3/17/2011

Patrick's Day

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St. Patrick's Day

***** Location: Ireland, worldwide
***** Season: Spring (March 17)
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

St Patrick is the Patron Saint of Ireland,
and his feast day on 17 March is a public holiday celebrated with much enthusiasm. St Patrick's Day always falls within the season of Lent, and for those who keep the fast, it is a day of respite, when the fast may be broken before (hopefully!) being resumed until Easter Eve.

St Patrick's Day is a day of great celebration in all Cathedrals and churches named after St Patrick (foremost among them being St Patrick's Cathedrals of Downpatrick and Dublin) as well as the places most closely associated with the life of St Patrick, such as Slane and Tara (where St Patrick is said to have lit the Easter Fire -- an event which directly led to the Christianisation of Ireland).

Nowadays, St Patrick's Day is also associated with greeting cards, parades, and public firework displays -- as well as with American celebrations, which include green beer, green rivers, gigantic green hats and celebrations in the White House (attended by numerous Irish politicians and VIPs).

Isabelle Prondzynski

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Apostle of Ireland, born at Kilpatrick, near Dumbarton, in Scotland, in the year 387; died at Saul, Downpatrick, Ireland, 17 March, 461.
.. .. .. .. .. More is here:
http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=89


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Prayer for St Patrick's Day :

Almighty God,
in your providence you chose your servant Patrick,
to be the apostle of the Irish people
to bring those who were wandering in darkness and error
to the true light and knowledge of your Word:
Grant that walking in that light
we may come at last to the light of everlasting life;
through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Amen


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St Patrick - the story

St Patrick was born a Briton under Roman rule - the exact location of his birthplace isn't known but it was either the north of England or southern Scotland.

In his teens he was kidnapped and brought to Ireland as a slave by Niall of the Nine Hostages, a famous king of Ireland whose son Laoghaire was later to play a large part in Patrick's mission to convert Ireland to Christianity.

Patrick was taken to Antrim where he was sold to a local landowner, Meliuc, who put him to work as a shepherd.

For six long years Patrick lived upon the Slemish mountain with only his sheep for company. The land was bleak and the conditions harsh but Patrick found solace in the faith that his people had abandoned under Roman rule. He prayed day and night to the Christian God who brought him comfort during this time.

One night he heard a voice calling to him, telling him that the time had come to escape. It told him, "See, your ship is ready." Patrick knew that he had to travel south to seek the ship God had told him of. He travelled for 200 miles until he came to Wexford where, sure enough, a boat heading for Britain was waiting.

Patrick approached the captain, who at first denied him passage. He turned away, praying for God's guidance. Before he finished the prayer he heard a member of the crew calling to him to come with them - they had changed their mind and could provide him with safe passage home.

Patrick did not seem destined to have an easy life - when travelling home through Britain he was captured by a band of brigands, who returned him to slavery. Desperate, Patrick heard God's voice reassuring him that, "Two months will you be with them."

Sure enough, after sixty days in their company, God delivered him from their hands. Patrick then spent seven years travelling throughout Europe trying to determine what his purpose on earth was. Eventually he came to the conclusion that he should study to become a true servant of God, taking his message throughout the world.

He first studied at the Lerin Monastery, situated on an island off the Cote d' Azur. On completing his studies he returned to Britain as a priest. He remained in Britain until a voice came to him in a dream. He recognised it as the voice of the Irish, which begged him, "We beseech thee, holy youth, to come and walk once more amongst us." At this point, Patrick's purpose in life was revealed to him - he would convert the Irish to Christianity.

This and more here :
http://www.saint-patrick.com/history.htm

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Saint Patrick's Day Parades

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Contrary to popular belief, this tradition did not originate in Ireland. The first St. Patrick's Day celebration in America was in 1737 hosted by the Charitable Irish Society of Boston. Today festive parades are held all over the world, for no more sinister purpose than raising a glass to the saint and celebrating Irishness.
http://www.ireland.com/events/st.patricks/articles/article4.htm

Read more here:
. Reference : Parades

. . . . .


Greeting cards

The Irish postal services (An Post) issue annual greeting cards and postcards at a standard price including the stamp for anywhere in the world. It has become a custom to send St Patrick's Day greetings to any Irish friends or relatives living abroad. Many of the cards are humorous, and most are received with a sense of joy and nostalgia combined.

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St. Patrick's Day Postcard

St. Patrick's Day Postcard, that features the stained glass window depicted on the 2005 stamp.
. http://www.irishstamps.ie/


President's greeting

The President of Ireland issues a St Patrick's Day message and greeting to the Irish abroad, many of whom work abroad in emergency relief or development organisations, or as missionaries or church workers all over the globe.


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Worldwide use

St Patrick's Day is now celebrated in many parts of the world. Outside Ireland, it is the carnival element that has caught on -- whether it be in the streets of New York or Tokyo, or in the Irish Pubs of Berlin or Warsaw.

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Galway's African community shared in the fun;
St Patrick is the patron saint of not only Ireland, but also Nigeria.


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Things found on the way


QUIZ
So you think you know a lot about Ireland?
Here are 50 questions to test the wits of any would-be hibernophile. Have a go to see if you're guaranteed Irish or simply a plastic paddy.
http://www.irishtimes.com/events/st.patricks/quiz//


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KENYA


St Patrick’s Outing, Nairobi 2007


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HAIKU


rainbow threads arching
shamrock skies and golden coins
St. Pat perfection

St. Patrick symbols
shades of Ireland memories
clover and claddagh

shamrock sentiments
emerald clover conveying
an Irish blessing

Judith A.Lindberg
www.bry-backmanor.org/holidayfun/patspoetry2.html

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Anti-War Haiku Wall Spring Haiku—2003
Mark Johnson (USA)

somber St. Patrick’s—
winter-weary New Yorkers
brace for spring attacks.

www.tempslibres.org/awhw/seq/seq04.html


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St. Patricks-day
the festive parades
for peace


Geert Verbeke
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2004/01/friends-geert-verbeke.html

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St. Patrick‘s Day –
not knowing any better,
lambs dance a set

Paddy Bushe
(Ireland – transl. from the Irish by the author and Anatoly Kudryavitsky)

From Shamrock Haiku Journal No 2, 2007.


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St. Patrick's Day
to be or not to be Irish
is that the question?

Chen-ou Liu
Canada, 2011



Artwork: Constanta Erca, Haiku composition: Ioana Dinescu


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From Don Baird, USA :

Originally, when St. Patrick was on his mission trips to Ireland he would use the Shamrock (three leaf clover) as a symbol of the trinity. It was his visual aid in regards to the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

St. Patrick’s Day –
a tavern’s three cheers
for the shamrock!

. . .


Blue was the original special color of the day. It wasn't until much later that green took it over. Most probably it occurred as a result of St. Patrick using a green leaf to explain the trinity. So, if you wore blue today, you would be pinched in jest! Tomorrow, it might be enough green to keep you from being pinched. But, sorry ... it's too late!
It is a wearing of the green ceremony now.

the wearing of green ...
blue hues of the past
pinched



St. Paddie's ...
yesterday's pinch
green today!



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The St Patrick's Day parade is the largest parade in the world. They have well over a 100,000 participants marching in the parade. The streets are full of spectators and participants combined. The 69th Infantry leads the way by being the first event in the parade. They have been doing that for years!

69th Infantry –
walking the streets
of New York



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St Patrick's Day
I chat with a leprechaun
after the black stuff

St Paddies night
enjoying the craic
and the fiddler's jig

wearing the shamrock
all the wild rovers
sing Molly Malone


Grace Galton
Somerset, England


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St Paddy's Day
annual free for all
of green and black

no more snakes
lots more guinness
Ireland heaves a contented sigh

green grow the rushes
green are Molly's eyes
green sunrise in Ireland

a frenzy of green
a light shower
a golden sunset


Seaview, 2011


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St. Patrick’s Day—
black Irish don’t
wear green

St. Paddie’s Day . . .
hoping for a pinch
or a pat

St. Patrick’s Day—
why must the beer
be green?


Margaret Dornaus, U.S., 2011

CLICK for more photos


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saint Patrick's day..
even the rivers
run green


- Shared by John Byrne -
Haiku Culture Magazine, 2013



St. Patrick's Day -
with songs and beer,
we are all Irish

blagdan sv. Patrika -
uz pjesme i pivo
svi smo Irci


- Shared by Tomislav Maretic -


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Related words

***** . WKD : Christian Celebrations

***** . WKD : Memorial Days of Saints



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2/03/2011

Setsubun Festival (February 3)

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. Oni wa uchi 鬼は内 Demons come in ! .
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Setsubun, the "Seasonal Divide" (Japan)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Late winter (February 3)
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

The seasonal divide, setsubun 節分 せつぶん
February 3, the day before the beginning of spring (risshun 立春) according to the asian lunar calendar.

"Bean-throwing, mamemaki 豆まき、豆撒き, 豆撒"

This festival has its problems in the haiku world, being in the second lunar month (climate in Edo would be March now, and it was related to the New Year rituals also.)
WKD : Calendar Systems, Asian Lunar Calendar

. The Twelfth Lunar Month 十二月 juunigatsu - in Edo - .


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toshiotoko, toshi otoko 年男(としおとこ)"man of the year"
(male born in the year with the same Asian zodiac animal)
toshionna, toshi onna 年女(としおんな)"woman of the year"

During the New Year rituals of a household, one of the men in the household

waka otoko 若男(わかおとこ)"young man"
sechi otoko 節男(せちおとこ)"man for the seasonal festival)
yaku otoko 役男(やくおとこ)"man to perform duties"
manriki otoko 万力男(まんりきおとこ)"man with a thousand strength"
iwai taroo 祝太郎(いわいたろう)"Taro for Rituals"

He has to perform the duties of the household with respect to the "God of the Year" (Toshitoku Jin)
SAIJIKI – NEW YEAR OBSERVANCES


fukumame, fuku mame 福豆(ふくまめ)lucky beans
toshitori mame 年取豆(としとりまめ)"beans the number of the years of a person"
..... toshi no mame 年の豆(としのまめ)
To be eaten by each, according to his/her age.

oniuchimame, oni uchi mame 鬼打豆(おにうちまめ)
beans to throw at the demons
..... oni no mame 鬼の豆(おにのまめ)
mameuchi, mame uchi 豆打(まめうち)"throwing beans"
..... mame hayasu 豆はやす(まめはやす)

fuku wa uchi 福は内(ふくはうち)"Good luck, come in!"
oni wa soto 鬼は外(おにはそと)"Demons, go out! "



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yakubarai 厄払 やくばらい
Casting off the Old Impurities and Sins


yakuotoshi, yaku otoshi 厄落 (やくおとし)
Casting off the Old Impurities and Sins

yakumoode, yaku moode 厄詣(やくもうで)
visiting a shrine for purification rituals

yaku no takigi 厄の薪(やくのたきぎ)purification firewood
People write their name, age and codiac symbol on a piece of wood and throw it in the flames of a fire for purification

fuguri otoshi ふぐり落し(ふぐりおとし) "loosing something"
To leave behind the "old self", people would throw away a personal belonging, like a hairpin, on a crossroads to make it difficult for bad luck to follow them home after the shrine visit.


observance kigo for the New Year
. onna setsubun 女節分(おんなせつぶん)
setsubun for women .

at Yoshida Shrine, Kyoto 吉田神社


. Yakubarai - Amulets and Talismans from Japan . 

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source : artelino.com/archive

In with the Fortune, Out with the Devil!
Yoshitora Utagawa active ca. 1840-1880


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Setsubun on February 3 is the time to think about Demons.

Oni wa soto, Fuku wa uchi !
Demons, out you go! Good Luck, please come in!


On February 3rd of 2005, Setsubun will be celebrated throughout Japan. Falling at the end of the period defined by the solar principal term Daikan (Severe Cold), Setsubun occurs one day before the sectional term Risshun (Spring Begins). The setsu of Setsubun (literally "sectional separation") originally referred to the eve of any of the 24 divisions of the solar year (see The Lunar Calendar in Japan for an explanation of these divisions). However, the Setsubun associated with "Spring Begins" gained significance as a symbol of Toshi Koshi (year passing) or Jyo Jitsu (accepting the old year) by marking the completion of the cycle of the 24 divisions of the solar year. Only this Setsubun is still marked on the official calendar.

Setsubun achieved the status of an imperial event and further took on symbolic and ritual significance relative to its association with prospects for a "returning sun", associated climatic change, renewal of body and mind, expulsion of evil, symbolic rebirth, and preparation for the coming planting season. Customs surrounding this day apparently date as early as the Ming Dynasty in China, and in Japanese form, began to take shape in the Muromachi Era (1392-1573).

Setsubun has been celebrated in many ways, but perhaps the most common custom found throughout Japan is the traditional Mame Maki or the scattering/throwing of beans (mame) to chase away the evil oni (ogres, evil spirits). In some ritual forms, the Toshi Otoko [literally "year man" but referring either to the "man of the house" or to men who are born in the animal sign of the coming year (bird for the year 2005)] will throw mame within the house or at someone perhaps dressed as oni and repeat the saying
Oni wa Soto; Fuku wa Uchi (Get out Ogre! Come in Happiness!).

After the ritual throwing of the beans, family members may then pick up the number of beans corresponding to their age; eating these brings assurance of good fortune in the coming year. These days, of course, it is not uncommon to see children dressed in masks of oni, others madly throwing beans, and all gleefully shouting for evil to hit the road. Prominent temples in Japan may also find monks or celebrities showering large crowds of people with mame to ward off spirits and welcome the renewal of the coming New Year.

Read more about this Spring festival.
http://www2.gol.com/users/stever/setsubun.htm

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Young Man Throwing Beans at Setsubun 節分の儀式(豆撒き)
鈴木春信 Suzuki Harunobu (1725–1770)

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Throwing Beans at the Temple in Narita




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.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Some Questions and Answers
Thanks go to gK and Etsuko Yanagibori

Is is dried soy beans, pan-fried soy beans, or sugar-coated soy beans?
I buy pan-fried soy beans at the store. But in recent years, some people use peanuts with peel, it is better to clean the room after the event

Are they thrown in the house, or out the door?
We throw them in both directions: in the house (Fuku wa uchi, luck come in) and out the door (Oni wa soto, Demons go out) .

People born in the Year with this lunar animal sign will throw beans at famous temples and shrines. These people are called "Man of the year, toshi okoko" or "Woman of the year, toshi onna". Also in kindergardens and families, we throw beans.
I did this event with my all family when my children were small.

Do you eat the same number of beans as your age, or it your age + one beans?
I eat as many beans as my age . That is the custom in my region. This custom dates back to the Muromachi Period.
Setsubun is before the day of the first day of the Lunar New Year the evening , we will decorate sardine heads (iwashi) and holly leaves (hiiragi) in front of entrance.

And is there, or is there not "a famous monk" (unnamed) associated with driving away "oni" by throwing beans?
There is no famuse monk associated with Setubun.
The event started during the Muromachi period on New Year Eve (old lunar calendar). At that period, contagious diseasees had spread in the capital of Kyoto (Miyako).
http://markun.cs.shinshu-u.ac.jp/japan/f_custom/mame.html

Etsuko Yanagibori

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Read about Smallpox, Diseases, the Color Red and Daruma
. WKD : the Color Red and Daruma .



Green (blue), red and black demon

http://allabout.co.jp/fashion/colorcoordinate/closeup/CU20020201A/rozan01-w300.jpg

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Worldwide use

Setsubun has its origins in tsuina (追儺),

. tsuina 追儺 "demon exorcism" .
Tsuina-shiki rituals
hoosooshi, hōsōshi 方相氏(ほうそうし)Hososhi, demon exorcist

. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - Index - .

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Things found on the way


- quote -
Here is what Lafcadio Hearn had to say on the subject:

The other festival I wish to refer to is that of Setsubun, which according to the ancient calendar, corresponded with the beginning of the natural year: the period when winter first softens into spring. It is what we might term, according to Professor Chamberlain, a sort of movable feast, and it is chiefly famous for the curious ceremony of the casting out of devils: Oni-yarai. On the eve of the Setsubun, a little after dark, the Yaku-otoshi, or “caster-out of devils,” wanders through the streets from house to house, rattling his shakujō, uttering his strange, professional cry: “Oni wa soto! Fuku wa uchi!” (Devils out! Good fortune in!)



For an insignificant fee, he performs his little exorcism in any house to which he is called. This simply consists of the recitation of certain parts of a Buddhist kyō, or sutra, and the rattling of the shakujō. Afterwards, dried peas (shiro-mame) are thrown about the house in four directions. For some mysterious reason, devils do not like dried peas and flee. The scattered peas are later swept up and carefully preserved until the first clap of spring thunder is heard; when it is the custom to cook and eat some of them. But just why, I cannot find out. Neither can I discover the origin of the dislike by devils of dried peas. On the subject of this dislike, however, I confess my sympathy with devils.

After the devils have been properly cast out, a small charm is placed above all the entrances of the building to keep them from coming back again. This consists of a little stick about the length and thickness of a skewer, a single holly leaf, and the head of a dried iwashi: a fish resembling a sardine. The stick is stuck through the middle of the holly leaf and the fish’s head is fastened into a split made in one end of the stick; the other end being slipped into some joint of the woodwork immediately above a door. Why the devils are afraid of the holly leaf and the fish’s head, nobody seems to know. Among the people, the origin of all these curious customs appears to be quite forgotten. The families of the upper classes who still maintain such customs, believe in the superstitions relating to the festival just as little as Englishmen today believe in the magical virtues of mistletoe or ivy.

This ancient and merry annual custom of casting out devils has been, for generations, a source of inspiration to Japanese artists. It is only after a long acquaintance with popular customs and ideas, that the foreigner can learn to appreciate the delicious humor of many creations of art, which he may indeed wish to buy, just because they are so oddly attractive in themselves; however, which must really remain enigmas to them, so far as their inner meaning is concerned: unless he knows Japanese life. The other day, a friend gave me a little card case of perfumed leather. On one side was stamped in relief the face of a devil, through whose open mouth could be seen the laughing, chubby face of Otafuku, joyful Goddess of Good Luck, painted on the silk lining of the interior. In itself, the thing was very curious and pretty; but the real merit of its design was this comic symbolism of good wishes for the New Year: Oni wa soto! Fuku wa uchi.

(From
"The Annotated Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan By Lafcadio Hearn, Volume II," Edited by Hayato Tokugawa, and to be published later this month by Shisei-Do Publications)

- source : Hayato Tokugawa

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More about the Japanese Demons, Oni 日本の鬼の話

. WKD : Oni, Japanese Demons .


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No Beans About It

There is an expression in English, "no beans about it" which means that there is no problems. I wonder where this expression came from?I always associated it with chili (the food) in that in Texas it is believed that you ruin chili if you add beans.
Chibi

From the QPB Encyclopopedia of Word and Phrase Origins by Robert Hendrickson, Facts On File, Inc, 1998 comes the following:

doesn't know beans.
Boston, home of the "bean eaters," "home of the bean and the cod," may be behind the phrase. Walsh, in his Handbook of Literary Curiosities (1892), says that the American expression originated as a sly dig at Boston's pretensions to culture, a hint that Bostonians knew that Boston baked beans were good to eat, that they were made from small white "pea beans"--even if Bostonians knew nothing else.
It may also be that the American phrase is a negative rendering of the British saying "he knows how many beans make five"--that is, he is no fool, he's well informed--an expression that probably originated in the days when children learned to count by using beans. But he doesn't know beans, "he don't know from nothing," possibly has a much simpler origin tha[n] either of these theories. It probably refers to the fact that beans are little things of no great worth, as in the expression "not worth a row (or hill) of beans."
Ed Schwellenbach


Another expression in my early Texas (through the South in general, and back to England between the time of William the Conqueror and Cromwell's taking over the government during the Protestant Revolution) family is, 'It doesn't amount to a hill of beans,' meaning something had been blown up out of proportion, when actually it was not important. Coming from an agrarian society, where beans grew prolifically and were cheap to plant, this had a lot of significance in everyday conversation.
Johnye Strickland

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Setsubun Daruma - 節分だるま
source : kokoro egao

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Setsubun Daruma from Shrine Yoshida Jinja 吉田神社
. End of the Lunar Year and Setsubun .

..... setsubun moode 節分詣(せつぶんもうで) Setsubun Mode pilgrimage
visiting a temple or shrine at the change of the season
..... 節分籠(せつぶんごもり) staying at home during the change of the season
retreat at Setsubun
(setsubun according to the Asian lunar calendar was the end of winter / beginning of spring)
kigo for late winter


. Yoshida Shrine 吉田神社, Yoshida jinja .


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Tsuina shiki 追儺式 Tsuina Purification Ceremony
古式追儺式神事 at Setsubun

At this shrine, the demons are not seen to bring evil and bad luck, but to protect the humans and burn evil in the fire of their pine torches and cut bad influence with their large swords.

. Nagata Shrine in Kobe 長田神社  神戸 .


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HAIKU


鬼の出た跡はき出してあぐら哉
oni no deta ato hakidashite agura kana

I sweep up
what the demons left,
sit down, relax

Tr. Chris Drake


This humorously bittersweet hokku, which seems to be based on memory, was written in the 11th month (December) of 1822, when Issa was recovering from a fall by staying at Yudanaka hot springs and at some students' houses. I think the hokku is about the astonishment everyone feels at one time or another at how deceptively simple life can sometimes appear. Issa evokes the last night of lunar winter, a night which usually falls in early February, soon before lunar New Year's. On this night either the owner of a house, the heir, or a man born in a certain year in the yin-yang zodiacal cycle would purify the house by walking around to all the rooms and shouting, "Good fortune in, demons out!" At the same time, he would throw parched soybeans at the invisible demons, thereby driving them out of the house. In some cases people played the role of visible demons, in which case the parched beans were thrown at them, causing them to escape outside. Even today, many people perform this ritual, usually in streamlined form.

It's not clear which style of demon purification the hokku refers to, since the ritual has already finished. Issa's focus is on sweeping up all the beans left on the floor and on the ground just outside the house and also, perhaps, on picking up hastily abandoned demon masks and costumes. When he finishes cleaning (together with his wife?), he can finally relax and sits in an informal, cross-legged way on the floor in sharp contrast to the stiff, formal way the ritual was performed. Although Issa performs the ritual as a social custom, he almost surely does not think there were actually demons in his house until just a few minutes earlier, and as he now sits doing nothing he may well feel the pathos of the ritual and wish it could actually be what it claims to be. If life were that simple and avoiding problems that easy, his life until then -- and the lives of most people -- would have been very happy. In retrospect, the hokku seems almost ironic, since the next year was perhaps the most difficult year in Issa's life, with his wife dying in the fifth month and his young son Konzaburo dying in the twelfth month.

Chris Drake

. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


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hit by a demon
still holding my hand
at the Setsubun meet

Masasue Yumiko
http://www.ecf.or.jp/shiki/2001/100haiku-e.html


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Related words

***** Beginning of Spring (risshun) 立春: early Spring
risshun, beginning of spring [one of the 24 Seasonal Essences (fortnightly periods); the next day after Setsubun, February 2 or 3.


. SPRING - HARU .

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***** Setsubun-Soo, setsubunsoo 節分草 "Setsubun plant"
Shibateranthis pinnatifida



.. .. .. .. .. Essay by Linda Inoki, the Japan Times 2005

It's not that I am out of touch with the world --
But I am better off
Playing by myself.

By Ryokan (1757-1831), from "Selected Tanka,"
translated by Sanford Goldstein, Shigeo Mizuguchi and Fujisato Kitajima (Kokodo)

In the traditional Japanese hana kotoba (language of flowers), the icy-white blooms of the setsubun-so mean "I want to be alone," and, in their austere simplicity, we can see a reflection of the life of the renowned Zen hermit Ryokan. These plants bloom amid the retreating snow, around the time of the festival of setsubun (changing-of-the-season day), and so they were named setsubun-so, literally "setsubun flowers." According to the ancient lunar calendar in use in Japan until Jan. 1, 1873 (when the Gregorian calendar replaced it), the third day of the second month marks the departure of winter. So spring is in the air!

Despite its delicate appearance, Shibateranthis pinnatifida is a tough alpine plant adapted to growing in woodlands and chalky ravines. It is a member of the buttercup family, which includes anemones and monkshood, and it has the attractive, deeply cut leaves typical of the group. Its papery "petals" are really sepals: The actual flowers are tiny yellow dots clustered around the dark pink stamens in the center. Unfortunately, this lovely plant is now an endangered species in Japan, but numbers of the flowers are still found in Hiroshima Prefecture. In Tokyo, you can see them flowering from mid-February at the Jindai Botanical Garden in Chofu City, and at the Mukojima Hyakka-en in Sumida Ward.

The Japan Times: Feb. 3, 2005

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***** onibashiri 鬼走(おにばしり) running demons
observance kigo for late winter or New Year



At the temple Joorakuji 常楽寺 Joraku-Ji in Shiga on January 10
At the temple Choojuji 長寿寺 Choju-Ji in Shiga on January 16

While the priest reads the sutras in a loud voice, 15 red and green demons performed by boys of 15 years wearing the old masks, run around with spears and swords to ward off evil and bring in good luck for the families.
This ritual has been going on since the Nara period and people like to take part in it.

SAIJIKI – NEW YEAR OBSERVANCES

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. WASHOKU :
ehoomaki 恵方巻き sushi roll for Setsubun
 

"Fuku wa uchi! Oni wa uchi! Akuma soto!"
("In with good fortune! In with oni! And out with the devils!")
. Oni 鬼 Demon Amulets .

The town of Mizunami 瑞浪市 in Gifu is also famous for its "Demon Rock", Oni Iwa 鬼岩.
And a Setsubun festival where the demons are called into the home to bring good luck.
In Mizunami , they say " Oni wa uchi 鬼は内 Fuku wa uchi 福は内".


. kesoobumi uri 懸想文売 vendor of love letters .
At the shrine Suga Jinja 須賀神社 in Kyoto

and
. onigiri oni おにぎり鬼 Onigiri demons .

WASHOKU ... Japanese Food SAIJIKI
#setsubun #oni #tsuina

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- - - - - Legends about oni - - - - -


. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

. oni no medama 鬼の目玉 "the eyeballs of a demon" . - Gunma

yokai database - 924 legends to explore

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1/12/2011

Sakaki tree

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. sakaki 榊 と伝説 Legends about the Sakaki tree .
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Sakaki tree (sakaki 榊)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Various, see below
***** Category: Plant


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Explanation

sakaki さかき【榊】 sakaki tree, Cleyera japonica

CLICK for more photos

This is the sacred tree of Japanese Shinto.

. shinboku 神木, shinju 神樹 sacred tree, divine tree .
imiki, imi ki 忌み木 "taboo tree"

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quote
- - - - - Inoue Nobutaka writes:
Cleyera japonica, an evergreen tree whose branches are used in Shinto ritual, for example, as offering wands (tamagushi) presented before a kami. When presented as tamagushi, it is usual to attach paper streamers (shide) to the branch. Branches of sakaki are also used for decoration, purification implements, and as hand-held "props" (torimono) in ritual dance. Sakaki may also be affixed to shrine buildings or fences as a means of designating the interior as sacred space.

Theories regarding the etymology of the word sakaki range from those based on the nature of the sakaki as an "evergreen" or "always thriving tree" (sakaeru-ki), and thus point to the sense of prosperity or thriving, to others which derive from the use of the tree as a "border-tree" (sakai-ki) used to demarcate sacred space.

In the "divine age" chapters of Kojiki, the term sakaki appears in the episode of the rites observed to draw Amaterasu out of the heavenly rock cave; the passage states that "they tore from the very roots the flourishing masakaki of the mountain Ame no Kaguyama," festooned it with jewel beads, a mirror, and cloth (nigite). A similar passage is found in Nihongi, which also includes a passage in the record of Emperor Keikō that speaks of the "sakaki of Mount Shitsu," while the record of Emperor Chūai refers to a "flourishing (lit., ‘five-hundred branch') sakaki."

All of these records note that jewels, swords, and mirrors were hung from the branches. The sakaki has been used since ancient times in divine rituals. While the name originally referred to all evergreens, it gradually was limited to those trees of the tea (Theaceae) family. In practice, however, a number of other trees, including oak (kashi), cryptomeria (sugi), boxwood (tsuge), and fir (momi) are sometimes substituted in ritual use.

As the examples of masakaki found in Kojiki and Nihongi suggest, the trees were decorated in a number of different ways: some were adorned with mirrors, jewels, and swords, some with five-colored silks, mirror, jewels and swords, while others were decorated only with five-colored silks. In the Rules for Ritual Procedure at Shrines (Jinja saishiki) implemented in 1875, the term masakaki is used to refer to two poles of Japanese cypress (hinoki), to the tips of which are attached branches of sakaki, and below which are attached five-color silks (blue, yellow, red, white, and purple). The pole on the right (when facing the shrine) is decorated with a mirror and a jewel, and the one on the left with a sword.
source : Kokugaku University. 2005


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quote
Sakaki (Cleyera japonica) is a flowering evergreen tree native to warm areas of Japan, Korea and mainland China. It can reach a height of 10 m. The leaves are 6-10 cm long, smooth, oval, leathery, shiny and dark green above, yellowish-green below, with deep furrows for the leaf stem. The bark is dark reddish brown and smooth.
The small, scented, cream-white flowers open in early summer, and are followed later by berries which start red and turn black when ripe. Sakaki is one of the common trees in the second layer of the evergreen oak forests.

Sakaki wood is used for making utensils (especially combs), building materials, and fuel. It is commonly planted in gardens, parks, and shrines.

The Japanese word sakaki is written 榊 with a kanji character that combines ki 木 "tree; wood" and kami 神 "spirit; god", depicting "sacred tree; divine tree".

Sakaki is considered a sacred tree in the Shinto religion along with other evergreens such as hinoki 檜 "Japanese cypress" and kansugi 神杉 "sacred cryptomeria". In Shinto ritual offerings to the kami 神 "gods; spirits", branches of sakaki are decorated with (shide) paper streamers to make tamagushi. ...
...
Sakaki 榊 first appears in the (12th century) Konjaku Monogatarishū, but two 8th-century transcriptions are 賢木 "sage tree" (Kojiki, tr. Chamberlain 1981:64 "pulling up by pulling its roots a true cleyera japonica with five hundred [branches] from the Heavenly Mount Kagu") and 坂木 "slope tree"...
... The etymology of sakaki 榊 is uncertain.
With linguistic consensus that the -ki suffix denotes 木 "tree", the two most probable etymologies are either sakae-ki "evergreen tree" (from sakae 栄え "flourishing; luxuriant; prosperous") or sakai-ki "boundary tree" (from sakai 境 "boundary; border"). Carr (1995:13) cites Japanese tradition and historical phonology to support the latter etymon.
[In reconstructed Old Japanese, sakaki < sakakī and sakai "boundary" were "monograde" (一段) while sakae "flourishing" was "bigrade" (二段). © More in the WIKIPEDIA !




tamagushi 玉串 offering of a sacred branch


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observance kigo for late spring

sakaki giri, sakakigiri 榊伐(さかきぎり) cutting sakaki

During the San-O Festival

Sannoo matsuri 山王祭 (さんのうまつり) Sanno Festival
Hiyoshi matsuri 日吉祭(ひよしまつり) Hiyoshi festival

. . . . .

plant kigo for late spring

hisakaki no hana 柃の花 (ひさかきのはな)
hisakaki blossoms
nocha 野茶(のちゃ)"wild tea"
Eurya japonica Thunb
used in place of sakaki for Shinto offerings


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plant kigo for mid-summer

CLICK for more photos

sakaki no hana 榊の花 (さかきのはな)
sakaki blossoms
..... hana sakaki 花榊(はなさかき)


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observance kigo for mid-winter

Click for more photos

sakaki oni 榊鬼(さかきおに) Sakaki demon

during a kagura performance at the Mikawa Matsuri



quote
Sakaki Oni, one of the demon, dances the, "Henbai 返閇 / 反閉 / 返閉 /反陪" moves and stomps on the ground to invoke a good and plentiful harvest of the five main crops, safe homes, and good health.
He is infusing the earth with renewed life and vitality.
The Sakaki Oni is also known for answering questions.



Yamami Oni performs a dynamic movement of splitting the large iron pot as if the pot was a mountain being split into two pieces.

The Mokichi Oni (Asa Oni) hits and brings down a beehive by using his beetle. The bee hive is a mesh shaped bag made with different (five) coloured papers. The paper bag is hung above the iron pot by the hosts of the festivals and the host puts many coins into the beehive. When Mokichi Oni hits the beehive, people rush it and snap up the coins because they believe the coins will bring them happiness.

The Hana Matsuri festivals are held in Shimotsuki (November of the lunar calendar). Fukawa's Hana Matsuri is held a on the first Saturday and Sunday of March. It is much warmer than the other Hana Matsuri events. This marks the beginning of the Spring season.
source : pref.aichi.jp/global/en



. Kagura Dance in Japan .

hanamatsuri, hana matsuri 花祭 (はなまつり)
flower festival

Mikawa hanamatsuri 三河花祭(みかわはなまつり)
hana kagura 花神楽(はなかぐら)flower kagura
sakaki oni 榊鬼(さかきおに)Sakaki demon


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Worldwide use



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Things found on the way



. Kamo Mikate Matsuri 賀茂御蔭祭
"honorable shadow festival"



. Sakaki and the Kasuga Shrine Mandala  


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HAIKU



CLICK for more photos of the dance !

星凍てて地を打つ舞の榊鬼
hoshi itete chi o utsu mai no sakaki oni

the stars are cold -
the Sakaki demon dances
and stomps the ground


橋本榮治 Hashimoto Eiji (1953 - )


猪の肝食つて舞ふ榊鬼
辻恵美子

大前に父が寄進の花榊
菅直桑

榊焚き神の匂いを嗅いでみる
穴井太

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. sakaki 榊 と伝説 Legends about the Sakaki tree .

- #sakaki -
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1/01/2011

Happy New 2011

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Happy New 2011




http://www.google.co.jp/







明けましておめでとうございます !




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12/03/2010

. YEMEN SAIJIKI

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YEMEN SAIJIKI

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CLICK for more photos


Yemen (Arabic: اal-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen (Arabic: al-Jumhuuriyya al-Yamaniyya) is a Middle Eastern country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. With a population of about 20 million people, Yemen is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east. Yemen's territory includes over 200 islands, the largest of which is Socotra, about 415 kilometres (260 miles) to the south of Yemen, off the coast of Somalia. It is the only republic on the Arabian Peninsula. The capital is Sanaa (Sana'a).

Yemen is one of the oldest centers of civilization in the world. Between 2300 BC and the sixth century AD, it was part of the Sabaean, Awsanian, Minaean, Qatabanian, Hadhramawtian, Himyarite, and some other kingdoms, which controlled the lucrative spice trade. It was known to the Ancient Romans as Arabia Felix ("Happy Arabia") because of the riches its trade generated. Augustus Caesar attempted to annex it, but the expedition failed. The Ethiopian Kingdom of Aksum annexed it by around 520, and it was subsequently taken by the Sassanids Persians around 570.

In 1839, the British occupied the port of Aden and established it as a colony in September of that year. They also set up a zone of loose alliances (known as protectorates) around Aden to act as a protective buffer. North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and became a republic in 1962. In 1967, the British withdrew and gave back Aden to Yemen due to extreme pressure of battles with the North and Egyptian allies. After the British withdrawal, this area became known as South Yemen. The two countries were formally united as the Republic of Yemen on May 22, 1990.

© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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YEMEN SAIJIKI

We use the four classic seasons.
There are also two rainy seasons, monsoon-like:

spring monsoon: march / april
summer monsoon: july / august


"Most of Yemen lies in the border zone between two main weather patterns: the regular northerly winds (from the Mediterranean basin) and the southwest monsoon winds. These create a fairly well-defined seasonal rhythm; the northerly winds predominate during the winter, while in the summer the southwest monsoon brings the primary rains.
Cut off from this pattern by the central mountains, the southern fringe areas on the Gulf of Aden experience a markedly tropical climate."
 © www.britannica.com


Yemen: Climate and Rainfall

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WKD
BIRDS of YEMEN - SAIJIKI


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TOPICS

Al Khallool flute

Arab Spring
the Arab “uprising” (Intifada), the Arab “awakening” (Sahwa).


Berries, Badian berries

Bread from Lahj (khamir lahaji)

Burj Khalifa Building in Dubai


Canna lily

Chameleon, Veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)

Civil War, 1994


Desert, sand desert


Eid Al-Adha "Festival of Sacrifice" (Eid-ul-Adha)

Eid Al-Kabir, Aid Al Kabir


Honey badger, ratel Mellivora capensis

Henna, Hennah (Lawsonia inermis, syn. L. alba)

. Islamic Holidays, Muslim Holidays  


Katydid, long-horned grasshopper, bush cricket

Khat, Catha edulis, chewing khat

Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) Yemen

Night of Power, Lailatul Qadr / Lailat-Ul-Qadr

Orchid, orchids

Ramadan, "moon of faith"

Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus)


Sambosa, samosa Food during the Ramadan

Sana'a, Aden Sanaa, the capital of Yemen

Shawwal and fasting the month of Shawwal

Socotra Island


Tea, tea glass


Wedding


Zinnia



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Yemen Public Holidays as KIGO



SPRING


Bulbul mating and nesting season


Bird egg shells


Mother's day
March 21

Prickly Pear Cactus, Opuntia FamilyFlowers

Quince flowers (blossoms) Arabic Name: Safarjal

Sodom apple blossoms

Starling, amethyst starling and other birds

Thorny-headed globe thistle
Echinops spinosissimus and other thistles

Turtles nesting

Western Reef Heron (Egretta gularis)

Woodpecker breeding Arabian woodpecker (Dendrocopos dorae)


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SUMMER

Acacia blossoms

Arabian gentian Exacum affine

Barbados Pride (Caesalpinia pulcherrima)

Cotton blossoms

Dates, ripe dates from the Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera)

Desert rose (Adenium obesum)

Dust clouds

Flame of the Forest Tree (Delonix regia)

Floods, monsoon rain

Forty days of water

Iris, bearded Iris (Iris albicans)

Jasmine

Juniper berries

Mango fruit

Melon / cool melon / watermelon

Millet planting

Mosquito net

National Unity Day, Day of National Unity

Marigold Plants in the family Asteraceae.

Prickly Pear Cactus, Opuntia FamilyFruit

Quince fruit Arabic Name: Safarjal


SW-Monsoon
dense clouds (July-August)
sea storming / storming sea or "upwelling"
runoff water

Straw hats (dholas, kofias and hadrami)


Thunderheads, lightning and rumbling thunder


Water tank (As-Saharieg)

Yemen linet (Carduelis yemenensis) Birds:
Yemen thrush (Turdus menachensis), Palm Dove (Streptopelia senegalensi) and Yemen warbler (Parisoma buryi)


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AUTUMN


Black kite (Milvus migrans)

Coffee berries coffee beans

Cotton harvest, cotton bolls

eucalyptus flowers

Independence Day

Larks

Millet harvest

October in the desert

Olive, olives (fruit)

Papaya tree leaves pawpaw leaf

Revolution Day, September 26

Yellowfin tuna (thamad)
Thunnus albacares



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WINTER

almond flowers

Camel, Dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) Yemen

Crow

Flamingo

Honey, Winter honey

NE-Monsoon

Oleander

Screw worm, screw worms

Sand skiing, dune skiing



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General Information


. . . When Yemen Blooms

. . . Birds of Yemen

. . . More Birds of Yemen


YEMEN TIMES newspaper

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11/15/2010

- North America Saijiki LIST

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The North American Saijiki Project

Maybe in 100 years time, we might celebrate the

Great American Haiku Heritage Saijiki!

(I invented this word in September 2007.)





North America is a large continent, comprising
Canada, the United States and Mexico, politically.

The World Kigo Database is trying to establish saijiki for different regions of it.
Rather then struggeling with unfamiliar Japanese kigo,
go ahead and pick up your local regional items !


If you want to introduce your own region in greater detail, please feel free to contact me to establish your own area saijiki. It takes time and effort and then more time, but maybe, you are onto something.... The Japanese Saijiki was not written in one week either ... smile ..

Gabi Greve


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The most general collection of kigo for North American here:

World Kigo Database : Kiyose for Northern America


Regional Saijiki:

World Kigo Database : Alaska Saijiki

World Kigo Database : Canada Saijiki .. SAIJIKI Canadiens

World Kigo Database : Chesapeake Bay Saijiki

World Kigo Database : Florida Saijiki

World Kigo Database : New England Saijiki
With many Memorial Days, Holidays and other Observances

World Kigo Database : Oklahoma Saijiki
The Southwest of North America

Prairie : North American Prairie Saijiki

World Kigo Database : Sierra Nevada

World Kigo Database : Sonoran Saijiki


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External LINKs
(let me know yours for registration !)

THE FIVE HUNDRED
ESSENTIAL JAPANESE SEASON WORDS
Selected by Kenkichi Yamamoto
Translated by Kris Young Kondo and William J. Higginson
source : haikai/renku



Haiku Society of America (est. 1968) - HSA

http://www.hsa-haiku.org/

HSA Regional Chapters
Washington / Plains and Mountains / Midwest / Northeast New England / Oregon / Southwest / South / Southeast / Northeast Metro / California / Alaska / Mid-Atlantic
Hawaii/Pacific
With extensive info about the regional members.
source : www.hsa-haiku.org/regions


Boston Haiku Society
http://www.bostonhaikusociety.org/

Haiku Northwest
http://hometown.aol.com/WelchM/Haiku-Northwest.html

Haiku Oregon
http://haikuoregon.wordpress.com/2012/03/18/welcome-to-haiku-oregon/


New Orleans Haiku Society (NOHS)
http://www.geocities.com/neworleanshaiku/nochsa.html

Haiku Poets of Northern California
http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/welchm/hpnc.html

North Carolina Haiku Society Blog
http://nc-haiku.blogspot.com/

Haiku Poets of Northern California
President: Garry Gay
http://haiku-poets-northern-california.com/

Haiku San Diego Blog
steering committee: Billie Dee,,Seretta Martin,,Naia,,Megan Webster
http://haikusandiego.blogspot.com/
2010 Southern California Haiku Study Group Anthology
Billie Dee, editor

Central Valley Haiku Club, California
w. f. owen, President
http://hometown.aol.com/lstparker/CVHC.html


Southern California Haiku Study Group Blog
With many kigo for the monthly haiku meetings.
http://socalhaiku.blogspot.com/

Kigo Lists for Southern California Billie Dee

Spring.....Summer.....Autumn.....Winter
BACKKUP ... Kigo Lists for Southern California



Yuki Teikei Haiku Society
http://www.youngleaves.org/



San Francisco Bay Area Nature Guide and Saijiki
Patrick Gallagher , Anne M. Homan, Patricia J. Machmiller
A combination of field guide and haiku; beautiful photographs and art accompany descriptions of seasonal occurances of natural phenomena and human activities in the San Francisco Bay Area. Each element is accompanied by haiku that evoke an emotional or spiritual aspect of the human interaction with the natural world.
September 2010
. . . . . Test Reading at LULU publications




Red Moon Press was founded in 1993.
Our goal is to continue to publish the best in English-language haiku from around the world.
Red Moon Press / Jim Kacian



The Haiku Foundation (THF)
Jim Kacian
. The Haiku Foundation, troutswirl BLOG  
July 2010


NaHaiWriMo - National Haiku Writing Month
Michael Dylan Welch.
source : site/nahaiwrimo



Facebook
now features a lot of regional haiku groups.
Please check the HSA facebook page for further information.
source : www.facebook.com/HaikuSocietyOfAmerica


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heat lightning --
all the way into Mexico
the mountains rise


Michael McClintock
The Heron's Nest, II:5


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Some kigo and topics

of the Southern California Season Word List

Chinese lantern festival
Cinco de Mayo
El Dia de los Muertos
Election Day (Nov)
Festival of Books
French Open
Kwanzaa
National Poetry Month
Oscar awards
Summer Shakespeare
Tamales


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Some kigo and topics
of the World Kigo Database



Amisch, Amish, Amish Mennonites
Amstrong, Lance Armstrong road racing cyclist
Appleseed, Johnny Appleseed, John Chapman (1774 - 1845)

Baseball and related kigo
"Best of the year" list, 10 best list
Big Sur, California
Blue Ridge Mountains
Breast Cancer Awareness Month (BCAM)

Bridges in the USA
Bay Bridge San Francisco
Brooklyn Bridge New York
Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco

Bumbershoot festival Seattle, Washington


Cape Fear, North Carolina
Challenger Space Shuttle
Chickadee, Poecile atricapillus
Corn shucking, corn husking
Cracker Jack
Crane Canyon Regional Park, California
Cowboys Blanket Dallas, Texas

Dulicmer "hog fiddle"

Eastwooding, Cling Eastwood
Evening Snow - Linanthus dichotomus

Family Day
Folsom Street Fair and Festival San Francisco
Fourth of July, Independence Day

Geoduck clam (Panopea generosa)
Girl Scout cookies

Haboob, sandstorm Arizona
Houston, Whitney Houston (1963 – 2012)

Indian paintbrush (Castilleja)


Jackie Robinson Day USA
Jazz Music


Labor Day, Labour Day September
Lakota Sioux People
La Paloma - song
Liatris, Blazing-Star

Mallomars chocolate cookies New Jersey
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
Meadowlark - state bird of Wyoming
Milkweed (toowata 唐綿)
Mockingbird

National Gallery of Art, Washington,D.C.
New York - places

Obama, Barack Obama

Redwing - Turdus iliacus

Rimrock, cliff formations
Robin, American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
Rhode Island : WaterFire


Scouting for Food
Snow, Phoebe Snow

Taku Winds, Alaska
Tax paying season, income tax
Texas Bluebonnet (Lupinus texensis)
Tex-Mex food Texas, Mexico
Tipi teepee, Lakota tent
Tule fog California

Washington, George Washington (1732 - 1799)

Yukon River

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