WKD (01) ... World Kigo Database


This database of seasonal words (worldwide saijiki) will give us an opportunity to deepen the understanding of kigo issues and to appreciate the climate, life and culture of other parts of the world.

This is an educational site for reference purposes of haiku poets worldwide.

To contribute, just add your haiku as a comment to an entry !

Dr. Gabi Greve, Japan

1/15/2006

MOON and his LINKS

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The Moon, O-Tsukisama, Der Mond, La Lune

On this page you find links to the various worldwide kigo and information connected with the moon, in alphabetical order.

Here we also collect haiku about the moon, "Mr. Moon",
o-tsuki sama お月様.

The Moon belongs to the category of "Heaven", naturally.
But some activities around the time of the full moon in Autumn in Japan belong to the categories of Humanity or Observance.


a wobbely moon
a wobbely viewer
tonight we get drunk




Gabi Greve, 2004

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Snow, Moon and Blossoms, Setsugekka 雪月花 setsugetsuka
Japanese Art and the Japanese View of Nature
To the Japanese mind, nature is more than just physical scenery.
The Japanese love of the imperfect stems from an acknowledgment of the inherent limitations of human creative powers.

© SETSUGEKKA, by Isamu Kurita, MOA
..... Do not miss to read the full essay .

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We have only to say "the moon" when we refer to the autumn moon. We must therefore put such epithets as "spring/vernal", "summer", or "winter" before the moon when we mention the other season's moon.
Takashi Nonin
Read more.
http://www.haikupoetshut.com/themoon.html

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Japanese Names for the Lunar Months
Since lunar months and solar years do not coincide, the actual beginning of the each lunar month varied from year to year. Most lunar months have two or three names.
Find the list here:
WKD . Asian Lunar Calendar System


ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo

meigetsu no hoo e korobasu makura kana

I shift my pillow
closer to the
full moon.


Saiba 1858 (Tr. Hoffmann)

By the old Japanese lunar calendar, the full moon was always on the fifteenth of the month; and the eighth month would be our September. Just as a brief aside here, although the Japanese, from a Buddhist standpoint, like the full moon, from an aesthetic standpoint they also like the moons of the thirteenth and the seventeenth as well, because these moons were slightly misshapen from total fullness.

Autumn in Japan by the old lunar calendar consisted of the seventh, eighth, and ninth months (our August, September, and October). The most significant full moon of the lunar year was the full moon of the eight month (September), the Harvest Moon.

Larry Bole
Translating Haiku Forum


ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo


Autumnal Moonlight Viewing

There is an old custom of celebrating the full moon on the fifteenth day of the eighth month on the traditional Japanese calendar. It's a very poetic and elegant practice, with people placing ornaments and offerings next to windows, on verandas, and in other places where one can see the moon. Vases are filled with pampas grass and autumnal herbs, and seasonal foods like dumplings, pears, persimmons, and grapes are placed on dishes.

Autumn consisted of the seventh, eighth, and ninth months of the year on the old Japanese calendar. The full moon in the middle autumnal month, called chushu no meigetsu, was considered particularly beautiful, as the air became crisper and the heat of summer subsided.

The traditional Japanese calendar and the modern one used by countries around the world today are off by about a month. It's not unusual for chushu no meigetsu to be a day or two off from the day of the full moon.

The practice of celebrating the full moon came from China during the Heian period (794-1185). Records show that chushu no meigetsu was marked with poetry and music by court aristocrats as early as 909.

In the Edo period (1603-1868) the practice of enjoying the beautiful rays of the moon spread to warriors and townspeople. Farmers also incorporated viewing the full autumn moon into agricultural rites. For instance, taro roots (sato imo) were prepared as offerings, and moon-viewing doubled as a harvest festival. This became so widespread that the full moon in mid-fall also came to be known as imo meigetsu.

Eating dumplings - made from rice pounded into paste and shaped into spheres like the moon - made people feel like they were sharing a meal with the lunar god.

There used to be a custom forgiving anyone who stole the dumplings and fruits offered during moon-viewing. When the offerings were taken by children, they weren't scolded. Instead, adults said they were glad the gods liked the food so much to partake of them. This tradition is disappearing today, but the offered foods are still a treat for kids when the moon-viewing is over.
© Kidsweb
http://web-jpn.org/kidsweb/calendar/september/moon.html

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MOON names in different American traditions
From the Farmer’s Almanach
http://www.tempslibres.org/us/en/notes/noteslune.html
http://www.americanindian.net/moons.html

http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/9637/moonscal.htm
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/970314a.html

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There are many haiku about the MOON on this Link.
http://www.asahi.com/english/haiku/041101.html


http://www.geocities.com/vgendrano/moonalone.html

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.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MOON Haiga

Jerry Dreesen BLOG

By Victor P. Gendrano
http://www.geocities.com/vgendrano/moonalone.html

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.. .. .. Alphabetical List


Autumn Moon (aki no tsuki 秋の月) Japan

山里の鐘の音遠き秋の月
yamasato no kane no oto tooki aki no tsuki



Autumn moon
above a mountain village,
The boom of a temple bell in the distance.


月の夜そぞろ歩きの川明かり
tsuki no yo so zoroaruki no kawa akari

A stroll on a moon night,
The surface of a river
gleaming.

今日の月ふと立ち止まる通勤路
kyoo no tsuki fu -to tachidomaru tsuukinji

The harvest moon,
I stop unconsciously
on my way home from office
.

Great link about autumn haiku and the Sea. With many pictures.
Thanks go to Wada Yoshio.
http://wadaphoto.jp/haiku5.htm

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"Beans Full Moon", lesser harvest moon, mame meigetsu 豆名月
also
"Chestnut Full Moon", kuri meigetsu 栗名月
..... a treat served whilst watching the full moon
kigo for late autumn


"Sweet Potato Full Moon" imo meigetsu 芋名月
kigo for mid-autumn

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"Blood Moon" and eclipses geshoku 月食

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Bow-string moon, gengetsu 弦月
small quater-moon, crescent moon
kigo for autumn

"Bow-stretched moon", yumiharizuki 弓張月

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Christmas Moon Weihnachtsmond


Cold Moon (kan no tsuki 寒の月)
kigo for winter

cold moon -
shards of light
on frost

Ella Wagenmakers

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Dawn moon in autumn (ariakezuki) Japan. 有明月(ありあけづき)
moon in the morning, asazuki/moon left over, nokoru tsuki/mist in the morning, ariake gasumi

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dumplings for moon viewing, tsukimi dango, tsukimidango 月見団子 

They are placed on a beautiful tray and put outside as an offering to the deities on the autumn full moon night. Later on, they are eaten by the family.

susuki すすき grasses (another kigo for the full autumn moon season) are put in a vase beside them.
Click HERE to see some photos.


entertaining visitors for moon viewing,
tsuki no za, 月の座

..... tsuki no en 月の宴
host who invited for moon viewing, tsuki no aruji, 月の主
guests viewing the moon togheter, tsuki no kyaku, 月の客
friends viewing the moon together, tsuki no tomo 月の友
moon viewing restaurant, tsukimijaya 月見茶屋 (つきみじゃや)
boat for moon viewing, tsukimibune 月見船
drinking sake while moon viewing, tsukimizake 月見酒
kigo for mid-autumn


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Evening moon, yuuzuki 夕月
Night moon, yoizuki 宵月
Moon of tonight, kyoo no tsuki 今日の月
the moon tonight, koyoi no yuki 月今宵
kigo for mid-autumn

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Full Moon (mangetsu 満月)
auspicious moon, mochizuki 望月, meigetsu 名月
kigo for mid-autumn

full moon
keeping an eye
on the stars

full moon
wolf howling
your side of the fence


Ella Wagemakers

o o o o o

There is an Ezine called "Full Moon"
http://fullmoonmag.bravehost.com/index.html


also for mid-autumn
juugoya 十五夜(じゅうごや)
chuushuusetsu 仲秋節(ちゅうしゅうせつ)
imo meigetsu 芋名月(いもめいげつ)sweet potato full moon
kyoo no tsuki 今日の月(きょうのつき)moon of today
koyoi no tsuki 今宵の月(こよいのつき)
tsuki no yoi 月今宵(つきこよい)"month with a moon"
dangoya 三五夜(さんごや)
sango no tsuki 三五の月(さんごのつき)
danshoo no tsuki 端正の月(たんしょうのつき)
nadakaki tsuki 名高き月(なだかきつき)
mochizuki 望月(もちづき)
mochiyo 望の夜(もちのよ)
meigetsu 明月(めいげつ)bright moon

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France, names of the moon

new moon, nouvelle lune (French)
shingetsu / saku (" new moon")

new crescent, croissant (French)
mikazuki ("the third day's moon")

half-moon, premier quartier (French)
hangetsu ("half-moon"),
jougen no tsuki("an upward bow" )

full moon, pleine lune (French)
mangetsu, mochizuki("full moon"),
juugoya ("the fifteenth night")

half-moon, dernier quartier (French)
hangetsu ("half-moon"),
kagen no tsuki ("a downward bow")

http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~NW6E-MTMR/moon/name_e.htm

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Germany, names of the moon
Namen des Mondes


Januar: Hartmond, Eismond, Schneemond, Wolfsmond
Februar: Narrenmond, Schmelzmond, Taumond
März: Frühlingsmond
April: Ostermond
Mai: Weidemond, Wonnemond, Marienmond
Juni: Brachmond, Rosenmond
Juli: Heumond
August: Erntemond, Sichelmond
September: Herbstmond
Oktober: Weinmond, Dachsmond
November: Nebelmond, Wintermond, Windmond
Dezember: Julmond, Christmond, Heiligmond, Wolfsmond, Schlachtmond
www.wetter-mensch-natur.de


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Harvest Moon, North America


Hunger Moon


Hunter's Moon

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India
Moon, waxing (moondraam pirai)

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Meigetsu 名月(Japan) The full moon of Mid-Autumn (September)
"famous moon". The full moon of the eighth lunar month, usually in September.
also translated as : harvest moon.
kigo for mid-autumn

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.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MOON

handblown glass -
cirrus clouds curve
around the moon

Hortensia Anderson

oo oo oo oo oo

moonlit bridge –......................... яркая луна --
my shadow checks the path .......тень нащупывает путь
before my steps .........................по мостику

Origa (Olga Hooper)

Read more of Origa's Moon Haiku here:
http://www.livejournal.com/users/origa/30603.html?nc=12

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kigo for mid-autumn

New Moon, shingetsu 新月, 初月
the moon appears small for the first time in the eigth month of the lunar calendar, now September. Crescent moon.

New Moon on the second day, futsukazuki 二日月
..... sengetsu 繊月(せんげつ)
..... futsuka no tsuki 二日の月(ふつかのつき)


New Moon on the third day, mikkazuki 三日月
..... mikka no tsuki 三日の月(みっかのつき, tsuki no mayu 月の眉(つきのまゆ), mayugakizuki 眉書月(まゆがきづき), mayuzuki 眉月(まゆづき), mikkazuki mayu 三日月眉(みかづきまゆ)
..... new moon, shingetsu 新月(しんげつ), young moon, jakugetsu 若月(じゃくげつ)
..... sword of the moon, tsuki no tsurugi 月の剣(つきのつるぎ)
..... gabi 蛾眉(がび), shohaku 初魄(しょはく)



No Moon (mugetsu, 無月 Japan)
The "invisible moon" , refers to the night of the full moon in September, when he is hidden by the clouds.
When it rains on that day, we have the "rain moon", ugetsu 雨月.

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October Full Moon (nochi no tsuki 後の月)
kigo for late autumn
"the next full moon"
Spetember in the Asian lunar calendar. In America: Hunter's Moon.
The moon a month after the really bright moon of august.

nochitsuki no kanashiki hodo no shirosa kana

October full moon
moonshine is too white
for sadness

Etsuko Yanagibori

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Poacher's Moon




Snow Moon
kigo for winter


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Spring Moon kigo for all spring

Vollmond im Frühling
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


haru no tsuki 春の月 moon in spring
... shungetsu 春月(しゅんげつ)
haruzukiyo 春月夜(はるづきよ)night with a spring moon
haru mangetsu 春満月(はるまんげつ)full moon in spring


haru mikazuki 春三日月 (はるみかづき) crescent moon in spring
... 春の三日月(はるのみかづき)


oborozuki 朧月 (おぼろづき) hazy moon in spring
CLICK for more photos
tsuki oboro 月朧(つきおぼろ)moon is hazy
oborozukiyo 朧月夜(おぼろづきよ)night with a hazy moon
tangetsu 淡月(たんげつ) lightly hazy moon
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



Spring Moon Haiga
Beautiful Haiga by Victor P. Gendrano
http://www.geocities.com/vgendrano/moon.html


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Sugar Moon / Sap Moon Full Worm - March Moon. Maple Moon.
North America and Canada. Making Maple Syrup.

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Summer moon

late summer moon …
the remnants of a gull’s wake
floats on the river


Bruce Ross , Bangor, ME, USA
http://mdn.mainichi.co.jp/haiku/03/selection2002.html

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Snow and Moon

Yukitsukiyo
I read your Haiku
before sleep

Yukitsukiyo ( moonnight on snow )
Etsuko Yanagibori
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/cherrypoetryclub/message/21322

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WINTER MOON

fuyu no tsuki 冬の月 (ふゆのつき) winter moon, moon in winter
tsuki sayuru 月冴ゆる(つきさゆる)brigh clear winter moon
tsuki kooru 月氷る(つきこおる)"freezing moon"
kangetsu 寒月(かんげつ)"moon in the cold"

fuyu mikazuki 冬三日月(ふゆみかづき)cresecent moon in winter
kan mikazuki 寒三日月(かんみかづき) crescent moon in the cold



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Haibun about the Moon
by Takashi Nonin

http://www.haikupoetshut.com/themoon.html

We have only to say "the moon" when we refer to the autumnmoon. We must therefore put such epithets as "spring/vernal", "summer", or "winter" before the moon when we mention the other season's moon.The autumn moon makes the difference. My old SAIJIKI has 126 words or phrases with regard to the autumn moon. Which shows how profoundly the Japanese have affiliated with the moon since ancient times.

Today, October 5th (September 15th according to the lunar calendar) is the Full Moon. Tonight TV stations across the Archipelago telecast the full moon with a few seasonal comments. "A poet can not but be jocund." We look up and admire the moon tonight.When it happens to be cloudy and we cannot see the moon, we don't complain but try to see the "invisible" moon way beyond the clouds.

This is Mugetsu or No Moon. When it's raining, we call the Rainy Moon Ugetsu 雨月. We miss the moon, to which our thoughts go out through the rain.We praise the moon and enjoy everything about the way the moon looks tonight. Eared pampas grass and several other flowering plants fresh from the autumn fields arranged in a vase, together with"moon-viewing dumplings"(Tsukimi-dango) are placed near the open window as the gifts for the moon.
Our hearts are filled with anticipation on the Eve of the Full Moon (Oct.4th this year). This is Matsuyoi or The Moon-awaiting Evening.

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Sitting all alone
facing a still white paper:
behind me the moon

Vasile Moldovan
Read more about the Moon in Europa

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Matsuo Basho,
the last woodblock print in the following series

One Hundred Aspects of the Moon
Tsuki Hyakushi 月百姿
by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi (1839-1892)

One Hundred Aspects of the Moon is the last major work of Yoshitoshi. 100 Aspects of the Moon consists of a hundred single sheets with very diverse subjects and only one common theme - the moon, more or less visible on each design.

Read the full article with more prints here:
© Artelino.com Art


Here is my dear Daruma in this MOON series



 © GALERIE AM HAUS DER KUNST • MÜNCHEN


Yoshitoshi's moon prints on display in Leiden, Holland
By MARJAN BEX, November 2006



Harvest Moon and Geese Haiku / WHR 3

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harvest moon above
lights the evening sky
silver fields below

Paul Oxberry, October 2007


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WASHOKU ... Japanese Food SAIJIKI

Back to the Worldkigo Index
http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/

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15 Comments:

At 12/27/2004, Blogger . Gabi Greve said...

the moon's sickle --
lavender scents entering
into the courtyard

the camp fire
noiselessly warms up
the pan of the moon

jogging in moonlight
along the river bank
my shadow and I

the Moon's reflection
wrinkled by little wave
muffled voices

the lights of Paris !
only the moon is the same
as in Croatia

pine branches
in the fire - needles climbing
toward the moon

the small black clouds
drawing moustaches
on the moon's face

By Tomislav Maretic WHC

 
At 3/07/2006, Blogger . Gabi Greve said...

taru koto o/shiru soan no/tsuki suzushi

knowing
how to be contented...cool moon
at the small hut


Nao Kataoka (1885-1953)

Malcontents are unhappy people. To be able to be contented, or to know when to be satisfied, is a difficult but exalted achievement in Zen as the nature of its student's effort is to abandon desires. The more you have, the more you want. Ultimately, to be content with having nothing is the spiritual ideal. The cool moon represents the tranquillity of mind.

Nao was a man of many parts with a countless number of hobbies and interests. Looking un-Zen-like on the surface, he may well have been a fulfilled person inside.

by Susumu Takiguchi, Go Shichi Go in the Daily Yomiuri
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/features/language/20060307TDY17001.htm

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At 8/10/2006, Blogger . Gabi Greve said...

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shy moon --
a cup of sake and the clouds


"chibi" (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes) August 2006

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At 10/14/2006, Blogger . Gabi Greve said...

The Hare (Rabbit) in the Moon
Pounding Rice as Kigo

 
At 12/08/2006, Blogger . Gabi Greve said...

Moon Rings, Moon Dogs And Other Moon Light Phenomena...

The moon can produce interesting optical effects when conditions are right. The most common of which are moon rings, moon bows, which are similar to rainbows, moon dogs and moon pillars.
A rainbow is produced when sunlight is refracted through water droplets - A similar effect is produced when moon light refracts through ice crystals. In this LINK are a few photographs and examples about this interesting phenomena.

Moon Ring Weather Folklore
Anatomy of a Moon Halo
Moon Corona

Copyright © 2001 By Keith Cooley 
Moon Light Effects


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At 12/12/2006, Blogger . Gabi Greve said...

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dazzling moon
over the autumn gale...
nice and hot


tsuki chira-chira nowaki no tsuki no atsusa kana

月ちらちら野分の月の暑哉

by Issa, 1811

Issa imagines that the moon is comfortably hot above the cold autumn gale (nowaki).

Tr. David Lanoue
http://cat.xula.edu/issa/

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At 4/13/2007, Anonymous Anonymous said...

.
a sight to see!
from a hole in the wall
autumn moon


nadokoro ya kabe no ana yori aki no tsuki

.名所や壁の穴より秋の月

by Issa, 1825


Tr. David Lanoue . http://cat.xula.edu/issa/

 
At 4/16/2007, Blogger Gabi Greve said...

.
Stars and the Night Sky in Kenya, 2007
.

 
At 7/28/2007, Anonymous Anonymous said...

"Wild rice moon" is a name for the harvest moon in September, used by the Alqonquin and Ojibway tribes.

As the Anishinaabeg Ojibwe tell the story, Nanaboozhoo, the cultural hero of the Anishinaabeg, was introduced to wild rice by fortune, and by a duck.

More is here
http://www.wholeearthmag.com/ArticleBin/303.html

 
At 9/04/2007, Anonymous Anonymous said...


harvest moon . . .
a mother washing
her newborn



robert d. wilson

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/simply_haiku/message/20664

 
At 1/23/2008, Anonymous Ella Wagemakers said...

harvest moon
the sound of women
pounding rice

winter evening
a teacup of mint
and moon

half moon
on the river the sound
of cracking ice

... and so many more in my mind...

Ella Wagemakers

 
At 2/22/2008, Anonymous . . . the moon said...

Full Moon Names and Their Meanings

Full Moon names date back to Native Americans, of what is now the northern and eastern United States. The tribes kept track of the seasons by giving distinctive names to each recurring full Moon. Their names were applied to the entire month in which each occurred. There was some variation in the Moon names, but in general, the same ones were current throughout the Algonquin tribes from New England to Lake Superior.
European settlers followed that custom and created some of their own names. Since the lunar month is only 29 days long on the average, the full Moon dates shift from year to year.

Here is the Farmers Almanac's list of the full Moon names.

• Full Wolf Moon - January Amid the cold and deep snows of midwinter, the wolf packs howled hungrily outside Indian villages. Thus, the name for January's full Moon. Sometimes it was also referred to as the Old Moon, or the Moon After Yule. Some called it the Full Snow Moon, but most tribes applied that name to the next Moon.

• Full Snow Moon - February Since the heaviest snow usually falls during this month, native tribes of the north and east most often called February's full Moon the Full Snow Moon. Some tribes also referred to this Moon as the Full Hunger Moon, since harsh weather conditions in their areas made hunting very difficult.

• Full Worm - March Moon As the temperature begins to warm and the
ground begins to thaw, earthworm casts appear, heralding the return of the robins. The more northern tribes knew this Moon as the Full Crow Moon, when the cawing of crows signaled the end of winter; or the Full Crust Moon, because the snow cover becomes crusted from thawing by day and freezing at night. The Full Sap Moon, marking the time of tapping
maple trees, is another variation. To the settlers, it was also known as the Lenten Moon, and was considered to be the last full Moon of winter.

• Full Pink Moon - April This name came from the herb moss pink, or wild ground phlox, which is one of the earliest widespread flowers of
the spring. Other names for this month's celestial body include the Full Sprouting Grass Moon, the Egg Moon, and among coastal tribes the Full Fish Moon, because this was the time that the shad swam upstream to spawn.

• Full Flower Moon - May In most areas, flowers are abundant
everywhere during this time. Thus, the name of this Moon. Other names
include the Full Corn Planting Moon, or the Milk Moon.

• Full Strawberry Moon - June This name was universal to every
Algonquin tribe. However, in Europe they called it the Rose Moon. Also because the relatively short season for harvesting strawberries comes each year during the month of June . . . so the full Moon that occurs during that month was christened for the strawberry!

• The Full Buck Moon - July July is normally the month when the new
antlers of buck deer push out of their foreheads in coatings of velvety fur. It was also often called the Full Thunder Moon, for the reason that thunderstorms are most frequent during this time. Another name for this month's Moon was the Full Hay Moon.

• Full Sturgeon Moon - August The fishing tribes are given credit
for the naming of this Moon, since sturgeon, a large fish of the Great
Lakes and other major bodies of water, were most readily caught during this month. A few tribes knew it as the Full Red Moon because, as the Moon rises, it appears reddish through any sultry haze. It was also called the Green Corn Moon or Grain Moon.

• Full Harvest Moon - September This is the full Moon that occurs
closest to the autumn equinox. In two years out of three, the Harvest
Moon comes in September, but in some years it occurs in October. At the peak of harvest, farmers can work late into the night by the light of this Moon. Usually the full Moon rises an average of 50 minutes later each night, but for the few nights around the Harvest Moon, the Moon seems to rise at nearly the same time each night: just 25 to 30 minutes
later across the U.S., and only 10 to 20 minutes later for much of
Canada and Europe. Corn, pumpkins, squash, beans, and wild rice the
chief Indian staples are now ready for gathering.

• Full Hunter's Moon - October With the leaves falling and the deer fattened, it is time to hunt. Since the fields have been reaped, hunters can easily see fox and the animals which have come out to glean.

• Full Beaver Moon - November This was the time to set beaver traps
before the swamps froze, to ensure a supply of warm winter furs. Another interpretation suggests that the name Full Beaver Moon comes from the fact that the beavers are now actively preparing for winter. It is sometimes also referred to as the Frosty Moon.

• The Full Cold Moon; or the Full Long Nights Moon - December During
this month the winter cold fastens its grip, and nights are at their
longest and darkest. It is also sometimes called the Moon before Yule.
The term Long Night Moon is a doubly appropriate name because the
midwinter night is indeed long, and because the Moon is above the
horizon for a long time. The midwinter full Moon has a high trajectory across the sky because it is opposite a low Sun.

 
At 5/13/2008, Anonymous Kenya Saijiki Forum said...

.
May dusk -- --
a kid points out the crescent moon
to his friend


Caleb, Kenya

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/kenyasaijiki/message/1090

 
At 6/24/2008, Anonymous . . . mango moon said...


mango moon


haiku collection at simply haiku

 
At 3/25/2009, Blogger Gabi Greve said...

talkative full moon
makes language unnecessary
for the restless night

Raju Samal, march 2009

 

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