Ikebana


Ikebana Net
http://www.ikebana-net.com/





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quote
Aibi 4th Annual Sogetsu Ikebana show 2011
. . . . . As I pondered the eyeless dolls, and the symbolism associated with them, and what Japan is dealing with in the wake of the recent disasters, the themes of vision and resilience emerged.

More photos are here at Nihonbi
source : nihonbi.wordpress.com


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Worldwide use

Germany

Exhibition of Haiku and Ikebana in Germany.
Leader is Sachiko Schmid.

. . . CLICK here for Photos !



*****************************
Things found on the way

Meet Erika Schwalm

Erika is/was a member of our World Kigo Forum.

Homepage von Erika Schwalm, Riji Meisterin der Sogetsu-Schule Tokyo und Leiterin des Frankfurter Haikukreises.

Februarregen.
Im Zimmer ruht die Spinne
am Ikebanabild.

February rain.
In the room a spider rests
at the Ikebana picture.

(Tr. Gabi Greve)
http://haiku.zeigdich-online.de/

She loves nature and the Japanese gardens and tries to combine various arts, like music, ikebana and haiku.


.... Erika Schwalm, - In Memoriam December 2005


*****************************
HAIKU

During a haikai meeting in the Edo period, it was custom to perform an ikebana arrangement after the guest of honour had written the first poem (hokku　発句) with a seasonal hint.


rikka 立花 "standing flowers"


Rikka style was established in the Muromachi period, in the 15th century. It is said to be the foundation of Ikebana, from which Shoka, Moribana and Nageire styles evolved.
the traditional Rikka Shofutai and the more modern,
Rikka Shimputai.
source : ikebanabyjunko.co.uk


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たくさんの活け花のある寒さかな
takusan no ikebana no aru samusa kana

there are so many
ikebana flower arrangements
in the cold

Kishimoto Naoki 岸本尚毅


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an Ikebana
a cosmic arc of
a leaf ~
brahman~Narayanan~


single leaf
the curve of beauty
unmeasured
drussell


Ikebana
the center stalk
world in a vase
Angelika Kolompar

http://home.alc.co.jp/db/owa/PH_detail?photo_sn_in=981


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source :　facebook

an ikebana moment


**********************************
Related words


*****　Bonsai 盆栽

Bonsai (literally "potted plant")
is the art of aesthetic miniaturization of trees by growing them in containers. Originating in Chinese penjing (Chinese /Japanese bonkei : 盆景, "tray scenery"), Japanese bonsai developed its localization of techniques and aesthetics after its introduction to Japan by imperial embassies returning from China in the ninth century. In Western culture, the word "bonsai" is commonly used as an umbrella term for all miniature trees.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !



盆栽や　悠久な時の　夏の夜
bonsai ya yuukyuu na toki no natsu no yoru

admiring bonsai !
time passes elegantly this
summer night

Gabi Greve, August 2006 　








. Takamatsu Bonsai Exhibition 2008 .


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planted in a vase
a large tree
- bonsai art



Rogerio Viana/ Rosa Clement, Brasil

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Ikebana from Hata san, Japan


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Ways to decorate plants on a portable stand



shimadai, shima-dai 島台 "portable island"
stand in the shape of an island




suhamadai, suhama-dai 州浜台 "beach stand"
standing trays with sandbar patterns

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kigo for all summer

suiban 水盤 (すいばん) shallow basin
shallow container for displaying flower arrangements
Iit can be filled with stones or other things too that make us feel cool in summer.
Sometimes small crabs can swimm in it.
It is mostly made of pottery or metal.



. . . CLICK here for ikebana suiban Photos !


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hakoniwa 箱庭 (はこにわ) landscape garden

A miniature landscape garden, prepared in a box or basin with tiny plants, stones, miniature houses, miniature bridges, etc.
It lends a feeling of coolness to a room in summer.

. . . CLICK here for Photos !





Yumedono cactus, Haworthia emelyae, ハオルチア.


箱庭に置く夢殿のなかりけり
hakoniwa ni oku Yumedono no nakari keri

alas there is no
"Hall of Dreams" I could put
in my landscape garden . . .

Nakata Go 中田剛 (1943 - )



This is a play of words with the famous building

Yume-dono 夢殿 Hall of Dreams
at Temple Horyu-ji, Nara



. hakoniwa gangu 箱庭玩具 toy tools for a landscape garden .


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winter forest work
a hairdresser clips
his bonsai

Stella Pierides
source : facebook December 2011


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filling
emptiness of the room
with ikebana

- Shared by Ram Krishna Singh -
Joys of Japan, 2012


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. keman 華鬘 flower garlands .
temple decorations

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"Arranging flowers"
Katsushika Hokusai

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Iced Coffee, aisu-koohii (Japan)

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Iced Coffee, aisu-koohii　アイスコーヒー

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: All Summer
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

In Japan, we have iced coffee, meaning hot coffe cooled down with ice cubes and drunk with milk and sweet syrup.



There is also Coffee Float,
cold coffee with floating vanilla ice cream and plenty of whipped cream.


http://www.grkt.com/message/cnv_img.php?img=0405011136

Both are of course favorites in summer and some stores do not sell them in the winter months.
It is best with dripp coffee and ice, but now of course we have also instant ice coffee, cans and bottles to choose from.
It is usually served in a high glass, but can also be served in a mug of copper, where the dewdrops create an extra effect of coolness.

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How to prepare Iced Coffee in Japan.
http://www.shiinoki-coffee.com/drip/08/

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Worldwide use

Bermuda Ice Coffee
Put a cup of coffee to which cream and sugar has been added in a blender. Add 1 or 2 scoops of Coffee ice cream. Blend. Serve in cold mug or glass.
http://www.culinarycafe.com/Drinks/Bermuda_Iced_Coffee.html

England
We don't tend to drink iced tea or iced coffee in England so "cold coffee" doesn't evoke any particular season here.
Eryu

Germany
We have Eiskaffee, which is coffee with vanilla ice cream and whipped cream, as the Japanese call the floating coffee. After all, not the coffee is floating, but the ice cream in it.
Gabi Greve

Greek Eiscaffee with Kahlua
http://www.eckes.org/article.php?sid=134

Thai Iced Coffee with Cardamon
http://www.recipesource.com/ethnic/asia/thai/00/rec0005.html
http://coffeefaq.com/coffaq7.htm#ThaiIcedCoffee

USA
Perception of kigo is strongly cultural, laced throughout its literature, customs, etc. For me if the season isn't obvious I don't feel it's a good kigo for my American culture. Cold coffee has little precedence as a kigo for me.
For example 'hot chocolate' is a good American Winter kigo, books and movies are filled with it as a Winter beverage and is a common treat for children after playing in the snow. Even regions in America where there is no snow and hot chocolate is rare, its presence in books and movies make it known there as well.
Although iced drinks are appreciated more in the summer many are consumed all year while others have a distinct seasonal quality. For me iced coffee and iced pop don't have a strong seasonal precedence but iced lemonade does again with its presence in books and movies.
Michael Baribeau

Vietnamese Iced Coffee, illustrated. Ca phe sua da.
http://www.vaneats.com/features/vietnamese.iced.coffee
http://coffeefaq.com/coffaq7.htm#VietIcedCoffee

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Things found on the way

The Ultimate Coffee Page
How to brew the ultimate drink
Is water important?
How to store coffee?
Growing coffee trees
And so on and so on
http://coffeefaq.com/coffaq.htm

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The origin of the Chinese characters for coffee 珈琲


- reference source : nsh-s.com/wp... -

、蘭学者で津山藩医の宇田川榕菴
In Okayama there was a school for rangaku 蘭学 learning of the West.
One of the masters there was 宇田川榕菴 Udagawa Yoan.
He knew the Dutch word ｋｏｆｆｉｅ.
There are now sometimes memorial services in a temple, where coffee is offered to the ancestors and the visitors
- but in tea cups of the time.

. Udagawa Yōan 宇田川榕菴 Udagawa Yoan .
(1798 - 1846)


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HAIKU

Seen in Thailand on the rural market place, but also in many other places in Asia:

iced coffee -
the boy stirrs his drink
with the fingers

Eiscaffee -
der Junge ruehrt im Glas
mit dem Finger

Gabi Greve

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Related words

***** Cold Coffee
iced coffee, ice coffee, Eiskaffee
Kigo for all summer
WASHOKU : COLD COFFEE

Of course, in winter, it cools faster -- the indoor temperature in Irish homes is often so chilly that coffee is already cold before one is quite ready to drink it... shiver!

"Kalter Kaffee" (cold coffee) is German for old hat -- stale news, something that has had its day, something one cannot take seriously any more...
Isabelle Prondzynski

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HAIKU

Cold coffee,
dark as the morning light –
one abandoned cup.

Isabelle Prondzynski

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bus stop bench
coffee in a paper cup
half frozen

Carol Raisfeld

The winter kigo is frozen.

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***** Hot Coffee
Kigo for Winter
WASHOKU : HOT COFFEE

Hot coffee can be enjoyed at any season, even at an Ice-coffeeshop in summer on a warm terrasse.
But as a warming experience, it is a winter kigo.


HAIKU

hot coffee---
the stench of
unscaled fish

Robert Wilson

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bundled children
walking to school-
hot coffee

The winter kigo is bundled.

hot coffee-
forsythia blooms
blind the drivers

'forsythia' , kigo for spring, is a bush full of yellow blossoms, plantedalong the highways in my state.

Kate

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***** Eiscaffee
Kigo for All Summer

A cafeteria where you can enjoy your hot or cold or iced coffee. In Germany they are open all summer, usually serving delicious Italian icecream too. Some Italian Eiscaffees also serve Pizza all year long. They are very popular in Germany.
http://tinyurl.com/52jjp

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. Cappuccino with Dragon design .



WASHOKU ... Japanese DRINKS SAIJIKI

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