Leaves in all seasons

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The words LEAF, LEAVES, ha, happa　葉、葉っぱ　Blatt, Blätter,
refering to the leaves of trees,
just like that are not a kigo.

But special kinds of tree leaves come in various seasons, check the kigo below and the links for the other seasons.
We even have "fallen leaves" in more than one season.


Young green leaves have the full power of life and branches with them were a favorite with the ladies of old to stick into the hair, thus partaking of this natural power.
Thhis custom later turned into elaborate
. kanzashi 簪 hairpins .



quote
Ashiki no yama no konure no hoyo torite kazashitsuraku wa chitose hoku to so

Taking the mistletoe from the top of the mountain and placing it in my hair,
wanting to celebrate a thousand years.

Oomoto no Yakamochi

Haruo Shirane
source : books.google.co.jp

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SPRING

kigo for mid-spring

kashiwa ochiba 柏落葉 (かしわおちば) fallen leaves of oak trees
..... kashiwa chiru 柏散る（かしわちる）



kigo for late spring

kusa no wakaba 草の若葉 (くさのわかば) young leaves of plants
..... kusa wakaba 草若葉（くさわかば)


wakakusa 　若草 young plants, young grass
..... wakakusa 嫩草（わかくさ）
niikusa 新草（にいくさ）new plants, new grass
kusa wakashi 草若し（くさわかし）plants/grass is young
wakakusa no 若草野（わかくさの）plain with young plants/grass

kusa can be all kind of small plants and weeds

. ashi no wakaba 蘆の若葉（あしのわかば）
young leaves of reed grass .


haru ochiba 春落葉 (はるおちば) fallen leaves in spring
..... haru no ochiba 春の落葉（はるのおちば）


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SUMMER


Young Leaves (wakaba)

***** Season: Early Summer



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young leaves, fresh leaves, wakaba 若葉
new leaves
fresh green leaves, fresh verdure


wind in the young leaves, wakaba kaze 若葉風
rain on the young leaves, wakaba ame 若葉雨

young leaves in the mountains, yama wakaba 山若葉
young leaves in the in the local villages (one's home .. see furusato)
..... sato wakaba 里若葉
young leaves in the valley, tani wakaba 谷若葉

young leaves in the garden, niwa wakaba 庭若葉
young leaves outside of the window, mado wakaba 窓若葉

wakabadoki 若葉時（わかばどき）time for young leaves


Wakaba, this kigo stressed the softness and suppleness of the young leaves, whereas the next one, aoba, stresses the color.



Photo Gabi Greve


Some trees have their own kigo with the young leaves

. hayanagi 葉柳 (はやなぎ) leaves of the willow tree .


young persimmon leaves, kaki wakaba
柿若葉（かきわかば）

pasania; chinquapin young leaves, shii wakaba
椎若葉（しいわかば）

young oak leaves, kashi wakaba
樫若葉（かしわかば）
..... kashi shigeru 樫茂る（かししげる）

young camphor tree leaves, kusu wakaba
樟若葉（くすわかば）


young leaves of the maple tree, wakakaede, waka kaede
若楓 (わかかえで)
..... kaede wakaba 楓若葉（かえでわかば）
..... aokaede, ao kaede青楓（あおかえで）
(they turn to momiji in autumn)


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green leaves, aoba 青葉 (あおば)

green and young leaves aobawakaba 青葉若葉（あおばわかば）
mountain with green leaves, aoba yama 青葉山（あおばやま）

fresh, new green, shinryoku 新緑 (しんりょく)
green, midori 緑（みどり）
green is showing, midori sasu 緑さす（みどりさす）


hazakura 葉桜 (はざくら) leafy cherry tree
..... wakaba no hana 若葉の花（わかばのはな）
..... aoba no hana 青葉の花（あおばのはな）
kigo for the late cherry blossoms among the green leaves


musubiba 結葉 (むすびば) "leaves tied together"
when the new leaves grow thickly and look like tied up.

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tokiwagi no ochiba (tokiwa no ki no ochiba)
常磐木落葉 (ときはぎのおちば)
fallen leaves of evergreen trees

. shii ochiba 椎落葉（しいおちば）fallen leaves of the Shii-oak .
..... kashi ochiba 樫落葉（かしおちば）fallen leaves of the Kashi-oak

. kusu ochiba 樟落葉（くすおちば）fallen leaves of the camphor tree.


hiiragi ochiba 柊落葉（ひいらぎおちば）
fallen leaves of the holly
..... mochi ochiba 冬青落葉（もちおちば）
Ilex pedunculosa

mokkoku ochiba 木檞落葉（もっこくおちば）fallen leaves of the mokkoku tree
Ternstroemia gymnanthera, Japanese Cleyera


. tsuge ochiba 黄楊落葉（つげおちば）
fallen leaves of boxwood .


momi ochiba 樅落葉（もみおちば）fallen needles of a fir tree


hinoki ochiba 檜落葉（ひのきおちば）fallen leaves of the Japanese cypress
Chamaecyparis obtusa
The leaves are scale-like, 2-4 mm long, blunt tipped (obtuse), green above, and green below with a white stomatal band at the base of each scale-leaf.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Hinoki cypress　桧、檜 .




. fallen leaves of bamboo, take ochiba 竹落ち葉 .
..... take no ochiba 竹の落葉
young leaves of bamboo, take no wakaba 竹の若葉（たけのわかば）
take no wakamidori 竹の若緑（たけのわかみどり） young green of the bamboo

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other categories with "aoba - leaves"

. aobajio 青葉潮 (あおばじお) tide and green leaves .


. aobagoe 青葉肥（あおばごえ） green leaves as fertilizer .


. Aoba matsuri 青葉祭 (あおばまつり)
"Festival of the Green Leaves" .


. aobazuku　青葉木莵 "owl in green leaves" .
Otus scops japonicus


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kigo for mid-summer

. "peach leaf red", tooyookoo 桃葉紅（とうようこう） .
Oleander (Nerium oleander)


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kigo for all summer

banryoku 万緑 (ばんりょく) a myriad of green (leaves)

ryokuin 緑陰 (りょくいん) green shade

aobayami 青葉闇（あおばやみ）shade, darkness under the green leaves


shigeri 茂 - 繁り (しげり) leaves grow thick
shinmo 繁茂（はんも）
shigeru 茂る（しげる）to grow thick (of leaves and plants)
shigeshi 茂し（しげし）
shigemi 茂み（しげみ）thicket
shigeyama 茂山（しげやま）mountain with thicket
shigeno 茂野（しげの）wilderness with thicket
shigeriba 茂り葉（しげりば）thicket of leaves
..... morin 、茂林（もりん）
kusa shigeru 草茂る（くさしげる） plants grow thick



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kigo for late summer

wakuraba 病葉 (わくらば)
sickly leaves, pale leaves, weak leaves


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AUTUMN


. red autumn leaves, momiji　紅葉　（もみじ)
yellow leaves, colored leaves
red maple leaves, red autumn leaves

and many related kigo


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WINTER


Fallen leaves (ochiba　落ち葉)
momiji chiru 紅葉散る (もみじちる)
chiri mojiji 散紅葉（ちりもみじ）
and kigo related to the fallen leaves

leaves of trees, ko no ha 木の葉


. kareha 枯葉 (かれは) withered leaves .

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kigo for early winter

fuyu momiji 冬紅葉 (ふゆもみじ) red leaves in winter
nokoru momiji 残る紅葉（のこるもみじ）red leaves still left over


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Worldwide use

Europe

Young leaves of the Beech tree (Fagus sylvatica)


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North America

Watching the Japanese maple tree leaf out is one of the things I anticipate
each spring.
The whole cycle is a joy.

new maple leaves ~
Joys of Japan find their way
to Tacoma

Elaine Andre, Tacoma


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Things found on the way

happa bijinesu　葉っぱビジネス "leaf business"

. Decorating food with leaves .


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HAIKU

nekorobeba hara no ue made wakaba kana

lying on my back
on the ground -- new leaves
even on my stomach
Tr. Chris Drake

This summer hokku is from the 6th month (July) of 1814, two months after Issa had gotten married to a woman who lived near his hometown. Issa seems to be in a very good mood, and he decides to just lie down on his back on the ground and stretch out for a while, probably just to enjoy things. (The next hokku in his diary is about looking up at clouds.) He seems to be near some bushes or a low tree or two, because there are new green leaves stuck to his robe, even on the part over his abdomen. He seems surprised by the leaf or leaves on his upper side, since he's lying on his back.

Most of the leaves on the ground are old leaves, however, so Issa's robe must have picked up the new green leaves when he was flopping down onto the ground and stretching out. Or perhaps the low limb of a leafy bush is lying across his abdomen area. Is Issa momentarily imagining he's a plant? Or could this be a rejuvenation or fertility image suggesting marital lovemaking?

Chris Drake

. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


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How ethereal
the sunlight
through young leaves
Basho

Haiga by Soji
http://www.haikupoetshut.com/

Soji took the picture in early May, which is considered Mid-Spring in his area of America.

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furu kaki no shiyooji nashi no wakaba kana

on the old fence
to no avail...
fresh leaves

wakaba shite mata mo nikumare enoki kana

fresh leaves again
make it hateful...
nettle-tree

wakaba shite neko to karasu to kenka kana

fresh new leaves--
the cat and the crow
quarrel

Issa
Read more of Issa's haiku on the subject here:
http://haikuguy.com/issa/

take no ha ni tsurete mugura mo wakaba kana

keeping bamboo shoots
company, weeds
fresh green too

Issa
Issa and Wakaba Haiku

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あらたふと青葉若葉の日の光
ara tooto aoba wakaba no hi no hikari

“How noble it is with bright sunshine on green foliage and young foliage !”

Read more here !
Matsuo Basho in Nikko




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. Green Leaves Haiku at Kifune Shrine
Kyoto


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Related words


***** . TREES in all seasons


***** Green in Haiku Traditional Japanese Colors: midori, aoi


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just one leaf
and so many kigo -
Joys of Japan

- Shared by Gabi Greve


just one leaf
and so many Joys
branches of willow

Gennady Nov
Joys of Japan, 2012


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November 2006

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..................................................................... November 2006

Haiku Clubs of Kayole, Kenya Meeting November 2006

Court Rituals for the New Year Japan

Teeth strengthening Ceremony (hagatame) Japan
..... rice cakes for strengthening the teeth, hagatame no mochi

First Water, "young water" (wakamizu) Japan. Including more kigo of this ceremony.

Binzuru, Ceremony for the Arhat Binzuru (Binzuru mawashi) Japan

Haiku Teahouse, Haiku Chaya for Pilgrims in Shikoku Japan

Tea, Black Tea from Kenya Coffee from Kenya

Fart, farting (he) Furz Japan, worldwide

Fields, rice paddies (ta, hatake) Japan
..... Including kigo for all seasons in the fields.

Flute (fue, yokobue) 　 Japan

Saffron Crocus (Crocus sativus) safuron, safuran, Safran Japan

Trumpet Flower (datura) Korean Morning Glory, Mandala Flower (mandarage). Angel's Trumpet Flower. Japan, North America.

Hashidate Festival, Ama no Hashidate Matsuri Japan

Ebisu, the God of Wealth and Prosperity Japan

Ramadan in Kenya

Cold wave (kanpa, kampa) Japan, worldwide

Ganjin Memorial Day (Ganjin Ki) Japan

December Singers, Twelfth Month Singers (sekizoro) Japan

First rainfall, imminent rain Kenya, Tropics

..... Calendar Systems, Asian Lunar Calendar, 12 Zodiac Animals, 24 Seasons
Helpful reference to understand Japanese Haiku Seasons.

Bellows Festival (fuigo matsuri) Japan

Bread (pan) Worldwide

Yew Tree (ichi i, ichii, ichi-i)Japan

Rakugo, comic storytelling Japan


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Please send your contributions to Gabi Greve
worldkigo .....

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Mother and Father

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Mother and Father - reflected in KIGO


The simple use of the words
FATHER, FATHERS, MOTHER, MOTHERS
are not kigo, but a topic for haiku.


MORE
. Mother (fukuro, o-fukuro お袋) .
with haiku by Issa


. The Original Face - Zen Koan .
before my parents were born

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Women's Day, International Woman's Day

***** Location: Russia, worldwide
***** Season: Spring, March 8
***** Category: Observance

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Explanation



Present from a friend, March 2011


For Mother's Day, Father's Day, see below.

International Women's Day is religiously celebrated in Russia on the 8th of March. Men buy flowers for their female loved ones on that day. The first available flowers are yellow mimosa, brought from the Caucasus. Thus you can see man standing in line to buy mimosa branches or walking on the streets with mimosa bouquets. What Russians call "mimosa" is in fact Acacia dealbata or Silver Wattle. It blooms with aromatic yellow puffs of flowers.

Mimosa, Silver Wattle (Acacia dealbata)



Every year, from the end of February to the beginning of March some 200 tons of mimosa branches are brought from Abkhazia to Russia.

Here is an article about the origin and meaning of the International Woman’s Day.

International Women's Day (8 March)
is an occasion marked by women's groups around the world. This date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday. When women on all continents, often divided by national boundaries and by ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic and political differences, come together to celebrate their Day, they can look back to a tradition that represents at least nine decades of struggle for equality, justice, peace and development. International Women's Day is the story of ordinary women as makers of history; it is rooted in the centuries-old struggle of women to participate in society on an equal footing with men. In ancient Greece, Lysistrata initiated a sexual strike against men in order to end war; during the French Revolution, Parisian women calling for "liberty, equality, fraternity" marched on Versailles to demand women's suffrage.

Read the full history of the development of this day here:
http://www.global7network.com/russia/russian-holidays/International-Women-Day.asp

However, in Russia these days, it is more like a hybrid of Valentine's Day and Mother's Day. It's the day when females of all ages receive special attention from the males.

Thus there are two kigo words for March in Russia:
"Women's Day" or "International Women's Day," and "mimosa".

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Even though the Internaitonal Women's Day was founded in 1910 by the socialists as a political day for women's right to vote, it's now celebrated widely in the world as a day of the beautiful half of the mankind :-). In Russia, it has always been one of the favorite holidays (especially after it had become a day off in 1965). It is now a holiday for which I have a right just because I am a woman :-).

And men, real men, understand this, and enjoy the fact that these beautiful creatures -- women -- live next to them, work with them side by side. It is as totally aimless, unpractical, and silly as to enjoy a nice spring morning, for instance, or beautiful music, or tasty meal, or just enjoy this life... it is as simple as to love the life itself.

Since the very early age, Russian boys are taught that girls are future women: mothers, wives, keepers... and they need to be loved, cared for, and supported by men. The March 8th day is the big part of such education. Traditionally, boys congratulate girls even in the first grade in school, and then, through the whole 11 school years :- ). Then, the "relay" are passed on to the young men, to all men... They storm the flower shops at this day, they wash and clean in the house, cook a holiday dinner, etc. -- and of course, give their women flowers and gifts!

I am still a woman here, and my family, men and women, enjoy this day with me now. Men give their women flowers -- and we all enjoy this wonderful spring celebration of life, love, and beauty. Today, I want to give this gift to all the wonderful women in the WHC -- we deserve
it just because we are women! :-)

women's day --
beautiful dreams and hopes
in full bloom

Olga Hooper (Origa)
http://www.livejournal.com/users/origa/

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Worldwide use

France
Jour des Femmes

Germany
Frauentag, Internationaler Frauentag



Der erste internationale Frauentag fand am 19. März 1911 in Dänemark, Deutschland, Österreich, der Schweiz und den USA statt. Millionen von Frauen beteiligten sich. Die Wahl dieses Datums sollte den revolutionären Charakter des Frauentags unterstreichen, weil der 18. März der Gedenktag für die Gefallenen in Berlin während der Revolution 1848 war, und auch die Pariser Commune in den Monat März fiel.

Read a lot more here in German:
http://www.frauennews.de/themen/taggesch.htm



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India

at the traffic signal
a beggar woman earns more
Women's day

Angelee Deodhar
2013



mother’s day . . .
i untangle my daughter’s hair
with a broken comb

Sandip Sital Chauhan


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Kenya

she tries on
a new brown kanga-
Women's Day

Women's Day-
I present to her
a red rose

a mother battered
husband on television-
Women's Day

Andrew Otinga
March 2012



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Poland

Mother's Day in Poland on 26th May.




Irena Iris Szewczyk
May 26, 2013, fb


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU

Women's Day -
men walking with bouquets
of yellow mimosa

Zhanna P. Rader

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a mimosa blossoms
through a fine day
female joy

- Shared by Gennady Nov
Joys of Japan, March 2012



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Related words

***** Mother's Day (second sunday in May), Muttertag :
kigo for early summer
haha no hi 母の日 (ははのひ)


Romania : March 8
Yemen : March 21
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !



Mothers' day exists in most westernised countries, dates vary, and those indicated apply to the US.

Mothers' day in Ireland (and the UK) is called Mothering Sunday and is a church-based festival which falls before Easter.
Saijiki for Europa: Mothering Sunday, Laetare

In Germany, Muttertag has a somewhat tainted legacy, since Hitler used to make use of the occasion to give awards to mothers of large families -- I knew at least one such who refused to accept the award, as she felt she had not produced her children to be Hitler's followers or to end up as cannon fodder in his war...

Isabelle Prondzynski

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The Story of Mother's Day

The earliest Mother's Day celebrations can be traced back to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods. During the 1600's, England celebrated a day called "Mothering Sunday". Celebrated on the 4th Sunday of Lent (the 40 day period leading up to Easter*), "Mothering Sunday" honored the mothers of England.

During this time many of the England's poor worked as servants for the wealthy. As most jobs were located far from their homes, the servants would live at the houses of their employers. On Mothering Sunday the servants would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake, called the mothering cake, was often brought along to provide a festive touch.

As Christianity spread throughout Europe the celebration changed to honor the "Mother Church" - the spiritual power that gave them life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival blended with the Mothering Sunday celebration . People began honoring their mothers as well as the church.

In the United States Mother's Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe (who wrote the words to the Battle hymn of the Republic) as a day dedicated to peace. Ms. Howe would hold organized Mother's Day meetings in Boston, Mass ever year.

In 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother's Day. Ms. Jarvis persuaded her mother's church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the second anniversary of her mother's death, the 2nd Sunday of May. By the next year Mother's Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia.

Ms. Jarvis and her supporters began to write to ministers, businessman, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother's Day. It was successful as by 1911 Mother's Day was celebrated in almost every state. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother's Day as a national holiday that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.

While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at different times throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother's Day on the second Sunday of May.

.. .. ..

M - O - T - H - E - R
"M" is for the million things she gave me,
"O" means only that she's growing old,
"T" is for the tears she shed to save me,
"H" is for her heart of purest gold;
"E" is for her eyes, with love-light shining,
"R" means right, and right she'll always be,

Put them all together, they spell
"MOTHER,"
A word that means the world to me.

Howard Johnson (c. 1915)

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Mother's Day: Honoring Our Many Mothers
By Frederic and Mary Ann Brussat

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More, much more about this day:
http://www.holidays.net/mother/story.htm


Mother's Day
her dandelion bouquet
and yellow nose

Michael Baribeau

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Haiga by Natalia L. Rudychev, 2006



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mothers day ---
slow traffic
at the cemetery

Fred Masarani, 2006

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Australia
kigo for autumn


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Mother's Day
a stream of fond memories
in her bosom

Mother's Day
chocolate cake and ice cream
for my adviser

Mother's Day
this time, dropping by
to stay for dinner

Mother's Day
I glance on her pictures
last summer

Mother's Day
missing her pot roast
and coleslaw

Mother's Day
from a long distance call
her assuring words

Willie Bongcaron, Philippines, May 2010



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rain-laden clouds
envelope the sky -
Mother's tear

kenneth daniels (Guyana)


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chichi haha 父母　father and mother

父母のことのみおもふ秋のくれ
chichi haha no koto nomi omou aki no kure

- quote
Thinking only
About my mom and dad;
The autumn evening.

At first this seems a rather bland hokku, but a great deal depends upon the reader knowing how hokku work.

We know that a hokku is an expression of a season, in this case the season of autumn. Autumn is the time of aging and withering and eventually dying. That is the key to understanding this verse.

When Buson says that he is thinking only of his parents, he means it in the sense that they keep coming into his thoughts for some reason — that even when he tries to think of other things, the faces of his parents keep returning.

Why is that? It is because in the autumn, one realizes both what one is losing and what one has lost. Autumn is the time of growing yin, the time of things — of life — returning to the root. It is the time of withering plants and falling leaves and the diminishing of warmth and light and the increasing of cold. All of these things combine to bring Buson’s mother and father constantly to mind.
- Tr.and Comment - David Coomler


Buson lost his mother when he was 12 and his father when he was 17. He left for a journey without aim, with his parents always in his mind.

At age 61 he wrote the following:

むかしむかししきりにおもふ慈母の恩　
慈母の懐抱別に春あり

mukashi mukashi shikiri ni omou jibo no on
jibo no kaihoo betsu no haru ari

With a pang, I remember my mother's kindness, long long ago.
In her arms there was a special kind of spring.
Tr. Crowley



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***** Father's Day
Vatertag, Christi Himmelfahrt in Germany
second Sunday in June
http://www.kirchenweb.at/feiertage/


chichi no hi 父の日 (ちちのひ) Father's Day in Japan
kigo for mid-summer
third sunday in June



Australia
celebrated on the first sunday in September
kigo for spring

still no blossoms
on my family tree ---
Father's Day

- Shared by Bee Jay -
Joys of Japan, September 2012


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Father's Day: three Hawaiian shirts hang in the closet

One-liner by Chibi Dennis Holmes

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father's day celebration
the light on my path leading
homewards

kenneth daniels (GY)

Father's day is celebrated in the wet season of Guyana.
WKD : South American Saijiki


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Father's Day
only my mother
knows his name

Ella Wagemakers

- WKD facebook 2012 -



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A haiku sequence by Chen-ou Liu
published in Sketchbook, 6:4, July/August 2011


Like Father, Like Son?

Father’s words linger
can you put food on the table?
reading Poems to Eat

at the departure gate
Father doesn’t wave back
summer heat

first homecoming
Father sighs
your hair turns gray

reunion dinner
my niece giggles
at my Mandarin

reciting
my poem to Father
it's raining, he murmurs

Chen-ou Liu



. Ishikawa Takuboku - Poems to Eat .


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first Father's Day
still all thumbs with
changing diapers


Father's Day-
the letter I forgot to send
two years ago


Angelee Deodhar, 2013


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母親や涼がてらの祭り帯
hahaoya ya suzumi ga tera no matsuri obi

my dear mother -
coolness and the sash
for the temple festival

Kobayashi Issa





. WKD : Shimada Obi Matsuri 島田帯祭 .
Belt Festival at Shimada


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Matsuo Basho
Nozarashi kiko (Journal of Bleached Bones in a Field):

I returned home at the beginning of Ninth Month. The Forgetting Grass by my mother's room had withered with frost, and no trace of it remained. Everything from the past had changed. The temples of my brothers and sisters were white, wrinkles around their eyes.
"We're still alive!"--- it was all we could say. My older brother opened a relic case and said, "Pay your respects to Mothers' white hair. Like Urashima with his jewelled box, your eyebrows have aged." Then, for a time, we all wept.

手にとらば消ん涙ぞ熱き秋の霜
te ni toraba kien namida zo atsuki aki no shimo

should I take it in my hand
it would melt in these hot tears:
autumn frost
Tr. Barnhill


This is the third time Basho had returned home to Iga Ueno.
Basho feels like Urashima Taro, who spent 300 years in the palace of the Dragon God at the bottom of the sea.
. Urashima Taro 浦島太郎.

This hokku has the meter 5 10 5.

When held in hand
Melt away it will, this autumn frost -
My tears so hot.
Tr. Nelson and Saito


Should I take it in my hand,
It would melt in my hot tears,
Like the frost of autumn.
Tr. Oseko


Should I hold them in my hand,
They will disappear
In the warmth of my tears,
Icy strings of frost.
Tr. Yuasa



MORE - hokku about tears
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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たらちね の花見の留守や時計見る
tarachine no hanami no rusu ya tokei miru

Home alone,
my mother off cherry-viewing ---
I watch the clock

Masaoka Shiki
Tr. Watson


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kaya goshi ni kusuri niru haha o kanashimi tsu

Feeling sorry about mum
Who is simmering medecine
Outside the mosquito net


野を焼いて帰れば燈下母やさし
no o yaite kaereba tooka haha yasashi

Returning after burning off a field
The light is on:
Mum is sweet at home


Takahama Kyoshi
Tr. Katsuya Hiromoto


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母の日の母を泣かしてしまひけり
haha no hi no haha o nakashite shimaikeri

Mother's Day ---
I end up making
my mother cry

Mayuzumi Madoka
Tr. Ueda


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observance kigo for early autumn

ikimitama, iki mitama 生身魂 (いきみたま) living soul
..... 生御魂 , 生見玉
ikibon 生き盆（いきぼん） Bon for the living

O-Bon in August is usually a festival for the ancestors.
But in some regions people also celebrate their elderly parents, if both are still alive, with special food and presents. A favorite present is


sashisaba, sashi saba 刺鯖 / 差鯖 a pair of saba mackerel fish
The fish is cut open at the back and then salted. Two pieces are then placed beside each other (to form one sashi 一刺) and let dry.
In the Edo period they were wrapped in lotus leaves and vendors in town sold them on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month and for O-Bon.

. hasu no meshi 蓮の飯 rice with lotus .
rice wrapped in lotus leaves for a long life


. Bon Festival, O-Bon, Obon お盆 .


生身魂七十と申し達者也
iki mitama nanajuu to mooshi tassha nari

Iki-Mitama (my honorable parents)
at the age of seventy
you are still so healthy !

Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規

During the Meiji period, 50 was considered old age. So 70 would feel like about 90 in our times.

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iki-mitama -
let's celebrate our parents
with poetry

Gabi Greve, September 2012

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oya kookoo, oyakookoo 親孝行 filial piety,
to care well for one's parents

フリージアたくさん咲いて親孝行
furiijia takusan saite oya kookoo

so many
freesias have bloomed -
filial piety

Katoo Michiru 加藤ミチル Kato Michiru



source :　www.japanknowledge.com

oya kookoo 親孝行　selling "filial piety"

A beggar would prepare a doll to carry in front of him, making it look like a young person was carrying his old parent. He walked around town calling
"oya kookoo de gozai" "親孝行でござい" "I show you filial piety" and collect a few coins for his good deed.


. chin shoobai　珍商売 strange business in Edo .


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***** . World Mother-in-Law's Day .


.SAIJIKI ... OBSERVANCES, FESTIVALS
Kigo for Summer 　


[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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Winter seclusion (fuyugomori)

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO　　TOP . ]
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Winter seclusion (fuyogomori)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: All Winter
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation

fuyugomori 冬篭り winter confinement, winter isolation, wintering
fuyukomori, fuyu komori
hibernation; staying indoors during winter

http://www.ne.jp/asahi/raruru/cg-gallery/kita/data03a/yukifuru.html#kita

In rural Japan, especially in the Northern areas along the coast of the Sea of Japan, the winter is long and brings enormous amounts of snow. There was nothing much to do that sit back and wait it out. The farmhouses where difficult to heat and the family huddled around the hearth (irori) in the kitchen. It was a tough time to live through with great endurance.

Animals like bears sleep through the whole cold season, also called fuyugomori.

Gabi Greve

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Worldwide use

North America
Snowbound
Adjective, kept in by snow: prevented from moving or leaving a place by heavy snow.
Which can lead to feelings of depression called... cabin fever, winter blues, winter blahs, Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) .
Michael Baribeau

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Things found on the way


sashikomoru さしこもる【鎖し籠もる】
To keep the doors and windows shut and stay indoors.
tojikomoru 閉じこもる 閉じ籠もる】
rookyo suru 籠居(ろうきょ)する

It could be done in any season, but in winter the home was kept closed to keep out the cold.

- fuyugomori 冬篭り winter confinement, winter isolation, wintering -
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


さし籠る葎の友か冬菜売り
さしこもる葎の友かふゆなうり
sashikomoru mugura no tomo kabuna uri

Staying indoors, the only friend
At the house of the bedstraw is
The vendor of winter greens!
Tr. Oseko Toshiharu

Discussion of various translations
. . mugura 葎 (むぐら) cleavers 　 　　



staying indoors
the only friend of bedstraw
a vendor of greens
trans. Reichhold

Reichhold's comment:
1688--winter. Bedstraw, also called goosegrass ('Galium spium'), was used to stuff mattresses for the poor. In winter, Basho has two reliable friends to keep him well, and both were green plants.

* * * *

Is Reichhold suggesting that Basho's futon is stuffed with bedstraw?
And that Basho is using "bedstraw" as a figure of speech to mean himself?

Ah, if only Basho had used 'fuyugomori' (winter seclusion) instead of 'sashikomoru' (staying indoors), it would make the translation somewhat easier, in my opinion. "Staying indoors" begs the question of who is staying indoors. Barnhill cleverly works around this by saying it's the creepers that are "secluded away." I think we are to take it to mean that Basho is identifying himself with the creepers.

And I would use "peddler" rather than "vendor," since vendors can have stalls, and don't necessarily sell their wares going door-to-door.
. . Discussion by Larry Bole

. . .

From the haiku of Basho we can see him at age 45, buy some greens and prepare his meager meal all by himself. The peddler was the only person he had seen and talked to in quite a while. His home, overgrown with mugura cleaver weeds, had just this one friend who came by once in a while.
元禄元年　四十五歳（雪まろげ）yuki maroge

. . .


Basho used "sashikomoru" again in a three-link sequence he wrote with Kyoriku and Ranran in 1692:

kangiku no tonari mo ari ya ike daikon
(Kyoriku)

Right there! Near
the winter chrysanthemums--
a buried radish.


fuyu sashikomoru hokusoo no susu
(Basho)

Kept in during the winter--
soot on my northern window.


tsuki mo naki yoi kara uma o tsurete kite
(Ranran)

There's no moon--
last night, I came here
driving a horse.

trans. Pei Pei Qiu
Basho and the Dao, University of Hawai'i Press, 2005


- fuyugomori 冬篭り winter confinement
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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. to open the north window, kita-mado hiraku 北窓開く
kigo for mid-spring

Especially in Northern Japan, where winter is long and brings much snow, the northern windows are coverd with strong wooden planks during winter time.


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The people during the Edo period, especially the poor, did not use bed covers as we have them nowadays. They only had a stuffed matress shikubuton 敷き布団 or some kind of woven mats to lie down on. Sometimes the bare planks of wooden floor would have to do, maybe covered with some straw.
And they wore warm night clothes (yogi) to keep the cold out.
Poor people, especially in the colder northern regions, slept near the fire and used anything to keep them warm, even dried seaweed was put into quilts (documented from Akita in 1789, for example). Hemp and straw and hulls were also used for quilts.
Poor people even slept in straw bags, one couple in one bag.
A poor family used to sleep close toghether to use the body heat for warmth.

Since kana mugura カナムグラ（鉄葎） Humulus japonicus is of the hemp family, it might well have been used for stuffing a quilt of the poor.


. Bedtime quilt (yogi) as KIGO 　


The shikibuton in the towns ranged from lavish ones to poor ones, called like a thin rice cracker
senbei futon 煎餅布団 "rice cracker matress" and had only little cotton stuffing.
In Edo, futon usually ment the matress, whereas in Osaka (Kamigata)they began to use kakebuton quilted blanket covers a lot earlier.


Nowadays, the stuffed mattress (shikibuton) and the blanket (kakebuton) are together called a "futon".



Reference : History of Futon


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HAIKU


（ しばし隠れゐける人に申し遣はす ）松尾芭蕉
source :　a-yarn.tea-nifty.com

まづ祝へ梅を心の冬籠り
mazu iwae ume o kokoro no fuyu-gomori

Anyway celebrate I will
This winter hibernation
With apricot blossoms in my heart.
Tr. Takafumi Saito

Written in 貞亨4年, Basho age 44
Nozarashi.
Matsuo Basho for his disciple Tsuboi Tokoku 坪井杜国, Nagoya.
Tokoku had been put in exile for a crime he did not even commit. So if he would stay in hiding maybe next spring things will turn out better.


. - Tsuboi Tokoku 坪井杜国 - .

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屏風には山を画書いて冬籠り
. byoobu ni wa yama o egaite fuyu-gomori .
(winter) winter seclusion. folding screen. a painted mountain


冬籠りまた寄りそはんこの柱
fuyu-gomori / mata yorisowan / kono hashira


金屏の松の古さよ冬籠り
. kinbyoo no matsu no furusa yo fuyugomori .
(winter) winter seclusion. golden folding screen. old pine



折々に伊吹を見ては冬籠り
ori ori ni / Ibuki o mite wa / fuyu-gomori
Mount Ibukiyama


. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .



冬枯れや 世は一色に 風の音
fuyugare ya yo wa isshoku ni kaze no oto

Winter solitude —
In a world of one color
the sound of wind.
Basho, Tr. Robert Hass

With comment y Robert Hass:
source : www.ashokkarra.com

The Japanese is not "winter solitude" but "withering in winter" of plants.
. fuyugare　冬枯れ Winter withering .

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Some Winter Seclusion Haiku by Issa

asana-asana yaki daiko kana fuyugomori

morning after morning
damn roasted radishes!
winter seclusion



fuyugomori tori ryoori ni mo nebutsu kana

winter seclusion--
cooking a chicken
praising Buddha


oya mo ko mirareshi yama ya fuyugomori

my father saw
this same damn mountain...
winter seclusion


haya-baya to taga fuyugomoru hoso keburi

early winter seclusion--
whose thin smoke
over there?


naka-naka ni ume mo hodashi ya fuyugomori

the plum tree too
is soon snowed in...
winter seclusion




haiga by - Nakamura Sakuo -

my sinful dog
at my side...
winter seclusion

Issa

There are 30 haiku by Issa on this subject.
http://cat.xula.edu/issa/ Tr. David Lanoue


** ** **


o-mukai no kane no naru nari fuyugomori
御迎ひの鐘の鳴也冬篭

the welcome bell
tolls at the temple...
winter seclusion
(First version)

the death bell
tolls at the temple...
winter seclusion
(Second version)

Shinji Ogawa notes that the phrase o-mukae no kane (Issa's variant: mukai no kane) means "welcome-bell" in the sense of welcoming the faithful to the next world, Amida Buddha's Pure Land. I first translated it, "the welcome bell," but Gabi Greve feels that this loses the sense of "someone waiting for his death." She suggests: "funeral bells/ starting to toll" or "coming to get me/ the bell is tolling." I have decided to go with "death bell," and to include the word "temple" (not in Issa's original text but certainly implied).
http://cat.xula.edu/issa/searchissa.php?haiku_id=698.01a




the plum tree too
is soon snowed in . . .
winter seclusion


Fritz Capelari (1884-1950)


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. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


nashi kaki wa karasu-makase yo fuyu-gomori

crows, you take
the pears and persimmons --
winter confinement time
Tr. Chris Drake

This humorous poem was written early in the 10th month (November) in 1813, when Issa was back in his hometown after getting his inheritance earlier in the year. Now the first snow has fallen, winter has come, and people in the village are saying goodbye to fall and its delicious fruit. The remaining fruit isn't very plentiful or delicious, but it's fresher than the dried or pickled fruit and vegetables the villagers will be eating from now on as they go indoors to survive the long, hard season of snow -- so go ahead, crows, take everything that's left. It's going to be a tough season for both humans and crows.

In waka and renga, "staying inside/going into seclusion in winter" was an elegant way of referring to plants in winter and occasionally to hibernation. In haikai, however, it also refers to humans, especially those who live in snowy or very cold areas. In the area in which Issa's hometown was located, it had a fairly specific meaning. People used bamboo, straw, and other materials to make roofed and walled entryways extending out from their doors to make sure they could get into and out of their houses during snowstorms. They also put bamboo or straw blinds over many windows in their houses, sheds, and barns that let in air but shut out most snow. Over bushes and plants they placed little straw tepees, and straw mats were wrapped around the trunks of trees.

People also put in place special large panels that extended out from the sides of the house that were open to the outside when sliding doors were opened: the panels extended out at an angle from the eaves and allowed snow on the roof to slide down to the ground several feet beyond the porches under the eaves, thus creating space and increasing ventilation for the people inside. Fresh air was always a consideration, since heat came from wood stoves and charcoal and created a lot of smoke and fumes, which exited through a hole in the roof. Human-produced methane was another important factor (see the translation for 1/18/2013). Sometimes it was also necessary to ventilate pent-up human frustrations during the long, boring indoor winter months lived in cramped spaces, as in this 1823 hokku:

hito soshiru kai ga tatsunari fuyu-gomori

another party held
to badmouth other people --
winter confinement

Since not much was going on, criticizing other people was a popular way of feeling good. "Winter confinement" or staying inside was often a rather dark, boring, and hemmed-in existence, so Issa seems to half-envy the crows in the first hokku.

Issa's own notion of staying inside during winter was a very flexible and dynamic one that took some of its inspiration from the crows. On 10/12, a few days after he wrote the first haiku above, he was in the town of Naganuma to take part in a requiem service for the soul of Basho at the Basho Hermitage there, and on 10/19 he went to a hot springs spa in Yudanaka for three weeks to write and discuss haikai with the owner and his son. Issa's diary also shows that he often traveled through winter snow to other villages and towns to visit his students. Hitting the snowy road and staying at the houses of many different haikai poets was an effective way of avoiding the winter confinement blues.

Chris Drake


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薪をわるいもうと一人冬籠
maki o waru imooto hitori fuyugomori

splitting wood
my sister alone -
wintering

Masaoka Shiki
http://www.cc.matsuyama-u.ac.jp/~shiki/kim/shikiwinter.html


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winter seclusion
yet another trade bead
slides into place

an'ya
http://haigaonline.com/


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> > winter isolation --
> > only the death visits
> > remote villages

The actual situation in Afganistan where 1000 children died because of the coldness!!! February 2005

***

winter enclosure --
songs till the morning
in a refuge hut

***

winter separation --
snowmobile visits
the sick people

(that is in Gorski Kotar in Croatia)

Tomislav Maretic
http://www.worldhaiku.net/poetry/si/t.maretic/t.maretic.htm



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Related words

Things to keep you warm in winter, a KIGO list


***** snowbound, snowed in, cabin fever,
winter blues, winter blahs, Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
kigo for winter


HAIKU

snowbound-
from the doorway
smelling the cold

Michael Baribeau


WKD : Medical Kigo

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[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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Wind chimes (fuurin)

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO　　TOP . ]
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Wind Chimes (fuurin, Japan)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: All Summer
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation


fuurin 風鈴 (ふうりん) wind chime

fuurin uri 風鈴売（ふうりんうり） vendor of wind chimes


. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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tsuri shinobu 釣忍 (つりしのぶ)
wind chimes hanging from a plant arrangement
..... 夏 釣荵（つりしのぶ）、吊荵（つりしのぶ）
noki shinobu 軒しのぶ（のきしのぶ）
wind chimes hanging from the eaves



. . . . . but

plant kigo for all autumn
some saijiki place "shinobu 忍" in "all summer"

shinobugusa 忍草 (しのぶぐさ)
weeping fern, hare's foot fern
grass of longing remembrance, fern of longing
...... itsumadegusa, itsumade kusa 何時迄草（いつまでぐさ）
..... nokishinobu 軒しのぶ（のきしのぶ）
Lepisorus thunbergianus. Pakahakaha in Hawaii



御廟年経て忍は何をしのぶ草
gobyoo toshi hete shinobu wa nani o shinobu-gusa

The imperial tomb has stood
for ages; what do you recall,
fern of longing?
Tr. Barnhill

Matsuo Basho in Yoshino, at the Temple Nyoirin-ji
Nozarashi Kiko

time passes by the mausoleum
and what is there to remember -
weeping fern
Tr. Gabi Greve

. Matsuo Basho in Yoshino .


source :　itoyo/basho

The mausoleum for Godaigo Tenno 後醍醐帝御廟

Emperor Go-Daigo (後醍醐天皇 Go-Daigo-tennō)
(November 26, 1288 – September 19, 1339)
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


. . . CLICK here for Photos !


. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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plant kigo for all winter

kareshinobu, kare shinobu 枯忍 (かれしのぶ)
withered weeping fern
kan shinobu 寒忍 (かんしのぶ) weeping fern in the cold
fuyu shinobu 冬忍（ふゆしのぶ）weeping fern in winter
tachi shinobu 立忍（たちしのぶ） "standing weeping fern"
Onychium japonicum
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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Please read Part 1 of the kigo story here:

. Wind Chimes ... Introduction .



http://www.sam.hi-ho.ne.jp/maruyosi/daruma.htm

*****************************
Worldwide use
windchimes
There is an ongoing discussion as to the wind chimes and their seasonal reference.

Soji from USA:

My own experience, in my part of the country, says that "windchime" could be a spring or summer kigo. In the spring we start opening the windows for the fresh, unconditioned breeze to freshen stale winter rooms.

And, though the windows may get opened when the heat of summer is upon us, when the heat and humidity simultaneously hit 90ー and 90%, respectively, the windows will go down, the air conditioning come on, and the melodious sounds of the windchimes are locked out, only marginally appreciated by some intrepid, but foolhardy, traveler, or the postal delivery person.

ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo


Kala Ramesh from India:

'windchimes' should be considered a spring chime....
In India the breeze gets beautiful again .... in North India the Winter months can be freezing - then with spring the windows are opened ....
the nights all over India in spring gets cool and fresh - with the smell of mango blossoms and the fragrance of flowers like the jasmine and paarijat.

yes - windchimes - is a spring kigo as far as India is concerned.
India in summer can be unbearable - who wants that hot breeze - even if they chime our bells?!!

ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo


Linda Papanicolaou from USA:

Spring is when there's a breeze to stir the windchime.
Summer weather is often hot and still, and my windchime rings seldom.

ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo


Bill Higginson, USA:

The rationale behind season words is tradition, not personal or local experience.
It makes sense to add certain items to a season word list according to local custom, such as holidays, unique cultural features, and particular weather phenomena or creature-behaviors unique to a specific region, provided they are included at times when poets have in fact noticed them and writen about them. But this is not always the case for phenomena of more or less universal experience.

Wind chimes (note: two words) have been around a lot longer than air conditioners, and will probably outlast the latter by several millennia.

In the haiku tradition, which is a fairly well-established tradition of some 5-700 years, wind chimes have long been associated with summer. And while I do not need to deny modern experience such as those confined to city or uncommonly hot climates being aware of outdoor surroundings mainly in spring and autumn, the fact is that wind chimes are associated not with the high winds of spring, but with the pleasant breezes of summer, bringing a bit of cooling relief.
Thus, their deeply summerish meaning is underscored. The very essence of wind chimes is the coolness we feel in that breeze.

A haiku on the subject of wind chimes must almost of necessity bring out a sense of coolness, whether a breeze is mentioned or not (and the word "cool" need not, indeed, should not be mentioned, but suggested).

There are phenomena that span more than one season, in which case, like frogs and moon, there are special times of the year when our consciousness of them peaks, so they represent those seasons (spring and autumn, respectively).

Or, like "butterfly", the simple word by itself is assigned to one season (spring), and there are other, amplified phrases that designate the same or similar phenomenon in other seasons, viz. "summer butterfly", "autumn butterfly", "freezing butterfly" (winter).

Thus, any phenomenon can be fit into any season, if the writer has the need to make it so. But not so with any season word!
(There are also words that designate more than one phenomenon, and are not well handled in some Japanese saijiki and dictionaries only confuse the matter, such as _kagerou_, which can mean "heat waves" or "shimmering heat" [spring] and "gossamer" or "floating strands of spider web" [autumn]. This is a very complex instance, and there are a few others similarly so.)

And the even larger question:

The overriding factor here is that, unless one is in a very distinctly different climatic zone than mid-temperate central Japan, on which the Japanese saijiki is nominally based, and the phenomenon in question is already recorded in a common Japanese saijiki, then *millions of poets* already relate to it that way.

Why would anyone in a country with a handful of haiku poets think they should go off in some other direction? (Exceptions: tropics, such as Taiwan, Hawaii, Central America; South Asia; etc., where distinctly different seasons from those in the temperate zone prevail.)

Ultimately, the majority of poets from a relatively consistent climatic zone worldwide should prevail. And there are more Japanese already there, in terms of the mid-temperate zone, with literally millions upon millions of haiku already in place based on a fairly consistent and useful understanding of the seasons (which many of them falsely maintain is "so unique to Japan"), why would anyone want to "push the river"?

Go with the flow of what is already in place, as far as saijiki placement is concerned, and you can't go seriously wrong.

As to writing our haiku, we do well to write from experience. But getting our backs up over season word conventions and placement in a saijiki is not a good exercise in creativity!




© Haiku and Haiga by Eric Houck Jr.


Bill Higginson about this Haiga:

The season word of this poem is "first warm day", which is a specific turn on the spring topic "warm", and the wind chime is not a seasonal element in the poem. If anything, this poem confirms the summer seasonality of "wind chime", by the very mention of that first warm day.
A good haiku, and not in the least controversial, as far as seasonal understanding is concerned.

Please note:
The inclusion of what would otherwise be a season word for season X in a poem clearly of season Y means that the seasonal quality of the x-word is trumped, as far as the y-poem is concerned. Or, as in this case, the seasonality of the y-poem is actually enhanced by the presence of the season-X word, which helps establish the "cuspishness" of the phenomenon as observed.


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Things found on the way

Daruma san and the wind chimes
. . . DARUMA and Wind Chimes


PHOTO ALBUM : Wind Chimes


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HAIKU

A poem from an old friend
the sound of wind chime,
where will the wind carry this song?

Kio
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/searchingfortheox/message/721

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my little wind chimes -
your sound is heared
all over the world

Gabi Greve,
with respect to the above discussion, March 2006

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Related words


. Wind Chimes ... Introduction .


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